scholarly journals Deformation and fracture characteristics of zirconium plate produced via ultrasonic additive manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb P. Massey ◽  
Nitish Bibhanshu ◽  
Maxim N. Gussev ◽  
Cody J. Havrilak ◽  
Andrew T. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Fracture Characteristics ◽  
Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Deformation And Fracture ◽  
Deformation Modes

AbstractThe microstructural evolution, deformation modes, and fracture mechanisms of zirconium plate produced using ultrasonic additive manufacturing (UAM) are presented. In addition to conventional tensile testing techniques, digital image correlation captured highly variable strain accumulation in specimens loaded perpendicular or parallel to the build height (Z). When tested in parallel to Z, delamination at prior foil/foil interfaces creates strain localization noticeable in strain rate maps, whereas specimens loaded perpendicular to Z illustrate conventional strain hardening until necking accelerates delamination. Although bond strengths are statistically and spatially variable, in situ electron backscattering diffraction tests illustrate the ability for grains near interfaces to accommodate strain with twinning and slip modes consistent with conventionally produced zirconium alloys. Finally, mixtures of ductile and delamination-induced fracture highlight the interface-driven failure modes of UAM zirconium plate in the as-built condition. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals In-situ digital image correlation for fracture analysis of oxides formed on zirconium alloys

2016 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 344-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Platt ◽  
D. Lunt ◽  
E. Polatidis ◽  
M.R. Wenman ◽  
M. Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Fracture Analysis ◽  
Image Correlation

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Low-Carbon High-Strength Steel Fabricated by Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Laibo Sun ◽  
Fengchun Jiang ◽  
Ruisheng Huang ◽  
Ding Yuan ◽  
Chunhuan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Taylor Factor ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Experimental Fact ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

Wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is a novel technique for fabricating large and complex components applied in the manufacturing industry. In this study, a low-carbon high-strength steel component deposited by WAAM for use in ship building was obtained. Its microstructure and mechanical properties as well as fracture mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that the microstructure consisted of an equiaxed zone, columnar zone, and inter-layer zone, while the phases formed in different parts of the deposited component were different due to various thermal cycles and cooling rates. The microhardness of the bottom and top varied from 290 HV to 260 HV, caused by temperature gradients and an inhomogeneous microstructure. Additionally, the tensile properties in transversal and longitudinal orientations show anisotropy characteristics, which was further investigated using a digital image correlation (DIC) method. This experimental fact indicated that the longitudinal tensile property has an inferior performance and tends to cause stress concentrations in the inter-layer areas due to the inclusion of more inter-layer zones. Furthermore, electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) was applied to analyze the difference in Taylor factor between the inter-layer area and deposited area. The standard deviation of the Taylor factor in the inter-layer area was determined to be 0.907, which was larger than that in the deposited area (0.865), indicating nonuniform deformation and local stress concentration occurred in inter-layer area. Finally, as observed from the fracture morphology on the fractured surface of the sample, anisotropy was also approved by the comparison of the transversal and longitudinal tensile specimens.

scholarly journals Challenges and Accomplishments in Mechanical Testing Instrumented by In Situ Techniques: Infrared Thermography, Digital Image Correlation, and Acoustic Emission

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6718
Author(s):  
Aleksander Sendrowicz ◽  
Aleksander Omholt Myhre ◽  
Seweryn Witold Wierdak ◽  
Alexei Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Deformation And Fracture ◽  
Fracture Of Materials ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Fracture Processes

A current trend in mechanical testing technologies is to equip researchers and industrial practitioners with the facilities for non-destructive characterisation of the deformation and fracture processes occurring on different scales. The synergistic effect of such a combination of destructive and non-destructive techniques both widens and deepens existing knowledge in the field of plasticity and fracture of materials and provides the feedback sought to develop new non-destructive testing approaches and in situ monitoring techniques with enhanced reliability, accuracy and a wider scope of applications. The macroscopic standardised mechanical testing is still dominant in the research laboratories and industrial sector worldwide. The present paper reviews multiple challenges commonly faced by experimentalists, aiming at enhancing the capability of conventional mechanical testing by a combination of contemporary infrared thermography (IRT), rapid video imaging (RVI) with non-contact strain mapping possibilities enabled by the digital image correlation (DIC) method, and the acoustic emission (AE) technique providing unbeatable temporal resolution of the stochastic defect dynamics under load. Practical recommendations to address these challenges are outlined. A versatile experimental setup uniting the unique competencies of all named techniques is described alone with the fascinating possibilities it offers for the comprehensive characterisation of damage accumulation during plastic deformation and fracture of materials. The developed toolbox comprising practical hardware and software solutions brings together measuring technologies, data, and processing in a single place. The proposed methodology focuses on the characterisation of the thermodynamics, kinematics and dynamics of the deformation and fracture processes occurring on different spatial and temporal scales. The capacity of the proposed combination is illustrated using preliminary results on the tensile and fatigue behaviour of the fcc Inconel-625 alloy used as a representative example. Dissipative processes occurring in this alloy are assessed through the complex interplay between the released heat, acoustic emission waves, and expended and stored elastic energy.

scholarly journals Tensile deformation and fracture mechanisms of Cu/Nb nanolaminates studied by in situ TEM mechanical tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Liu ◽  
M.A. Monclús ◽  
L.W. Yang ◽  
M. Castillo-Rodríguez ◽  
J.M. Molina-Aldareguía ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
In Situ Tem ◽  
Deformation And Fracture

scholarly journals Tensile Deformation and Fracture Behaviors of a Nickel-Based Superalloy via In Situ Digital Image Correlation and Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Tomography

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhu ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Chuanjie Wang ◽  
Heyong Qin ◽  
Peng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Deformation And Fracture ◽  
Fracture Behaviors

Nickel-based superalloys have become key materials for turbine disks and other aerospace components due to their excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures. Mechanical properties of nickel-based superalloys are closely related to their microstructures. Various heat treatment processes were conducted to obtain the desired microstructures of a nickel-based superalloy in this study. The effect of the initial microstructures on the tensile deformation and fracture behaviors was investigated via in situ digital image correlation (DIC) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomography (SRXT). The results showed that the size and volume fraction of γ″ and γ′ phases increased with the aging time. The yield strength and the ultimate tensile strength increased due to the precipitation strengthening at the expense of ductility. The surface strain analysis showed severely inhomogeneous deformation. The local strains at the edge of specimens were corresponded to higher void densities. The fracture of carbides occurred owing to the stress concentration, which was caused by the dislocation accumulation. The fracture mode was dimple coalescence ductile fracture.

scholarly journals In Situ Monitoring of Additive Manufacturing Using Digital Image Correlation: A Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1511
Author(s):  
Filipa G. Cunha ◽  
Telmo G. Santos ◽  
José Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Digital Image Correlation ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Full Field ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Am Processes

This paper is a critical review of in situ full-field measurements provided by digital image correlation (DIC) for inspecting and enhancing additive manufacturing (AM) processes. The principle of DIC is firstly recalled and its applicability during different AM processes systematically addressed. Relevant customisations of DIC in AM processes are highlighted regarding optical system, lighting and speckled pattern procedures. A perspective is given in view of the impact of in situ monitoring regarding AM processes based on target subjects concerning defect characterisation, evaluation of residual stresses, geometric distortions, strain measurements, numerical modelling validation and material characterisation. Finally, a case study on in situ measurements with DIC for wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is presented emphasizing opportunities, challenges and solutions.

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