Isolation of Malassezia pachydermatis and M. sympodialis from the external ear canal of cats with and without otitis externa

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dizotti ◽  
Selene Coutinho
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

The objective of this study was to determine the presence of Malassezia spp. in the external ear canal of cats with and without otitis. Forty-five animals were studied, 20 with and 25 without otitis externa (OE). Cerumen or secretion from external ear canal samples was cultured on modified Mycosel agar and sterile olive oil was added to the surface of the medium before specimen seeding. The isolates were analysed for macro- and micromorphology and identified by catalase tests and on the basis of growth on Tween 20, 40, 60 and 80. Malassezia spp. were isolated from 15 out of 20 (75%) animals with otitis and from 7 out of 25 (28%) cats without OE; the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Malassezia pachydermatis and M. sympodialis were isolated from 60% (12/20) and 40% (8/20) of cats with otitis, respectively, with no significant difference in the frequency of isolation between the two species. In the microflora of the healthy ear canal M. pachydermatis was significantly more common (6/25, 24%) than M. sympodialis (1/25, 4%). The present investigation confirms that M. sympodialis can also act as an aetiological agent of feline OE, and if commercial veterinary laboratories do not use media with added lipids for the isolation of Malassezia spp., this might lead to false-negative results.

Prevalence of external ear disorders in Belgian stray cats

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouck Bollez ◽  
Hilde de Rooster ◽  
Alessandra Furcas ◽  
Sophie Vandenabeele
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Malassezia Species ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Ocular Discharge

Objectives Feline otitis externa is a multifactorial dermatological disorder about which very little is known. The objective of this study was to map the prevalence of external ear canal disorders and the pathogens causing otitis externa in stray cats roaming around the region of Ghent, Belgium. Methods One hundred and thirty stray cats were randomly selected during a local trap–neuter–return programme. All cats were European Shorthairs. This study included clinical, otoscopic and cytological evaluation of both external ears of each cat. Prospective data used as parameters in this study included the sex, age and body condition score of each cat, as well as the presence of nasal and/or ocular discharge, and the results of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) Snap tests. Results Remarkably, very few (sub)clinical problems of the external ear canal were found in the stray cat population. Malassezia species was by far the most common organism found in the external ear canals of the 130 stray cats. A total of 96/130 (74%) cats were found to have Malassezia species organisms present in one or both ears based on the cytological examination. No correlation was found between the parameters of sex, age, body condition score, the presence of nasal and/or ocular discharge and FIV and FeLV status, and the presence of parasites, bacteria or yeasts. Conclusions and relevance This study provides more information about the normal state of the external ear canal of stray cats. The ears of most stray cats are relatively healthy. The presence of Malassezia species organisms in the external ear canal is not rare among stray cats.

Otitis externa: the role of the veterinary nurse

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 306-310
Author(s):  
Sue Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Veterinary Practice ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Veterinary Surgeon

Otitis externa is a common problem in primary care veterinary practice. While the diagnosis and treatment of disease is the responsibility of the attending veterinary surgeon, the veterinary nurse, as an integral part of the veterinary surgeon-led team, plays an important role in the investigation and management of disease. Veterinary nurses are more than capable of assessing the external ear canal both macroscopically and cytologically to help the veterinary surgeon to make a diagnosis. Client facing nurse communications can help with the administration of therapy, provide owner support during treatment to increase compliance and help with follow-up assessments.

scholarly journals Occurrence and identification of yeasts in dogs external ear canal with and without otitis

2012 ◽  
pp. 3059-3064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elidiana De Bona ◽  
Sergio Ubiratan Paz Telesca ◽  
Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
High Proteolytic Activity ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Different Response

ABSTRACTObjective. To analyze the presence of yeast in the external ear canal of 116 dogs with and without a diagnosis of otitis from veterinary clinic in the Chapecó city, Santa Catarina, Brazil, and to examine the secretion of the proteinase in isolates. Materials and methods. Were collected cerumen of conduct hearing of dogs of 16 different races 71% with pendular ear type, 5% of semi-pendular and 24% of the erect type. All dogs were previously evaluated by otoscopy and grouped in dogs with and without otitis. Results. Yeasts were isolated in 44 samples (approximately 36%), where Malassezia pachydermatis was identified in 95% of samples where were observed growth of yeasts. On 20 samples the proteinase enzyme showed strong activity in 31% isolates, were 21% of the dogs with otitis tested showed high proteolytic activity. Conclusions. We observed a variation of strains of M. pachydermatis-producing enzymes. The variation in production of these enzymes is probably more associated with different response to the action of the immune system of the animal in the tissue injury.

scholarly journals Multicentre clinical trial to evaluate microbial spectrum in acute diffuse otitis externa in the residents of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Vasyl I. Popovych
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Microbial Spectrum

Introduction: Acute diffuse otitis externa is a spread skin inflammation of the external ear canal of the bacterial origin. It is reported at an incidence of up to 10% among healthy population of all age groups. Treatment is known to be based on the empirical approach for prescribing topical antibacterials. Therefore studying the bacterial spectrum of otitis externa causative agents is of great value in terms of relevant antimicrobial therapy. Aim: The objective of the study was to evaluate microbial spectrum in diffuse otitis externa in patients – residents of Ukraine. Materials and methods: Four hundred and ninety-three out-patients diagnosed with acute diffuse otitis externa were enrolled. Microbial composition of the external ear canal microflora was tested and aetiologically relevant titres of colony-forming units (CFU) were determined. Criteria for evaluation: titres of 104 to 106 CFU and >106 CFU were considered aetiologically relevant. titres of <104 CFU were considered aetiologically nonrelevant. Results and discussion: In the majority of cases of acute diffuse otitis externa, infection with Staphylococcus aureus in aetiologically relevant titres is reported in 53.2% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 23.6%. Cases of multimicrobial infection predominantly involving Gram-negative flora were also reported in 27.9%; each of them results in no more than 2 to 3% of otitis externa. Titres of Candida spp. (3.2%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (2.6%) were measured as aetiologically non-relevant. Conclusion: common microbial pathogens in acute diffuse otitis externa in patients of the Ukrainian population are Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Multimicrobial associations predominantly involving Gram-negative flora, which do not exceed 2 to 3% of cases. Fungal infections are a rare cause of otitis externa.

Outcome of 22 cases of perforated tympanic membrane caused by otomycosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 879-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Residual Hearing ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Trichloracetic Acid ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Discrete Area ◽  
Perforated Tympanic Membrane

Twenty-two cases of perforated tympanic membrane due to fungal otitis externa were observed over a five-year period.The diagnosis of fungal otitis externa was made on clinical grounds due to the obvious presence of fungal bloom in the external ear canal. Some perforations were noted at the first treatment after the fungal debris had been removed from the external ear canal using a microscope. Other perforations were observed to develop over a few days. Initially, a discrete area of the tympanic membrane appeared white and opaque. As time progressed the white area disintegrated, forming a perforation. Once the otitis externa had resolved most perforations healed spontaneously. Two that were observed to develop during treatment required a myringoplasty. Another one closed significantly but a tiny persistent perforation required cauterization with trichloracetic acid to encourage it to close over completely. The only residual hearing loss was in a case with almost total disintegration of the tympanic membrane requiring a myringoplasty.Treatment of fungal otitis externa for the patients in this series was aural toilet using suction under a microscope and insertion of a gauze wick saturated in a combination of hydrocortisone, clotrimazole, framycetin and gramicidin.

scholarly journals Quantification of Malassezia pachydermatis by real-time PCR in swabs from the external ear canal of dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Puig ◽  
Gemma Castellá ◽  
F. Javier Cabañes
Keyword(s):  
High Specificity ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Cytologic Examination ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Malassezia pachydermatis is part of the normal microbiota of canine skin and external ear canal, and is also associated with otitis externa in dogs. Laboratory detection of Malassezia otitis relies on the presence of elevated numbers of the yeast on cytologic examination of otic exudate. Although cytology has high specificity, it has low sensitivity, resulting in false-negatives and posing a challenge for clinicians to accurately diagnose Malassezia otitis. We developed a quantitative PCR (qPCR) to detect and quantify M. pachydermatis yeasts and validate the method with swabs from external ear canals of dogs. Our qPCR uses the β-tubulin gene, a single-copy gene, as a target. The limit of quantification was established as 0.18 ng/reaction, equivalent to 2.0 × 104 genome equivalents (gEq). Swabs from healthy dogs yielded quantification values of ≤2.7 × 104 gEq in the qPCR, whereas swabs from dogs with otitis yielded quantification values of ≥2.5 × 105 gEq. Our qPCR assay provides accurate quantification of M. pachydermatis yeasts from swab samples from dogs, is more sensitive than cytology, and could be used to monitor response to treatment. Our assay could also be valuable in a research setting to better understand the pathogenesis of M. pachydermatis.

Comparison of Microbial Isolates and Susceptibility Patterns From the External Ear Canal of Dogs With Otitis Externa

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Graham-Mize ◽  
Edmund J. Rosser
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Single Organism ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
External Canal ◽  
Malassezia Spp ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Otic exudate was obtained from 33 dogs with otitis externa for cytopathology and culture. Two samples were taken from the same location in the external ear canal, for a total of 100 samples. Thirty-six (36%) samples isolated only a single organism, of which 21 (21%) were Malassezia spp. Two organisms were present in 23 (23%) of the samples. Cultures of the two samples agreed in 40 (80%) of the 50 pairs. Cytopathology agreed with culture results only 68% of the time. Cytopathology and culture may not be as definitive as previously assumed because of apparent variability of the microbial population within the external canal.

Leiomyosarcoma of the external ear canal as a cause of otitis externa, media, interna in a chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christof A. Bertram ◽  
Robert Klopfleisch ◽  
Nancy A. Erickson ◽  
Antina Lübke-Becker ◽  
Kerstin Müller
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
External Ear Canal

Histological changes in the external ear canal of dogs with otitis externa

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Pi Huang ◽  
Christopher J. L. Little ◽  
Pauline E. McNeil
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Externa ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
External Ear Canal
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