The Effect of Carbon Black and Colloidal Silica Fillers on the Fracture Toughness at Polymethylmethacrylate Interfaces

2001 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mordechai J. Bronner ◽  
Anshul A. Shah ◽  
Hyun-Joong Kim ◽  
Dennis G. Peiffer ◽  
Miriam Rafailovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Carbon Black Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Limited ◽  
Silica Fillers ◽  
Cross Links

ABSTRACTWe have measured the fracture toughness of PMMA slabs with carbon black and colloidal silica fillers placed at the interface. The results show that the fracture toughness decreases linearly with carbon black concentration. The fracture toughness scales as annealing time, t1/2 indicating that it is diffusion limited. Addition of Colloidal Silica drastically reduces the fracture toughness regardless of concentration and annealing time. These results indicate that carbon black introduces physical cross links which decrease dynamics whereas colloidal silica produces permanent chemical cross links which prevent diffusion across the interface.

The effect of carbon black and colloidal silica fillers on interfacial adhesion at polystyrene interfaces

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 817-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mordechai J. Bronner ◽  
Xuesong Hu ◽  
Miriam Rafailovich ◽  
Jonathan Sokolov ◽  
Anshul A. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Silica Fillers

scholarly journals Bound (“Glassy”) Rubber as a Free Radical Cross-linked Rubber Layer on a Carbon Black

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Kondyurin ◽  
Anastasia Eliseeva ◽  
Alexander Svistkov
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Carbon Filler ◽  
Free Radical Reactions ◽  
Rubber Layer ◽  
Ion Beam Implantation ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
The Cross

A model of rubber with a cross-linked rubber layer on a carbon black filler has been proposed. The cross-links are the result of free radical reactions generated by carbon atoms with unpaired electrons at the edge of graphitic sheets in a carbon black filler. The experimental study of the cross-linking reactions in polyisoprene was done on a flat carbonized surface after ion beam implantation. The cross-linking process in the polyisoprene macromolecules between two particles was simulated. The model with a cross-linked rubber layer on a carbon filler as a “glassy layer” explains the mechanical properties of the rubber materials.

scholarly journals Electrical Behaviour of a Carbon Black-Filled Polymer-Based Concrete

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 096369359600500
Author(s):  
L. Rejón ◽  
R. Flores ◽  
M. A. Ponce ◽  
V.M. Castaño
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Electrical Behaviour ◽  
Filled Polymer ◽  
Carbon Black Concentration ◽  
Before And After

The electrical performance (current, I vs. voltage, V) of a novel polymer-based composite, modified with varying amounts of carbon black, was studied. Distinctive regimens of the I vs. V curves, before and after a critical carbon black concentration, were found and the feasible mechanisms for such behaviour are discussed.

scholarly journals Magnetic composites based on NR and strontium ferrite

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Ján Kruželák ◽  
Andrea Kvasničáková ◽  
Rastislav Dosoudil ◽  
Ivan Hudec
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Strontium Ferrite ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Magnetic Composites ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
Cross Link Density ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Thermo Physical Properties

Abstract Two types of composites based on natural rubber (NR) and strontium ferrite were tested in this study. Composites of the first type were prepared by incorporation of strontium ferrite in the concentration range ranging from 0 to 100 phr (parts per hundred rubber) into pure NR based rubber matrix, while with those of the second type, strontium ferrite was dosed in the same concentration level into NR based rubber batch with constant amount of carbon black — 25 phr. For rubber matrices cross-linking, a standard sulfur based curing system was used. This work is focused on the effect of magnetic filler content on physico-mechanical, magnetic and thermo-physical properties of composite materials. Subsequently, the cross-link density and the structure of the formed sulfidic cross-links were examined. The results showed that the cross-link density of both types of composites increased with the increasing content of magnetic filler, while the structure of the sulfidic cross-links was almost not influenced by the amount of strontium ferrite. Tensile strength of rubber composites with pure rubber matrix was slightly improved by the incorporation of ferrite, while in case of composites based on a carbon black batch, the incorporation of magnetic filler resulted in the decrease of this characteristic. The presence of magnetic filler in both types of composites leads to a significant increase of the remanent magnetic induction.

Effect of Mechanical Shear on the Structure of Carbon Black in Reinforced Elastomers

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Gessler
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Related Result ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Aggregate Structure ◽  
Carbon Black Concentration ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Total Structure ◽  
High Structure ◽  
High Shearing

Abstract The primary aggregate structure in high structure blacks is broken down when the blacks are milled in rubber. The breakdown, it is shown further, involves the disruption initially of more easily disrupted forces, and then subsequently of more difficultly disrupted forces. If the total structure breakdown is segmented accordingly, one finds that carbon blacks differ markedly in the proportion of the breakdown which occurs in each segment. But only the breakage of more difficultly disrupted structure is identified with chemical changes in the black and with concomitantly increased carbon—polymer interaction activity, i.e., with enhanced reinforcement. In studying the breakage of aggregate black structure which occurs when the blacks are milled in rubber, the following factors are considered: (1) Carbon Black Concentration: Breakage increases continuously, though not steadily, with carbon black concentration. This result is used to emphasize the merits of concentrated black masterbatching as the means for producing high quality products from SBR, BR, and EPDM rubbers. (2) Carbon Black Structure: Taking the total structure breakage over a broad range of carbon black concentrations, the extent of the breakage increases with the extent of the primary aggregate structure in the original black. (3) Polymer Viscosity or Molecular Weight: The extent to which breakage occurs on milling increases with the polymer viscosity or molecular weight. Since this result clearly cites the need for high shearing forces during milling, the severe limitations which must attend the use of plasticizing oils is implied. (4) Open Mill vs Banbury Mixing: The extent to which breakage occurs in the Banbury is significantly less than that on the two roll mill. Evidence is presented to show that this, clearly, is a temperature related result and, as in (3) above, that the magnitude of the shearing forces is the critical factor.

Factors towards Pencil Scratch Resistance of Protective Sol-Gel Coatings on Polycarbonate Substrate

2006 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Chwa ◽  
Linda Wu ◽  
Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Elasticity Modulus ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Indentation Hardness ◽  
Pencil Hardness ◽  
Film Cracking ◽  
Polycarbonate Substrate

Sol-gel coatings with different amount of colloidal silica were prepared on polycarbonate substrate. The scratch resistance was measured by the pencil hardness test based on ASTM Standard D3363-00. The indentation hardness, elasticity modulus and fracture toughness of the coatings were also characterized and correlated to the observed pencil hardness. The scratch failure was found to be due to film cracking at the trailing end. Based on such an observation, the current analysis points out that the main factors towards scratch resistance are elasticity modulus, thickness and fracture toughness of the film.

Mechanical Properties of Toughened Polyester Reinforced with Untreated and Treated Kenaf Hybird Carbon Composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 894 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Noor Najmi Bonnia ◽  
Aein Afina Redzuan ◽  
Siti Norasmah Surip ◽  
Noor Azlina Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Fracture Toughness Testing ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Toughness Testing

This research focusing on mechanical properties of rubber toughened polyester filled carbon black (RPCB) reinforced with untreated kenaf (RPCBUK) and treated kenaf (RPCBTK). The samples were fabricated via compression moulding technique in which 3 % of LNR was added as toughening agent in this composite. Percentages of carbon black (CB) is 4 % and kenaf used vary from 5,10,15,20 and 25wt %. The mechanical properties were evaluated by impact and fracture toughness testing. The result for each test was discussed to determine the most optimum loading of kenaf fibre used to produce the best properties of composite. Untreated hybrid composite showed improvement on impact strength as compared to RPCB composite. RPCBTK with 25% of kenaf and RPCBUK with 5% of kenaf loading give the highest impact strength among the hybrid composites, approaching the strength of neat polyester. Same trend shows by fracture toughness testing. The microstructures of the composites’ fracture surface images from scanning electron microscope (SEM) prove the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document