The Hydrothermal Synthesis of Lithium Iron Phosphate

2006 ◽  
Vol 972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajun Chen ◽  
M. Stanley Whittingham
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Unit Cell Dimensions

AbstractWell-crystalline LiFePO4 particles were successfully prepared in the temperature range between 120 and 220°C, and complete ion ordering was obtained above 175°C where the unit cell dimensions were identical to high temperature material. The use of a soluble reductant, such as sugar or ascorbic acid, was found to minimize the oxidation of the iron to ferric. The electronic conductivity was enhanced by the deposition of carbon from the sugar, or by the addition of carbon nanotubes to the hydrothermal reactor when over 90% of the lithium could be de-intercalated electrochemically. We have extended the hydrothermal synthesis method to the Mn, Co and Ni analogs as well as to the mixed phosphates, such as LiMnyFe1-yPO4.

Polyol Synthesis of Lithium Iron Phosphate with Carbon Nanotubes: Effect of Dispersion on Crystallinity and Electrochemical Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley D. Tennyson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Polyol Synthesis ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Conductive Additive ◽  
Power Capability

ABSTRACTCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been shown to be a viable conductive additive in Li-Ion batteries [1]. By using CNTs battery life, energy, and power capability can all be improved over carbon black, the traditional conductive additive. A significantly smaller weight percentage (5% CNTs) is needed to get the same conductivity as 20% carbon black. Many of the previous efforts found that a combination of conductive additives was most advantageous [2]. Unfortunately many of these efforts did not attend to the unique challenge that dispersing nanotubes presents and used non-optimal methods to disperse CNTs (e.g. ball milling) [3,4]. With poor dispersion a stable and resilient conductive network in the cathode is hard to form with CNTs alone. Here we investigate the formation of LiFePO₄ with CNTs using a polyol process synthesis.

The high-pressure cadmium borate Cd6B22O39·H2O

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Sohr ◽  
Nina Ciaghi ◽  
Klaus Wurst ◽  
Hubert Huppertz
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Temperature Experiment ◽  
Unit Cell Dimensions ◽  
Ir And Raman

AbstractSingle crystals of the hydrous cadmium borate Cd6B22O39·H2O were obtained through a high-pressure/high-temperature experiment at 4.7 GPa and 1000 °C using a Walker-type multianvil apparatus. CdO and partially hydrolyzed B2O3 were used as starting materials. A single crystal X-ray diffraction study has revealed that the structure of Cd6B22O39·H2O is similar to that of the type M6B22O39·H2O (M=Fe, Co). Layers of corner-sharing BO4 groups are interconnected by BO3 groups to form channels containing the metal cations, which are six- and eight-fold coordinated by oxygen atoms. The compound crystallizes in the space group Pnma (no. 62) [R1=0.0379, wR2=0.0552 (all data)] with the unit cell dimensions a=1837.79(5), b=777.92(2), c=819.08(3) pm, and V=1171.00(6) Å3. The IR and Raman spectra reflect the structural characteristics of Cd6B22O39·H2O.

Swelling mechanism of 0%SOC lithium iron phosphate battery at high temperature storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 101791
Author(s):  
Daban Lu ◽  
Shaoxiong Lin ◽  
Wen Cui ◽  
Shuwan Hu ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
High Temperature Storage ◽  
Swelling Mechanism ◽  
Temperature Storage

Olivine electrode engineering impact on the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1656-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenquan Lu ◽  
Andrew Jansen ◽  
Dennis Dees ◽  
Gary Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Composite Electrode ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Discharge Performance ◽  
Energy And Power Density

High energy and power density lithium iron phosphate was studied for hybrid electric vehicle applications. This work addresses the effects of porosity in a composite electrode using a four-point probe resistivity analyzer, galvanostatic cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The four-point probe result indicates that the porosity of composite electrode affects the electronic conductivity significantly. This effect is also observed from the cell's pulse current discharge performance. Compared to the direct current (dc) methods used, the EIS data are more sensitive to electrode porosity, especially for electrodes with low porosity values.

Study on Lithium Iron Batteries Synthesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 460 ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
Dong Mei Zhao ◽  
Xue Peng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Tap Density ◽  
Temperature Heat

The heat treatment temperature on the influence of the material structure and properties is discussed. At 710 °C the synthesis of LiFePO4 crystallization is complete, morphology, and particle size is moderate, which has the best electrochemical performance. Sphere of lithium iron phosphate is synthesized by ethylene glycol solvent under low temperature heat synthesis method, which can give a relatively high tap density of 1.6g•cm-3

scholarly journals Nanomaterials for lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen energy

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 1185-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina A. Stenina ◽  
Andrey B. Yaroslavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Hydrogen Energy

Abstract Development of alternative energy sources is one of the main trends of modern energy technology. Lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells are the most important among them. The increase in the energy and power density is the essential aspect which determined their future development. We provide a brief review of the state of developments in the field of nanosize electrode materials and electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen energy. The presence of relatively inexpensive and abundant elements, safety and low volume change during the lithium intercalation/deintercalation processes enables the application of lithium iron phosphate and lithium titanate as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. At the same time, they exhibit low ionic and electronic conductivity. To overcome this problem the following main approaches have been applied: use of nanosize materials, including nanocomposites, and heterovalent doping. Their impact in the property change is analyzed and discussed. Hybrid membranes containing inorganic nanoparticles enable a significant progress in the fuel cell development. Different approaches to their preparation, the reasons for ion conductivity and selectivity change, as well as the prospects for their application in low-temperature fuel cells are discussed. This review may provide some useful guidelines for development of advanced materials for lithium ion batteries and fuel cells.

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