Graphene Role as Platinum Support for CO and Formic Acid Electrooxidation

2011 ◽  
Vol 1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirui Guo ◽  
Huseyin Sarialtin ◽  
Shaun Alia ◽  
Hayri Engin Akin ◽  
Yushan Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Loading Amount

AbstractThe direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a promising power source for electronic applications due to its high efficiency and compactness. To improve the efficiency, many support materials have been developed. We investigated uniform graphene nanoflake films as a support for catalytic Pt nanoparticles in direct carbon monooxide and formic acid electro-oxidation. Pt nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of graphene films with chemical reduction method. Chemical functionalization of graphene with ethylenediamine enables Pt nanoparticles mobilize on graphene uniformly. By simply changing the loading amount of Pt precursor, various particle sizes were achieved. The particle size of Pt plays prominent role in fuel cell test. The electrochemically active surface area of different sample are 6.3 (5 wt% Pt/G), 4.1 (20 wt% Pt/G), and 3.0 (50 wt% Pt/G) cm2mg-1 corresponding to the particle size 3±1nm, 10±2nm, 20±2nm respectively. The results obtained are ascribed to a uniform network made of 2-4 nm Pt monolayer nanopaticles on the surface of graphene flakes. Graphene will play significant role in developing next-generation advanced Pt based fuel cells and their relevant electrodes in the field of energy.

Pt Nanoparticles Decorated on Fe2O3/N, P-Doped Mesoporous Carbon for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Activity and Durability

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabarinathan Ravichandran ◽  
Narayanamoorthy Bhuvanendran ◽  
Kai Peng ◽  
Weiqi Zhang ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
X Ray

Abstract The Pt–Fe2O3 nanoparticles embedded over N, P-doped carbon (Pt–Fe2O3/NPC) was successfully synthesized by chemical reduction method demonstrating an enhanced electrocatalytic efficacy in alkaline media toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The surface morphology of Pt–Fe2O3/NPC has been characterized by electron microscopy scanning, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy transmission, Raman spectra, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ORR electrocatalytic activity of Pt–Fe2O3/NPC was found to be the superior mass activity of 0.120 mA µg−1, which are almost twice higher than those for Pt–Fe2O3/VC (0.068 mA µg−1) and Pt/C (0.061 mA µg−1) catalysts. The durability tests revealed that the Pt–Fe2O3/NPC exhibited enhanced stability observed from the order of electrochemical active surface area (ECA) loss determined as Pt–Fe2O3/NPC (45.67%) <Pt–Fe2O3/VC (62.5%) <(Pt/C (72.13%) after 5000 cycles. This present investigation unveiled a facile approach to develop the number of active sites with the combination between P–Fe2O3 and N, P-doped carbon for improved electrocatalytic performance toward ORR.

Electrocatalytic performance of sonochemically synthesized Pt–Ni/C nanoparticles in fuel cell application

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Polagani ◽  
Prashant L. Suryawanshi ◽  
Shirish H. Sonawane ◽  
Mahendra Chinthala
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Fuel Cell Application ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Developing high-performance electrocatalysts using simple and controllable methods is of interest to reduce the cost of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. In this study, platinum is alloyed with nickel and supported on carbon (Pt–Ni/C) via an ultrasound-assisted route. The crystallite and particle sizes of the obtained nanoparticles were smaller than the commercial carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles. The sonochemically synthesized Pt–Ni/C nanoparticles exhibited superior electrocatalytic properties than the commercial Pt/C nanoparticles in the fuel cell operation. Electrochemical measurements performed with Pt–Ni/C electrocatalyst displayed excellent oxygen reduction and higher electrochemical active surface area (EASA). Optimum fuel cell performance based on peak power density using Pt–Ni/C electrocatalyst was observed as 0.28 W/cm2 at 0.39 V.

scholarly journals Support effect on electrocatalytic performance of methanol oxidation over platinum catalysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Ke Gu ◽  
JingWei Li ◽  
Jianguo Zhao ◽  
Yajuan Liu ◽  
Jun Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Methanol Oxidation ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Oxidation Activity ◽  
Oxidation Performance

Graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes supported Pt nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by wet chemical reduction method. The structures and methanol oxidation performance of the two catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and electrochemical workstation. The results show that graphene oxide supported Pt nanoparticles exhibits higher electrochemical active surface area, methanol oxidation activity and stability compared with carbon nanotubes. It is proposed that the well dispersed Pt on the graphene oxide plays an important role for the excellent performancefor methanol oxidation.

scholarly journals Preparation and Electrocatalytic Characteristics Research of Pd/C Catalyst for Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Xia Li ◽  
Ming Shuang Liu ◽  
Qun Jie Xu ◽  
Hong Min Mao
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Electrochemical Active Surface Area

Two kinds of carbon-support 20% Pd/C catalysts for use in direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC) have been prepared by an impregnation reduction method using NaBH4and NaH2PO2as reductants, respectively, in this study. The catalysts were characterized by XRD and TEM. The results show that the catalysts had been completely reduced, and the catalysts are spherical and homogeneously dispersed on carbon. The electrocatalytic activity of the catalysts was investigated by electrochemical measurements. The results indicate that the catalysts had an average particle size of 3.3 nm and showed the better catalytic performance, when NaBH4was used as the reducing agent. The electrochemical active surface area of Pd/C (NaBH4) was 56.4 m2·g−1. The electrochemical activity of the Pd/C (NaBH4) was much higher than that of Pd/C (NaH2PO2).

scholarly journals Carbon-supported Platinum Electrocatalysts probed in a Gas Diffusion Setup with Alkaline Environment: how Particle Size and Mesoscopic Environment influence the Degradation Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Alinejad ◽  
Jonathan Quinson ◽  
Johanna Schröder ◽  
Jacob J. K. Kirkensgaard ◽  
Matthias Arenz
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Carbon Support ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Co Stripping ◽  
Large Particles

In this work, we investigate the stability of four different types of Pt/C fuel cell catalysts upon applying accelerated degradation tests (ADTs) in a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) setup equipped with an anion exchange membrane (AEM). In contrast to previous investigations exposing the catalysts to liquid electrolyte, the GDE setup provides a realistic three-phase boundary of the reactant gas, catalyst and ionomer which enables reactant transport rates close to real fuel cells. Therefore, the GDE setup mimics the degradation of the catalyst under more realistic reaction conditions as compared to conventional electrochemical cells. Combining the determination of the loss in electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of the Pt/C catalysts via CO stripping measurements with the change in particle size distribution determined by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements, we demonstrate that i) the degradation mechanism depends on the investigated Pt/C catalyst and might indeed be different to the one observed in conventional electrochemical cells, ii) degradation is increased in an oxygen gas atmosphere (as compared to an inert atmosphere), and iii) the observed degradation mechanism depends on the mesoscopic environment of the active phase. The measurements indicate an increased particle growth if small and large particles are immobilized next to each other on the same carbon support flakes as compared to a simple mix of two catalysts with small and large particles, respectively.

Facile deposition of Pt nanoparticles on Sb-doped SnO2 support with outstanding active surface area for the oxygen reduction reaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2672-2685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhiyaad Mohamed ◽  
Tobias Binninger ◽  
Patricia J. Kooyman ◽  
Armin Hoell ◽  
Emiliana Fabbri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Reduction Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Active Surface Area

Synthesis of Sb–SnO2 supported Pt nanoparticles with an outstanding ECSA for the oxygen reduction reaction.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous ZnO Framework as Dual-Functional Sulfur Host for High-Efficiency Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2267
Author(s):  
Haisheng Han ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Yongguang Zhang ◽  
Arailym Nurpeissova ◽  
Zhumabay Bakenov
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Dual Functional ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
Sulfur Host ◽  
Ordered Macroporous ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

A three-dimensionally ordered macroporous ZnO (3DOM ZnO) framework was synthesized by a template method to serve as a sulfur host for lithium–sulfur batteries. The unique 3DOM structure along with an increased active surface area promotes faster and better electrolyte penetration accelerating ion/mass transfer. Moreover, ZnO as a polar metal oxide has a strong adsorption capacity for polysulfides, which makes the 3DOM ZnO framework an ideal immobilization agent and catalyst to inhibit the polysulfides shuttle effect and promote the redox reactions kinetics. As a result of the stated advantages, the S/3DOM ZnO composite delivered a high initial capacity of 1110 mAh g−1 and maintained a capacity of 991 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 C as a cathode in a lithium–sulfur battery. Even at a high C-rate of 3 C, the S/3DOM ZnO composite still provided a high capacity of 651 mAh g−1, as well as a high areal capacity (4.47 mAh cm−2) under high loading (5 mg cm−2).

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