scholarly journals PROSEDUR PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERLINDUNGAN DIRI DAN BIOSAFETY LEVEL 1 DAN 2

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Amertha Putra Manuaba Putra Manuaba
Keyword(s):  
Level 1 ◽  
Biosafety Level

scholarly journals Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies Using Propagation-Defective Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Zettl ◽  
Toni Luise Meister ◽  
Tanja Vollmer ◽  
Bastian Fischer ◽  
Jörg Steinmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Virus Neutralization ◽  
Pseudotype Virus ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Biosafety Level

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2, a new member of the genus Betacoronavirus, is a pandemic virus, which has caused numerous fatalities, particularly in the elderly and persons with underlying morbidities. At present, there are no approved vaccines nor antiviral therapies available. The detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies plays a crucial role in the assessment of the immune status of convalescent COVID-19 patients, evaluation of recombinant therapeutic antibodies, and the evaluation of novel vaccines. To detect SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies, classically, a virus-neutralization test has to be performed at biosafety level 3, considerably limiting the general use of this test. In the present work, a biosafety level 1 pseudotype virus assay based on a propagation-incompetent vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been used to determine the neutralizing antibody titers in convalescent COVID-19 patients. The neutralization titers in serum of two independently analyzed patient cohorts were available within 18 h and correlated well with those obtained with a classical SARS-CoV-2 neutralization test (Pearson correlation coefficients of r = 0.929 and r = 0.939, respectively). Most convalescent COVID-19 patients had only low titers of neutralizing antibodies (ND50 < 320). The sera of convalescent COVID-19 patients also neutralized pseudotype virus displaying the SARS-CoV-1 spike protein on their surface, which is homologous to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. In summary, we report a robust virus-neutralization assay, which can be used at low biosafety level 1 to rapidly quantify SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals.

scholarly journals Chemomicrobiome analysis of the ornithine molecule

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Torshin ◽  
O. A. Gromova ◽  
V. A. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Prebiotic Molecules ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Biosafety Level

Hepatoprotectors and prebiotic molecules that promote the growth of intestinal flora differ significantly in their effects on different representatives of the human microbiome. This work presents the results of a comparative chemomicrobiomic analysis of ornithine and reference molecules (S-ademetionine, ursodeoxycholic acid, lactulose, and fructose). For each of the studied molecules, estimates of the values of the area under the growth curve were obtained for a representative sample of human microbiota, which included 38 commensal bacteria (including bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) and the values of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for 152 strains of pathogenic bacteria. It has been shown that ornithine, to a lesser extent than the reference molecules, stimulates the growth of pathogenic bacteria of the genera Aspergillus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and Candida fungi. Ornithine is also less likely to stimulate the growth of more aggressive bacteria (Biosafety Level 2) and to a greater extent less aggressive bacteria (Biosafety Level 1). By stimulating butyric and other short-chain fatty acid-producing microorganisms, ornithine can improve the profile of gut microbiota.

scholarly journals A High-Throughput HIV-1 Drug Screening Platform, Based on Lentiviral Vectors and Compatible with Biosafety Level-1

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Bernhard Ellinger ◽  
Daniel Pohlmann ◽  
Jannis Woens ◽  
Felix M. Jäkel ◽  
Jeanette Reinshagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Nuclear Entry ◽  
Genome Integration ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Screening Platform ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Biosafety Level

HIV-1 infection is a complex, multi-step process involving not only viral, but also multiple cellular factors. To date, drug discovery methods have primarily focused on the inhibition of single viral proteins. We present an efficient and unbiased approach, compatible with biosafety level 1 (BSL-1) conditions, to identify inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcription, intracellular trafficking, nuclear entry and genome integration. Starting with a fluorescent assay setup, we systematically improved the screening methodology in terms of stability, efficiency and pharmacological relevance. Stability and throughput were optimized by switching to a luciferase-based readout. BSL-1 compliance was achieved without sacrificing pharmacological relevance by using lentiviral particles pseudo-typed with the mouse ecotropic envelope protein to transduce human PM1 T cells gene-modified to express the corresponding murine receptor. The cellular assay was used to screen 26,048 compounds selected for maximum diversity from a 200,640-compound in-house library. This yielded z’ values greater than 0.8 with a hit rate of 3.3% and a confirmation rate of 50%. We selected 93 hits and enriched the collection with 279 similar compounds from the in-house library to identify promising structural features. The most active compounds were validated using orthogonal assay formats. The similarity of the compound profiles across the different platforms demonstrated that the reported lentiviral assay system is a robust and versatile tool for the identification of novel HIV-1 inhibitors.

scholarly journals Characterization of an influenza virus pseudotyped with Ebolavirus glycoprotein

2017 ◽  
pp. JVI.00941-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Xiao ◽  
Pramila Rijal ◽  
Lisa Schimanski ◽  
Arun Kumar Tharkeshwar ◽  
Edward Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Entry ◽  
Cell Entry ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Virus Surface ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Biosafety Level

We have produced a new Ebola virus pseudotype: E-S-FLU, which can be handled in biosafety level-1/2 containment for laboratory analysis. E-S-FLU is a single cycle influenza virus coated with Ebolavirus glycoprotein, and it encodes enhanced green fluorescence protein as a reporter that replaces the influenza haemagglutinin. MDCK-SIAT1 cells were transduced to express Ebolavirus glycoprotein as a stable transmembrane protein for E-S-FLU production. Infection of cells by E-S-FLU was dependent on Niemann-Pick C1 protein, which is the well-characterized receptor for Ebola virus entry at the late endosome/lysosome membrane. E-S-FLU was neutralized specifically by anti-Ebola glycoprotein antibody and a variety of small drug molecules that are known to inhibit entry of wild-type Ebola virus. To demonstrate the application of this new Ebola virus pseudotype, we show that a single laboratory batch was sufficient to screen a library (LOPAC®1280 Sigma) of 1280 pharmacologically active compounds for inhibition of virus entry. 215 compounds inhibited E-S-FLU infection, while only 22 inhibited the control H5-S-FLU virus coated in an H5 haemagglutinin. These inhibitory compounds have very dispersed targets and mechanisms of action e.g. calcium channel blockers, estrogen receptor antagonists, anti-histamines, serotonin uptake inhibitors etc. and this correlates with inhibitor screening results with other pseudotypes or wild-type Ebola virus in the literature. E-S-FLU is a new tool for Ebola virus cell entry studies and is easily applied to high throughput screening assays for small molecule inhibitors or antibodies.ImportanceEbola virus is from theFiloviridaefamily and is a biosafety level 4 pathogen. There are no FDA-approved therapeutics for Ebola virus. These characteristics warrant the development of surrogates of Ebola virus that can be handled in more convenient laboratory containment to study the biology of the virus, and screen for inhibitors. Here we characterized a new surrogate named E-S-FLU, that is based on a disabled influenza virus core coated with the Ebola virus surface protein, but does not contain any genetic information from the Ebola virus itself. We show that E-S-FLU uses the same cell entry pathway as wild-type Ebola virus. As an example of the ease of use of E-S-FLU in biosafety level-1/2 containment, we showed that a single production batch could provide enough surrogate virus to screen a standard small molecule library of 1280 candidates for inhibitors of viral entry.

Ultrastructural study on the development of rat amygdaloid body

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-433
Author(s):  
A. Manolova ◽  
S. Manolov
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Amygdaloid Complex ◽  
Amygdaloid Body ◽  
Thin Ring ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
Abundant Cytoplasm ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Oval Shape

Relatively few data on the development of the amygdaloid complex are available only at the light microscopic level (1-3). The existence of just general morphological criteria requires the performance of other investigations in particular ultrastructural in order to obtain new and more detailed information about the changes in the amygdaloid complex during development.The prenatal and postnatal development of rat amygdaloid complex beginning from the 12th embrionic day (ED) till the 33rd postnatal day (PD) has been studied. During the early stages of neurogenesis (12ED), the nerve cells were observed to be closely packed, small-sized, with oval shape. A thin ring of cytoplasm surrounded their large nuclei, their nucleoli being very active with various size and form (Fig.1). Some cells possessed more abundant cytoplasm. The perikarya were extremely rich in free ribosomes. Single sacs of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria were observed among them. The mitochondria were with light matrix and possessed few cristae. Neural processes were viewed to sprout from some nerve cells (Fig.2). Later the nuclei were still comparatively large and with various shape.

Outcome der Geburtseinleitungen in einem Perinatalzentrum Level 1 in Bayern

2011 ◽  
Vol 215 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Fürst ◽  
M Delius ◽  
F Karambiri ◽  
D Jacoby ◽  
U Hasbargen
Keyword(s):  
Level 1

Die intraartikuläre Therapie der Arthrose mit Hyaluronsäure – Stellenwert 2007

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (04) ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Ingo Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Level 1

ZusammenfassungDie epidemiologischen Daten unterstreichen die Bedeutung derArthrosekrankheit. Obwohl in den letztenJahren erheb- licheAnstrengungenin immunologischerund pathophysio- logischer Hinsicht unternommen wurden, steht eine zufriedenstellende konservative Behandlungsoption weiterhin aus. Anders als in der internistischen Rheumatologie, wie am Beispiel der Biologicals ersichtlich, fehlt dem Orthopäden im Fall der Arthrose eine zuverlässige Möglichkeit, den Krankheitsverlauf nachhaltig zu beeinflussen. Arthrotische Gelenke zeigen u. a. eine deutlich erniedrigte Hyaluronan- Konzentration. Neben der Möglichkeit derVerbesserung der viskoelastischen Eigenschaften sind inzwischen auch zahlreiche immunmodulatorische Mechanismen im Zusammenhang mit der Gelenkhomöostase unter dem Einfluss von Hyaluronan (überwiegend ex vivo) nachgewiesen. Trotzdem ist unter Berücksichtigung einer umfassenden Übersicht über die zahlreichen Publikationen zu diesem Thema im Sinne eines Evidenzgrades Level 1 eher nur ein moderater Effektfür die allerdings risikoarme intra-artiku- läre Hyaluronan-Therapie abzuleiten. Für eine valide Aussage im direkten Vergleich mit i.a.-Kortikosteroid reicht dagegen die aktuelle Datenlage nicht aus.

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