Effect of the Pore Formation on the Solution Flow through Acrylamide Gel

1999 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tamagawa ◽  
S. Popovic ◽  
M. Taya
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Pore Formation ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Gelation Temperature ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Pore Volume Fraction ◽  
Flow Through

AbstractA simple synthesis method of porous acrylamide gel is proposed. Pore formation in gel body is dominated by the amount of polymerization initiator, accelerator and gelation temperature. We investigated the influence of these factors on the number and the size of pores. Gelation temperature control is the easiest and the most effective way to create a number of large pores in a gel body. We also investigated the pore volume fraction dependence of solution flow through the gels. Solution flow rate was found to be promoted with the increase of pore volume fraction.

Dynamics of two-metal codeposition inside a flow-through porous electrode at a high solution flow rate

2012 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 126-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Masliy ◽  
N.P. Poddubny ◽  
A.Zh. Medvedev ◽  
A.G. Belobaba ◽  
B.B. Bokhonov
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Porous Electrode ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Flow Through

Utilization of Waste of Enzymes Biomass as Biosorbent for the Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solution in Batch and Fluidized Bed Column

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Salman H. Abbas ◽  
Younis M. Younis ◽  
Mohammed K. Hussain ◽  
Firas Hashim Kamar ◽  
Gheorghe Nechifor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Flow

The biosorption performance of both batch and liquid-solid fluidized bed operations of dead fungal biomass type (Agaricusbisporus ) for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution was investigated. In batch system, the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of dead fungal biomass were evaluated. In fluidized bed system, the experiments were conducted to study the effects of important parameters such as particle size (701-1400�m), initial dye concentration(10-100 mg/L), bed depth (5-15 cm) and solution flow rate (5-20 ml/min) on breakthrough curves. In batch method, the experimental data was modeled using several models (Langmuir,Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkviechmodels) to study equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data followed Langmuir model and the results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was (28.90, 24.15, 21.23 mg/g) at mean particle size (0.786, 0.935, 1.280 mm) respectively. In Fluidized-bed method, the results show that the total ion uptake and the overall capacity will be decreased with increasing flow rate and increased with increasing initial concentrations, bed depth and decreasing particle size.

Estimation of porosity, fluid bulk modulus, and stiff-pore volume fraction using a multi-trace Bayesian AVO petrophysics inversion in multi-porosity reservoirs

Geophysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-101
Author(s):  
Kun Li ◽  
Xingyao Yin ◽  
Zhaoyun Zong ◽  
Dario Grana
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Modulus ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Wave Reflection ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Pore Volume Fraction ◽  
Pp Wave ◽  
Matrix Shear

The estimation of petrophysical and fluid-filling properties of subsurface reservoirs from seismic data is a crucial component of reservoir characterization. Seismic amplitude variation with offset (AVO) inversion driven by rock physics is an effective approach to characterize reservoir properties. Generally, PP-wave reflection coefficients, elastic moduli and petrophysical parameters are nonlinearly coupled, especially in the multiple type pore-space reservoirs, which makes seismic AVO petrophysics inversion ill-posed. We propose a new approach that combines Biot-Gassmann’s poro-elasticity theory with Russell’s linear AVO approximation, to estimate the reservoir properties including elastic moduli and petrophysical parameters based on multi-trace probabilistic AVO inversion algorithm. We first derive a novel PP-wave reflection coefficient formulation in terms of porosity, stiff-pore volume fraction, rock matrix shear modulus, and fluid bulk modulus to incorporate the effect of pore structures on elastic moduli by considering the soft and stiff pores with different aspect ratios in sandstone reservoirs. Through the analysis of the four types of PP-wave reflection coefficients, the approximation accuracy and inversion feasibility of the derived formulation are verified. The proposed stochastic inversion method aims to predict the posterior probability density function in a Bayesian setting according to a prior Laplace distribution with vertical correlation and prior Gaussian distribution with lateral correlation of model parameters. A Metropolis-Hastings stochastic sampling algorithm with multiple Markov chains is developed to simulate the posterior models of porosity, stiff-pore volume fraction, rock-matrix shear modulus, and fluid bulk modulus from seismic AVO gathers. The applicability and validity of the proposed inversion method is illustrated with synthetic examples and a real data application.

scholarly journals Pellet Softening Process for the Removal of the Groundwater Hardness; Modelling and Experimentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatin Abdul_kareem Ashoor ◽  
Amer D. Zmat ◽  
Muthanna H. AlDahhan
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Pellet Size ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Softening Process ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium Ions

A lab scale pellet reactor (PR) was designed and fabricated to carry out extensive investigations on the removal efficiency of the hardness of groundwater.  The groundwater of 2200 – 2600 mg/L hardness was collected from Abdulla Ibnalhassan wells area located at the west desert of Al-Shinafiyah district (70 km to the southwest of Al-Dewaniyah city, Iraq). Both hydrodynamic parameters of the pellet reactor (porosity and fluidized bed height) and the parameters of calcium carbonate crystallization process (calcium carbonate equilibrium, pellet size, and density) were modeled and compared with the experimental results of the lab scale pellet reactor. The comparison showed that fair agreement between modeled and measured results was observed. The removal efficiency of both calcium and magnesium ions were 62.5-99% and 83-99% respectively. The removal efficiency was found to be strongly dependent on pH and the ratio of NaOH solution flow rate to the groundwater flow rate in the pellet reactor.

scholarly journals Encapsulation of Menthol in Beeswax by a Supercritical Fluid Technique

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linjing Zhu ◽  
Hongqiao Lan ◽  
Bingjing He ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Saturated Solution ◽  
Narrow Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Expansion Temperature

Encapsulation of menthol in beeswax was prepared by a modified particles from gas-saturated solutions (PGSS) process with controlling the gas-saturated solution flow rate. Menthol/beeswax particles with size in the range of 2–50 μm were produced. The effects of the process conditions, namely, the pre-expansion pressure, pre-expansion temperature, gas-saturated solution flow rate, and menthol composition, on the particle size, particle size distribution, and menthol encapsulation rate were investigated. Results indicated that in the range of studied conditions, increase of the pressure, decrease of the gas-saturated solution flow rate, and decrease of the menthol mass fraction can decrease the particle size and narrow particle size distribution of the produced menthol/beeswax microparticles. An N2-blowing method was proposed to measure the menthol release from the menthol/beeswax microparticles. Results showed that the microparticles have obvious protection of menthol from its volatilization loss.

scholarly journals Neutralization Dialysis for Phenylalanine and Mineral Salt Separation. Simple Theory and Experiment

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Kozmai ◽  
Elena Goleva ◽  
Vera Vasil’eva ◽  
Victor Nikonenko ◽  
Natalia Pismenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Strong Electrolyte ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Hydrodynamic Mode

A simple non-steady state mathematical model is proposed for the process of purification of an amino acid solution from mineral salts by the method of neutralization dialysis (ND), carried out in a circulating hydrodynamic mode. The model takes into account the characteristics of membranes (thickness, exchange capacity and electric conductivity) and solution (concentration and components nature) as well as the solution flow rate in dialyzer compartments. In contrast to the known models, the new model considers a local change in the ion concentration in membranes and the adjacent diffusion layers. In addition, the model takes into consideration the ability of the amino acid to enter the protonation/deprotonation reactions. A comparison of the results of simulations with experimental data allows us to conclude that the model adequately describes the ND of a strong electrolyte (NaCl) and amino acid (phenylalanine) mixture solutions in the case where the diffusion ability of amino acids in membranes is much less, than mineral salts. An example shows the application of the model to predict the fluxes of salt ions through ion exchange membranes as well as pH of the desalination solution at a higher than in experiments flow rate of solutions in ND dialyzer compartments.

scholarly journals Surface and Morphological Investigation of Synthesized Nanostructured Ridges from Electrospun Polyvinyl Alcohol-Albumin Blend—A Taguchi Design of Experiment Approach

Fibers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Jopeth Ramis ◽  
Bryan Pajarito ◽  
Crisneil Natividad ◽  
Mark Jared Van Ocampo ◽  
Crizaldy Tugade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Taguchi Design ◽  
Root Mean Square Roughness ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Taguchi Design Of Experiment

We report the synthesis of presumably a “nanoridge” from the electrospinning of a hydrophilic polymer–protein blend. The material exhibits vertical elevation from the substrate, distinct from the morphologies seen in electrospinning. It is hypothesized that the formation of the nanostructured ridges is due to the migration of the charged protein to the apex through a highly polarized electric field in electrospinning conditions. In this study, we assessed the polyvinyl alcohol–egg albumin (PVA–EA) system in a solvent comprising of water, formic and acetic acid, together with the tip-to-collector distance (TCD) and solution flowrate. To quantify the factor effects in the surface properties of the material, a Taguchi design of experiment was used. The ridge heights observed ranged from 84.8–639.9 nm, and the material height is predominantly affected by the PVA–EA ratio and solution flow rate. The root mean square roughness was influenced by the TCD and flow rate, which has values ranging from 11.37–57.56 nm. In evaluating the sharpness of the ridge, we used the radius of curvature, where the TCD highly affects the apex sharpness. The work offers not just a likely new class of morphology, but a new perspective on the surface characterization of an electrospun material which could affect the performance of such a use in biological and physical systems.

scholarly journals Investigation on the Regeneration Performance of a New Mixed Liquid Desiccant Solution in Falling Film Regenerator

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (22) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Tao Wen ◽  
Dan Zhong ◽  
Yuanhao Wang ◽  
Yimo Luo
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Falling Film ◽  
Liquid Desiccant ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Selection Of

The present study firstly developed a new kind of mixed liquid desiccant for the purpose of causticity reduction on metal based regenerator. The formula of the mixed liquid desiccant is 25% LiCl + 39% hydroxyethyl urea + 36% water. Experimental results show that the causticity of the mixed solution is much less severe than that of conventional LiCl solution. The regeneration rate increases with the increase of air flow rate and solution temperature and decreases with the increase of air inlet humidity. The air temperature and solution flow rate has negligible influence on the regeneration performance. The present study provides a practical alternative for the selection of liquid desiccant and also give useful guidance for the design of regenerator.

The Development of Electrospinning Apparatus to Fabricate Nanofiber for Future Material Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 244-247
Author(s):  
Pattarinee Klumdoung ◽  
Piyapong Pankaew
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Syringe Pump ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Solution Flow

This research examines the development of a low cost mobile electrospinning system for fabricating nanofiber. The electrospinning system developed in this study consists of a horizontal needle arrangement and a motor which supports the working system that controls the solution flow rate without an external syringe pump. In order to discover the equipment operating conditions for nanofiber fabrication, the distance from the needle to the target was studied. A PVA solution of 8wt% was used and voltage was applied at 13 kV. The needle to target distances were varied from 8-18 cm. At a distance of 10 cm, the SEM images showed that the smallest diameter of the fiber was 119 nm. The average diameter was in the range of 119-240 nm. Concentrations of the 3 different solutions of PVA, PEO and PCL with the variation of voltage at each concentration were studied. The results show the diameter of PVA at 8 wt% and 12%wt are in the range of 127-197 nm and 222-402 nm, respectively. The diameter of PCL solution at a 20 wt% concentration is in the range of 32-60 nm. PEO at 2 wt% and 4wt% was not able to form as a fiber.

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