Study of Diamond Nucleation on Silicon Using Direct Negative Carbon Ion Beam Source

1995 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.W. Ko ◽  
Y.O. Ahn ◽  
M.H. Sohn ◽  
Y. Park ◽  
S.I. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Carbon Ions ◽  
Carbon Ion ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Initial Nucleation ◽  
Carbon Ion Beam

AbstractThe initial nucleation stages of sp3 bonded amorphous diamond on silicon substrates have been investigated. The energy of the incident carbon ions/atoms is understood as a key parameter for the vapor phase formation of amorphous diamond like carbon coatings. SKION's solid state carbon ion source is used for this study. The ion source is UHV compatible and capable of producing a controlled energy ion beam in the energy range of 5-300 eV. In the initial stage of the deposition, carbon is found to be deposited as a silicon carbide up to a thickness of about 180Á at room temperature. Silicon is diffused to the surface and forms SiC. As the energy of the ion beam increases, the formation of silicon carbide becomes apparent. Further carbon ion bombardment then leads to the formation of an sp3 bonded amorphous diamond film. Post-annealing above 900°C leads to the formation of crystalline silicon resulting in a Si-rich SiC surface due to silicon out-diffusion.

Energy distribution of negative carbon ion beam extracted from a plasma-sputter-type negative ion source

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 1122-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Oomori ◽  
T. Kasuya ◽  
M. Wada ◽  
Y. Horino ◽  
N. Tsubouchi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Carbon Ion ◽  
Carbon Ion Beam

A Novel Rectilinear Negative Carbon Ion Beam Source for Large-Area Amorphous Diamond Like Carbon Coatings

1995 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Sohn ◽  
YO. Ahn ◽  
Y.W. Ko ◽  
Y. Park ◽  
S.I. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Beam Source ◽  
Carbon Ion ◽  
Carbon Ion Beam

AbstractA novel rectilinear negative carbon ion beam source for large-area coatings has been developed, based on SKION's Solid State Ion Beam Technology. The negative carbon ion beam is effectively produced by a primary cesium ion bombardment and the secondary negative carbon ion yield has been observed to be about 0.5. The ion source produces a negative carbon ion current density of 0.25 mA/cm2 at the extraction voltage of 4 kV. The ion beam energy can be independently controlled from 0 eV to 300 eV. Due to the rectilinear geometry for the production of ion beams, the scale-up of the ion beam in length direction can be easily obtained with no limit. Furthermore, the ion source uses no gas discharge to generate ion beams and does not use any hydrogen gas. The ion source can be operated in a high vacuum (<10-7 Torr), and the cesium vapors are filtered and recirculated. The ion source produces ultra-hard (50 GPa), atomically smooth (< 1 nm Ra), and hydrogen-free amorphous diamond-like-carbon (DLC) films over large areas.

scholarly journals Time Course Analysis of Genome-Wide Identification of Mutations Induced by and Genes Expressed in Response to Carbon Ion Beam Irradiation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1391
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Ziai Peng ◽  
Qiling Liu ◽  
Guili Yang ◽  
Libin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Carbon Ion ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Post Irradiation ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Carbon Ion Beam

Heavy-ion irradiation is a powerful mutagen and is widely used for mutation breeding. In this study, using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) techniques, we comprehensively characterized these dynamic changes caused by mutations at three time points (48, 96, and 144 h after irradiation) and the expression profiles of rice seeds irradiated with C ions at two doses. Subsequent WGS analysis revealed that more mutations were detected in response to 40 Gy carbon ion beam (CIB) irradiation than 80 Gy of CIB irradiation at the initial stage (48 h post-irradiation). In the mutants generated from both irradiation doses, single-base substitutions (SBSs) were the most frequent type of mutation induced by CIB irradiation. Among the mutations, the predominant ones were C:T and A:G transitions. CIB irradiation also induced many short InDel mutations. RNA-seq analysis at the three time points showed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was highest at 48 h post-irradiation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of the DEGs showed that the “replication and repair” pathway was enriched specifically 48 h post-irradiation. These results indicate that the DNA damage response (DDR) and the mechanism of DNA repair tend to quickly start within the initial stage (48 h) after irradiation.

Mathematical Simulation of the Doses inside Patient Body under Prostate Irradiation with Carbon Ion Beam

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
V. Fedorov ◽  
V. Potetnya ◽  
A. Moiseev ◽  
A. Chernukha ◽  
S. Ulyanenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Secondary Radiation ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Monte Carlo Code ◽  
Carbon Ions ◽  
Carbon Ion ◽  
Carbon Ion Beam

Purpose: The radiotherapy methods using heavy charged particles become popular nowadays due to its high efficiency in treatment of oncological patients. On the other side, the practical application of such particles is deeply connected to the influence of secondary radiation, which is a result of nuclear collisions, that can affect the patients’ tissues and organs outside the treatment field. Doses in the out-of-field volumes should be considered from the standpoint of radiological protection. In this study we perform mathematical simulations of the absorbed dose in various organs under the prostate irradiation with carbon ion beam and compared these dose values with existing reference values from CT procedures, and known radiological protection recommendations against current practice of clinical use of carbon ions. Material and methods: The simulation tool is general application Monte-Carlo code FLUKA widely used for ionizing radiation transport modeling and simulations in radiological protection field. The patient model is one of the most detailed voxelized anthropomorphic phantom Vishum. During the simulation the absorbed dose of segmented organs has been assessed under the spread-out Bragg peak of carbon ions uniformly covering the prostate with the physical dose. The resulted dose in organs is normalized to the prostate dose. This is the qualitative assessment of radiation treatment procedure which allowed us to analyze the out-of-field doses in distant organs from the viewpoint of radiological protection in ion beam therapy, following existing ICRP Publication 127 guidelines. Results: The results show that the levels of dose due to prostate irradiation in the regimes widely used in the world practice are two level of magnitude lower than dose levels under the full body CT examination, and are comparable to the aircraft crew doses. Conclusion: Thus, the obtained results might be interested from the risks assessment point of view, including the secondary radiation-induced cancers or other observable or expected treatment effects.

scholarly journals The Emerging Potential of Multi-Ion Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Ebner ◽  
Steven J. Frank ◽  
Taku Inaniwa ◽  
Shigeru Yamada ◽  
Toshiyuki Shirai
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
The United States ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Fast Neutrons ◽  
Carbon Ions ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Carbon Ion ◽  
Carbon Ion Beam ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
High Linear Energy Transfer

Research into high linear energy transfer (LET) radiotherapy now spans over half a century, beginning with helium and deuteron treatment in 1952 and today ranging from fast neutrons to carbon-ions. Owing to pioneering work initially in the United States and thereafter in Germany and Japan, increasing focus is on the carbon-ion beam: 12 centers are in operation, with five under construction and three in planning. While the carbon-ion beam has demonstrated unique and promising suitability in laboratory and clinical trials toward the hypofractionated treatment of hypoxic and/or radioresistant cancer, substantial developmental potential remains. Perhaps most notable is the ability to paint LET in a tumor, theoretically better focusing damage delivery within the most resistant areas. However, the technique may be limited in practice by the physical properties of the beams themselves. A heavy-ion synchrotron may provide irradiation with multiple heavy-ions: carbon, helium, and oxygen are prime candidates. Each ion varies in LET distribution, and so a methodology combining the use of multiple ions into a uniform LET distribution within a tumor may allow for even greater treatment potential in radioresistant cancer.

Evaluation of DNA Damage Response After Carbon-Ion Beam Irradiation in p53-Mutant Cancer Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. S786
Author(s):  
N. Amornwichet ◽  
T. Oike ◽  
M. Komachi ◽  
M. Isono ◽  
H. Ogiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Dna Damage Response ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Ion Beam Irradiation ◽  
Carbon Ion ◽  
Damage Response ◽  
Carbon Ion Beam

MeV Self Ion Beam Induced Amorphisation of Silicon Carbide Surfaces and Its Effect on Their Trdbomechanical Propertdzs

1991 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Sood ◽  
V. C. Nath ◽  
Yang Xi
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Raman Scattering ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Steel Ball ◽  
Carbon Ions ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Tribomechanical Properties

ABSTRACTAmorphisation of sintered SiC by bombardment with self (C, Si) ions has been studied. Ion doses ranged from 1×1015 to 1×1017 ions/cm2; and ion energy was varied from 0.09 to 5 MeV. Amorphisation was detected by micro-focus Raman scattering. Tribomechanical properties-friction and wear were studied with a high precision pin (steel ball) and disc (implanted) machine. Results show substantial improvements in friction and wear, which persist to a large number of cycles. Tribomechanical properties are shown to correlate with surface amorphisation and carburisation. Carbon ions are found to be much more effective than Si ions (with similar damage distributions) in reducing friction and wear.

MICRODOSIMETRIC STUDY AT THE CNAO ACTIVE-SCANNING CARBON-ION BEAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 180 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Colautti ◽  
V Conte ◽  
A Selva ◽  
S Chiriotti ◽  
A Pola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Carbon Ion ◽  
Carbon Ion Beam ◽  
Active Scanning
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