ESTIMASI NILAI HERITABILITAS BOBOT IKAN MAS VARIETAS PUNTEN DALAM PROGRAM SELEKSI INDIVIDU

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Estu Nugroho ◽  
Budi Setyono ◽  
Mochammad Su’eb ◽  
Tri Heru Prihadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Base Population ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Body Weight Trait ◽  
Population Selection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Weight Trait ◽  
Selection Of

Program pemuliaan ikan mas varietas Punten dilakukan dengan seleksi individu terhadap karakter bobot ikan. Pembentukan populasi dasar untuk kegiatan seleksi dilakukan dengan memijahkan secara massal induk ikan mas yang terdiri atas 20 induk betina dan 21 induk jantan yang dikoleksi dari daerah Punten, Kepanjen (delapan betina dan enam jantan), Kediri (tujuh betina dan 12 jantan), Sragen (27 betina dan 10 jantan), dan Blitar (15 betina dan 11 jantan). Larva umur 10 hari dipelihara selama empat bulan. Selanjutnya dilakukan penjarangan sebesar 50% dan benih dipelihara selama 14 bulan untuk dilakukan seleksi dengan panduan hasil sampling 250 ekor individu setiap populasi. Seleksi terhadap calon induk dilakukan saat umur 18 bulan pada populasi jantan dan betina secara terpisah dengan memilih berdasarkan 10% bobot ikan yang terbaik. Calon induk yang terseleksi kemudian dipelihara hingga matang gonad, kemudian dipilih sebanyak 150 pasang dan dipijahkan secara massal. Didapatkan respons positif dari hasil seleksi berdasarkan bobot ikan, yaitu 49,89 g atau 3,66% (populasi ikan jantan) dan 168,47 g atau 11,43% (populasi ikan betina). Nilai heritabilitas untuk bobot ikan adalah 0,238 (jantan) dan 0,505 (betina).Punten carp breeding programs were carried out by individual selection for body weight trait. The base population for selection activities were conducted by mass breeding of parent consisted of 20 female and 21 male collected from area Punten, eight female and six male (Kepanjen), seven female and 12 male (Kediri), 27 female and 10 male (Sragen), 15 female and 11 male (Blitar). Larvae 10 days old reared for four moths. Then after spacing out 50% of total harvest, the offspring reared for 14 months for selection activity based on the sampling of 250 individual each population. Selection of broodstock candidates performed since 18 months age on male and female populations separately by selecting based on 10% of fish with best body weight. Candidates selected broodstocks were then maintained until mature. In oder to produce the next generation 150 pairs were sets and held for mass spawning. The results revealed that selection response were positive, 49.89 g (3.66%) for male and 168.47 (11.43%) for female. Heritability for body weight is 0.238 (male) and 0.505 (female).

EFFECT OF SELECTION ON FEED UTILIZATION AND CARCASS SCORE EN SWINE

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. BERNARD ◽  
M. H. FAHMY
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Population Selection ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Differentials

Selection for feed utilization (FU) and carcass score (CS) based on full sib performance was practiced within three lines of Yorkshire pigs during ten generations. Line 1 was selected solely for FU, line 2 for CS and line 3 for the two traits combined in an index. Line 2 served as a control for lines 1 and 3 in FU and line 1 as a control for lines 2 and 3 in CS. Feed utilization was expressed as the amount of feed required per kilogram body weight gain. Carcass score was based on length, backfat thickness, loin eye area and belly grade measured on pigs marketed at 90 kg liveweight. Selection differentials for FU averaged 0.198 and 0.208 kg per generation for lines 1 and 3, respectively, while CS differentials were 7.2 and 7.4 points per generation for lines 2 and 3, respectively. Heritability estimates based on full sib performance and converted to individual bases were 0.16 for FU and 0.43 for CS. The phenotypic correlation between the two traits was −0.25 and the genetic correlation −0.55. Responses to selection for FU were 0.09 and 0.24 kg per generation for lines 1 and 3, respectively, while for CS they were 0.77 and 0.97 points for lines 2 and 3, respectively. Compared with the parental means, this represented a genetic improvement of 0.25 and 0.66% per generation for FU in lines 1 and 3, and 1.06 and 1.33% per generation for CS in lines 2 and 3, respectively. The realized responses in lines 1 and 3 to selection for FU Were 58 and 148% of the expectation, and 58 and 72% for lines 2 and 3 in CS. Due to larger selection differentials in line 3, along with a strong positive genetic correlation between the two traits observed in this particular population, selection for the combined traits was 1.35 and 1.10% more effective in improving FU and CS, respectively, than selection for these traits individually.

scholarly journals Selection of Tomato and Cucumber Accessions for Waterlogging Sensitivity through Morpho-Physiological Assessment at an Early Vegetative Stage

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1490
Author(s):  
Anna Kołton ◽  
Kinga Kęska ◽  
Małgorzata Czernicka
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Physiological Assessment ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Waterlogging anomalies have recently increased, causing a reduction in yield and the loss of billions of dollars. Plant selection for increased tolerance to stress factors requires parameters with high sensitivity, as well as fast and inexpensive measurements. The aim of this study was to select tomato and cucumber accessions that reveal sensitivity and tolerance to waterlogging stress at an early vegetative stage. The selection of effective criteria for assessing plants was also an important issue. A total of 19 cucumber (including four highly homozygous) and 16 tomato accessions were evaluated, and plants with three true leaves were examined. The root zone of stressed plants was waterlogged for 7 days in a deep container. Morphological and physiological characteristics were obtained after 7 days of treatment and used for cluster analysis for discrimination of tolerant and sensitive accessions. Significant decreases in Fv/F0, Fv/Fm, Area, PI ABS, ET0/ABS, and ET0/TR0 parameters, as well as increases in DI0/RC, were observed in sensitive accessions, with no changes in tolerant plants. The OJIP test parameters (Fv/F0, PI ABS, DI0/RC, and Area) were more sensitive in selecting for waterlogging stress than Fv/Fm. The present research can be used in breeding programs. Selected accessions will support a detailed explanation of the physiological differences in response to waterlogging stress in tomato and cucumber plants.

scholarly journals Two-way within-family and mass selection for 8-week body weight in different mouse populations

1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines von Butler ◽  
Henning Willeke ◽  
Franz Pirchner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Individual Selection ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Size At Birth ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYTwo mouse populations, randombred albino mice and a cross of four inbred strains, were divergently selected for high (H8) and low (L8) 8-week body weight over 18 generations using within-family and individual selection. The crossbreds showed asymmetry of selection response and realized heritabilities (H8 0·29 ± 0·01; L8 0·17 ± 0·01). In the randombred population realized heritabilities were symmetrical (H8 0·23 ± 0·01; L8 0·22 ± 0·02). Over the first nine generations individual selection was nearly 40 per cent better than within-family selection, as was expected from the full sib correlation in both populations. As selection progressed, within-family selection reached 82% and 61% of the responses obtained with individual selection in the crossbreds and randombred respectively. Correlated responses for 3-week (weaning) and 5-week body weights agreed with observations made on direct responses, but selection for L8 did not reduce weaning weight. Selection for L8 decreased and selection for H8 increased first litter size at birth. However, mass-selected L8-pairs had a higher life-reproduction and life-span than H8-pairs.

scholarly journals Long-term selection for protein amount over 70 generations in mice

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUTZ BÜNGER ◽  
ULLA RENNE ◽  
GERHARD DIETL ◽  
SIEGFRIED KUHLA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Term Selection ◽  
General Importance ◽  
Selection For

Based on the outbred mouse strain Fzt: Du, which has been obtained by systematic crossing of four inbred and four outbred lines, a long-term selection experiment was carried out for total protein amount (PA) in the carcass, starting in 1975. An unselected control line (CO) was kept under the same management but without continuous protein analysis. The protein amount of male carcasses at 42 days of age (P42) increased from 2·9 g in generation 0 to 5·2 g at generation 70, representing 97% of a theoretical selection limit. The total selection response amounts to 2·3 g, which is about 80% above the initial value and corresponds to 9σp or 12σA . The estimated realized heritability of protein amount decreased from 0·56 to 0·03 at generation 70, which was due to an increase in phenotypic variance from 0·065 to 0·24 g2 and a reduction in genetic variance from 0·04 to 0·01 g2. Half the selection response was obtained after about 18 to 23 generations, a half-life of 0·25 to 0·3 Ne. The maximum selection response was 0·094 g/generation and the response was 0·01 g/generation at generation 70. The measurements of body weights at 0, 10, 21, 42 and 63 days throughout the experiment showed a strong correlated effect for all weights. The PA mice are one of the heaviest lines of mice ever reported, and do not differ significantly in their body composition from control mice at 42 days. The direct selection response was due primarily to increased general growth. Body weight and protein amount are phenotypically and genetically highly correlated (rp=0·82, rA≈1); however, selection for body weight led to fatter animals, whereas selection for protein opposed increased fatness (at least until selection age). This may be of general importance in animal breeding. The comparatively high selection response in this experiment seems due to the heterogeneity of the base population, the relatively high effective population size, and the duration of the experiment.

Predicted and realized responses to selection for an index of bone length and body weight in Scottish Blackface sheep 2. Correlated responses in lifetime productivity

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Atkins ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Base Population ◽  
Correlated Responses ◽  
Genetic Response ◽  
Bone Length ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Selection For

ABSTRACTA selection experiment with Scottish Blackface sheep was used to compare predicted and realized correlated responses to selection. Three lines were maintained between 1956 and 1974 in which selection was either at random or for high and low values of an index of cannon-bone length at 8 weeks of age adjusted for body weight at the same age.There was no evidence of asymmetrical responses in any trait. Selection for increased cannon-bone length, adjusted for body weight, resulted in (i) increased body weights at all ages between birth and maturity, (ii) increased reproduction rate, principally from increased litter size but also from small responses in ewe fertility and lamb survival and (iii) decreased survival of adult ewes. The realized genetic correlations were relatively small (up to 0·3) but mostly significantly different from zero, whereas base population genetic correlation estimates were very imprecise. The realized responses in reproduction rate were probably a consequence of the genetic response in body weight.

scholarly journals Genetic Mapping of a Body Weight Trait in Chicken

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Ken TATSUDA ◽  
Kuninori FUJINAKA ◽  
Toshinobu YAMASAKI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Mapping ◽  
Body Weight Trait ◽  
Weight Trait

scholarly journals In-House Forecasting of Crop Latitude Adaptation through a Daylength-sensing-based Environment Adaptation Simulator (DEAS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Qiu ◽  
Qinqin Wu ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
Gui Zhuang ◽  
Jiupan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Transcriptional Dynamics ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Environment Adaptation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
New Crop ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTGlobal climate change necessitates the accelerated breeding of new crop varieties that can sustain yields in new environments. As a proxy for environmental adaptation, the selection of crops that can adapt to different latitudes is an appealing strategy. However, such selection currently involves a lengthy procedure that severely restricts the rapid breeding of varieties. Here, we aimed to combine molecular technologies with an in-house streamlined screening method to facilitate rapid selection for latitude adaptation. We established the Daylength-sensing-based Environment Adaptation Simulator (DEAS) to measure crop latitude adaptation via the transcriptional dynamics of florigen genes at different latitudes. We used different statistical approaches to demonstrate that DEAS predicts the florigen expression profiles in rice with high accuracy. Furthermore, we demonstrated the potential for application of DEAS in different crops. Incorporating DEAS into the breeding programs of conventional and underutilized crops could help meet the future needs for crop adaptation and promote sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Response of Egg Number to Selection of Different Genotypes of 24-bp Insertion-Deletion Locus in the Promoter of Prolactin Gene of Papua Local Chickens

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Muhammad Affan Mu'in ◽  
Sintje Lumatauw
Keyword(s):  
Selection Response ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Prolactin Gene ◽  
Egg Number ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Actual Response ◽  
Actual Selection ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Selection Generation ◽  
Local Chickens

This study aims to estimate the response of the number of eggs produced up to 240 days of age (EN240) to the selection of Papua local chickens (PLC) with different genotypes from the 24-bp Indel cPRLp locus. A total of 68 PLCs were taken randomly from several breeders in Manokwari as the basic population for selection (G0). Genotype identification of the 24-bp Indel cPRLp locus was performed G0. Based on the distribution of these genotypes, mating pairs were randomly formed G0-II, G0-DD and G0-ID to produce G1-II, G1-DD, and G1-Control (G0-ID offspring). Heritability of EN240 in G1-II and G1-DD populations were estimated in full-sib (single pairs mating). Individual selection based on breeding value EN240 was carried out on G1-II (♀) and G1-DD (♀) to form the selection generation (GS): GS-II (♀) and GS-DD (♀). Selection was also carried out on G1-II (♂) and G1-DD (♂) based on body weight at 240 days (BW240) to become selected GS-II (♀) and GS-DD (♀) mating partners. GS-Control was also formed through 25% random sampling from G1-Control (♂ and ♀). GS mating resulted in the second generation (G2): G2-II, G2-DD, and G2-Control. Age at first laying (AFL), EN240, and mean egg weight (EWA) in hens of G1, GS, and G2 were recorded. Response to selection for EN240 was calculated by two methods predicted selection response (Rp) and actual selection response (Rr). Both methods of calculation yield positive and high values. In actual response (Rr), PLC in II genotypes group are more responsive to the selection treatment than DD genotype group. Selection increase EN240 impact accelerate of AFL and lower the EWA, because of their negative genetic correlation.

EFFECTS ON BROILER PERFORMANCE OF A SINGLE GENERATION OF SIRE SELECTION FOR BODY WEIGHT AT EIGHT WEEKS OF AGE FROM TWO COMMERCIAL PARENTAL GENOTYPES REARED ON SIX DIETARY TREATMENTS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Parental Effects ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Single Generation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sire Selection

Two tests were conducted to evaluate parental effects on broiler performance involving two genotypes. The effects of a single generation of divergent sire selection for 8-wk body weight and the effects of different rearing period dietary treatments were investigated. Data from these tests support the contention that a practical gain in broiler performance may be expected from a single generation of divergent selection of parental sires for 8-wk body weight. The results also provide evidence that despite a wide variation in the methods of feeding parental stocks during the rearing period there was no significant effect on broiler performance.

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