scholarly journals Magyarországra behurcolt trópusi arbovírusfertőzések 2016 és 2020 között

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (50) ◽  
pp. 2000-2009
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A Dengue-, Zika- és Chikungunya-vírus-fertőzések a trópusokról importált leggyakoribb arbovírusfertőzések. Földrajzi elterjedésük átfedő, közös vektoraik és hasonló tüneteik miatt szerológiai és molekuláris módszerek együttes alkalmazásán alapuló mikrobiológiai vizsgálatokkal különíthetők el megbízhatóan. Célkitűzés: Munkánk célja a 2016 és 2020 között endémiás területen járt, tünetes és tünetmentes utazók vizsgálata volt, minden esetben mindhárom vírusfertőzés irányában. A diagnosztikus tesztek során az alvadásgátolt teljes vér és vizelet bevonásával vizsgáltuk a vírus-RNS kimutathatóságának esélyét a különböző mintatípusokból. Módszer: Savópárminták szerológiai analízise során a Dengue-, Zika- és Chikungunya-vírus-specifikus ellenanyagválasz alakulását vizsgáltuk ELISA-módszerrel. Reaktív eredmények esetében a szerológiai keresztreakciók kizárására immunfluoreszcens és ELISA-technikán alapuló további vizsgálatokat végeztünk a hazai és az utazás során érintett területeken előforduló flavi- és alphavirusok irányában. Vérsavó-, alvadásgátolt teljes vér és vizeletmintákból reverztranszkripciót követő valós idejű polimeráz-láncreakcióval vírus-RNS-kimutatást végeztünk. Eredmények: Az 1037 vizsgált utazó közül 133 esetben kaptunk reaktív szerológiai és/vagy molekuláris eredményt. Az alvadásgátolt teljes vér mintából sikerült a legnagyobb arányban vírusnukleinsavat kimutatni mind a Dengue- és Zika-, mind a Chikungunya-vírus esetében. Megbeszélés: Endémiás területről hazatért utazók vizsgálatát a tünetek hasonlósága miatt mindhárom vírusfertőzés irányában együttesen indokolt elvégezni. A flavi- és alphavirusokra jellemző nagyfokú szerológiai keresztreaktivitás miatt a nukleinsav-kimutatás javíthatja a mikrobiológiai diagnosztika pontosságát. Következtetés: A három vírus mikrobiológiai diagnosztikáját segíti a korai mintavétel és a molekuláris vizsgálatok kiterjesztése további mintatípusokra: alvadásgátolt teljes vér és vizelet. A behurcolt vírusfertőzések azonosítása fokozott jelentőségű, mert az Európában is jelen lévő vektorszúnyogfajok felvetik az autochton átvitel lehetőségét. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(50): 2000–2009. Summary. Introduction: Dengue-, Zika- and Chikungunya infections are among the most frequently imported tropical arbovirus infections. Due to their shared endemic regions, vectors and similar clinical symptoms, differential diagnosis is based on serological and molecular analysis. Objective: The aim of our study was to identify the imported arbovirus infections of travellers between 2016 and 2020. Furthermore, to improve the diagnostic sensitivity, anticoagulated whole blood and urine samples were involved in molecular diagnosis. Method: Virus-specific antibody kinetics was tested in paired sera of patients by ELISA method. In case of reactive results, further serological analysis was performed using immunofluorescence assays and/or ELISA tests to exclude serological cross-reactions caused by other members of the flavi- and alphaviruses. Detection of viral RNA was attempted from serum, anticoagulated whole blood and urine specimens using reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Out of the tested 1037 travellers, reactive serological and/or molecular results were obtained in 133 cases. Anticoagulated whole blood proved to be the most suitable specimen for viral RNA detection of the three viruses. Discussion: Parallel testing of Dengue-, Zika- and Chikungunya infections is recommended, as symptom-based differential diagnosis is challenging. Due to the characteristic serological cross-reactivity of flavi- and alphaviruses, microbiological diagnosis relies on both serological and molecular tests. Conclusion: Involving anticoagulated whole blood and urine samples into molecular analysis and early sample collection improve the sensitivity of microbiological diagnostics. Identification of imported tropical arbovirus infections is of high importance as the presence of vector mosquitos in Europe raises the possibility of autochthon transmission. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(50): 2000–2009.

scholarly journals The inability of a dengue NS1 ELISA to detect Zika infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique da Rocha Queiroz Lima ◽  
Thais Chouin-Carneiro ◽  
Elzinandes Azeredo ◽  
Luciana Santos Barbosa ◽  
Thiara Manuele Alves Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Difficult Diagnosis ◽  
Capture Assay

AbstractThe presence of dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in Brazil, may result in a difficult diagnosis due to the signs and symptoms shared by those. Moreover, as DENV and ZIKV belong to the same family, serological assays may show a high rate of cross-reactivity. Here, we evaluated a Dengue NS1 capture assay for early and differential diagnosis of dengue during the Zika epidemic occurred in Brazil in 2016. Samples (n = 227) from 218 patients included sera, plasma and urine from previously confirmed acute cases of Zika, dengue and Zika/dengue co-infections. Nine of those patients presented two specimens. The Dengue NS1 test was very specific for dengue diagnosis (99.32%), even in the co-circulation with ZIKV, and exhibited a high accuracy in not detecting acute Zika infections (92.43%). Our findings showed that the dengue NS1 capture test analyzed here was not able to recognize the ZIKV NS1 and its potential for cross-reaction.

scholarly journals Systemic Succinate, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha, and IL-1β Gene Expression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease with and without Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 370-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Kocyigit ◽  
Serpil Taheri ◽  
Eray Eroglu ◽  
Elif Funda Sener ◽  
Gokmen Zararsız ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Polycystic Kidney Disease ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney

Background and Objectives: Cyst pressure induces renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation and kidney hypoxia in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Lipopolysaccharide-induced Toll-like receptor activation causes metabolic disturbances that are triggered by increased succinate levels and hypoxia inducible factors, which results in inflammation via IL-1β activation. Since we aimed to investigate the role of both inflammation and hypoxia in the clinical course of ADPKD, via succinate levels from sera samples, HIF-1α gene expression from whole blood and urine samples and IL-1βgene expression from whole blood were measured. Methods: One hundred ADPKD patients and 100 matched healthy controls were enrolled to this cross-sectional study. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted in all participants. Blood, serum, and urine samples were taken after 12-h fasting for the measurement of biochemical parameters and succinate levels. Whole blood and urine samples were used for HIF-1α and IL-1β geneexpression by using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: There were significant differences in whole blood HIF-1α, IL-1β geneexpression, and serumsuccinate levels between the ADPKD patients and the control subjects. Whole blood HIF-1αgene expression, IL-1β geneexpression, and serumsuccinate levels were also significantly different in ADPKD patients with hypertension in comparison with normotensive ones (p < 0.05). Serum succinate levels and blood IL-1β geneexpression were increased in ADPKD patients with high levels of HIF-1α geneexpression (p = 0.018 and p = 0.029, respectively). Conclusions: Increased age,low eGFR, and HIF-1α and IL-1β geneexpressions were also independently associated with hypertension in ADPKD patients. Inflammation and hypoxia are both relevant factors that might be associated with hypertension in ADPKD.

Collection and handling of 24-hour urine specimens for measurement of analytes related to renal calculi.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Ng ◽  
M Menon ◽  
J H Ladenson
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Renal Calculi ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Urine Specimens

Abstract Analysis for calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, oxalate, uric acid, and creatinine in 24-h urine collections is often needed for the differential diagnosis of patients with renal calculi. Considerable attention has been given to improving the methods of analysis, but improper sample collection and processing can cause significant errors for calcium and oxalate in urine samples not treated with acid and for uric acid in urine samples not treated with base. The errors are related to the concentration of the analyte, the interval the sample is stored before analysis, and the original pH of the urine sample. We describe here a system of sequential acidification (to pH 1.5) and alkalinization (to pH 9) of 24-h urine samples, followed by heating at 56 degrees C for 10 min. This procedure allows accurate analysis for all the above analytes in the same 24-h collection of urine. We validated the sample-treatment protocol for 80 24-h urine collections.

scholarly journals Stability of Ethanol in Blood and Urine Samples

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavka Mandić-Radić ◽  
Gordana Džingalašević ◽  
Nevena Luković
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Temperature Storage

Stability of Ethanol in Blood and Urine SamplesThe changes of ethanol concentrations in whole blood and urine samples were analyzed depending on temperatures and duration of storage. The aim of the study was to establish standards for the Institute laboratory. Samples of whole blood and urine, taken from drivers with excessive alcohol concentrations (6 groups, 15 samples per each), were analyzed upon delivery and then after storage during different time intervals and at different temperatures. The results showed that alcohol concentrations were significantly reduced with the increase of temperature and prolongation of storage. Only the whole blood samples stored for up to one month at -20 °C did not show significant changes. Room temperature storage of samples is the least suitable way of keeping them, independently of the duration of storage. Urines are not less reliable samples than blood. There are no ethanol differences between blood samples with and without sodium fluoride.

scholarly journals Detection of Zika virus RNA in whole blood of imported Zika virus disease cases up to 2 months after symptom onset, Israel, December 2015 to April 2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaniv Lustig ◽  
Ella Mendelson ◽  
Nir Paran ◽  
Sharon Melamed ◽  
Eli Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Infection Diagnosis ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

Zika virus RNA presence in serum, whole-blood and urine samples from six Israeli travellers symptomatic for Zika virus disease was examined. Whole-blood samples were positive for as late as 2 months (58 days) post-symptom onset, longer than for urine (26 days) and serum (3 days). These findings suggest the utility of whole blood in Zika infection diagnosis.

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