scholarly journals Photolysis and advanced oxidation treatment of pharmaceuticals in tap water and treated sewage

2007 ◽  
pp. 827-834
Author(s):  
Kamilla Hansen ◽  
Henrik R. Andersen ◽  
Tina Kosjek ◽  
Ester Heath ◽  
Povl Kaas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clofibric Acid ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Uv Dose

The aim of this study was to investigate the removal efficiency of six phannaceuticals byphoto-degradation and the advanced oxidation process (AOP), UV/H2O2. The sixphannaceuticals were the four NSAIDs ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen and ketoprofen, thepharmacological active metabolite of the lipid lowering agent, clofibrin, clofibric acid, and theanticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, carbamazepine.Treatment experiments were perfom1ed using a UV lamp optimized for photochemicaltreatment in a flow through set-up. For the AOP experiments 60 mg/L H2O2 was added to thewater before treatment. The treatment effectiveness is evaluated based on the ElectricalEnergy per Order (EEO) (unit kWh!m\ which is defined as the electrical energy consumedper unit volume of water treated required for 90% removal of the investigated compound.It was found that four of the six phannaceuticals were completely removed in tap water byboth UV treatment and the AOP. The exceptions were ibuprofen and carbamazepine, whichexhibited a relationship between UV dose and removal. The electrical energy per order, EEOwas detennined to 8.2 kWh/ml (UV) and 3. 7 kWh/ml (UV /H2O2 ) for ibuprofen.In the wastewater effluent the removal by UV irradiation was almost complete for ketoprofen,while the other compounds show dependency of flow rate/UV dose. Ibuprofen was thecompound that needed the highest UV dose to remove 90% (EEO = 33.4 kWh/ml) wherenaproxen and clofibric acid required 9.6 kWh/ml and 5.5 kWh/ml, respectively. Ketoprofenand diclofenac needed considerable less energy than clofibric acid. Ibuprofen and naproxen isbiodegradable and will be removed in biologically treated wastewater. Therefore, the relevantestimate of the needed treatment is the energy use for removal of clofibric acid which required5.5 kWh/ml for 90% removal.

scholarly journals Photolysis and advanced oxidation treatment of estrogenic chemicals in tap water and treated sewage

2007 ◽  
pp. 835-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamilla Hansen ◽  
Henrik R. Andersen ◽  
Tobias Hey ◽  
Anna Ledin
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Uv Lamp ◽  
Estrogenic Chemicals ◽  
Uv Dose ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order

The removal efficiency by photolysis and advanced oxidation (AOP) of some estrogeniccompounds was investigated in tap water and biologically treated sewage. The compoundsinvestigated included parabens, industrial phenols, sunscreen chemicals and steroid estrogens.Treatment experiments were performed using a UV lamp optimized for photochemicaltreatment in a flow through set-up. The effect of different concentrations of H2O2 anddifference between tap water and treated sewage was investigated for all compounds.The treatment effectiveness is evaluated based on the Electrical Energy per Order (EEO) (unitkWh/111e3), which is defined as the electrical energy consumed per unit volume of water treatedrequired for 90 % removal of the investigated compound.It was found that the removal efficiency was better in tap water than in wastewater which isdue to the shadow effect from the inorganic and organic substance in the wastewater. Further,it was found that the removal of all the compounds was dependent of the UV dose for bothtreatment methods. The energy required for 90% removal of the compounds was between 28kWh/111e3 ± 2.9 (butylparaben) and 1.2 kWh/ 111e3 (estrone) for the UY treatment. The AOPresults in a more unifom1 value of EEO, which is between 8. 7 kWh/m3 (bisphenol A andbenzophenone-7) and 1.8 kWh/m3 ( I 7a-ethynyl estradiol).The removal at different concentration of H2O2 was investigated and it was found thatremoval effectiveness increased with concentration until 60 mg/L, but decreased at I 00 mg/L,which may be caused by H2O2 scavenging the HO'-radicals.

Comparison of different advanced oxidation process to reduce toxicity and mineralisation of tannery wastewater

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Schrank ◽  
H.J. José ◽  
R.F.P.M. Moreira ◽  
H. Fr. Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Untreated Wastewater

Many organic compounds contained in wastewater are resistant to conventional chemical and/or biological treatment. Because of this reason different degradation techniques are studied as an alternative to biological and classical physico-chemical processes. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) probably have developed to become the best options in the near future. AOP while making use of different reaction systems, are all characterised by the same chemical feature: production of OH radicals (*OH). The versatility of AOPs is also enhanced by the fact that they offer different possibilities for OH radical production, thus allowing them to conform to specific treatment requirements. The main problem with AOPs is their high cost. The application of solar technologies to these processes could help to diminish that problem by reducing the energy consumption required for generating UV radiation. In this work, different AOPs (O3, TiO2/UV, Fenton and H2O2/UV) were examined to treat tannery wastewater or as a pre-treatment step for improving the biodegradation of tannery wastewater, at different pH and dosage of the chemicals. Under certain circumstances retardation in biodegradation and/or an increase in toxicity may be observed within these treatment steps. Two different bioassays (Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri) have been used for testing the progress of toxicity during the treatment. In parallel other objectives were to analyse and identify organic compounds present in the untreated wastewater and arising degradation products in AOP treated wastewater samples. For this purpose substance specific techniques, e.g., gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in positive electron impact (EI(+)) mode and atmospheric pressure ionisation (API) in combination with flow injection analysis (FIA) or liquid chromatography - mass and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS or LC-MS-MS) were performed.

Removal of pharmaceuticals using combination of UV/H2O2/O3 advanced oxidation process

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2230-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Lester ◽  
D. Avisar ◽  
I. Gozlan ◽  
H. Mamane
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Technology ◽  
Oxidation Technology ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Vast Range

Water and wastewater effluents contain a vast range of pharmaceutical chemicals. The present study aims to determine the potential of the advanced oxidation technology UV/H2O2/O3 and its sub-processes (i.e. UV, UV/H2O2, UV/O3, O3 and H2O2/O3) for the degradation of the antibiotics ciprofloxacin (CIP) and trimethoprim (TMP), and the antineoplastic drug cyclophosphamide (CPD) from water. Creating AOP conditions improved in most cases the degradation rate of the target compounds (compared with O3 and UV alone). H2O2 concentration was found to be an important parameter in the UV/H2O2 and H2O2/O3 sub-processes, acting as •OH initiator as well as •OH scavenger. Out of the examined processes, O3 had the highest degradation rate for TMP and H2O2/O3 showed highest degradation rate for CIP and CPD. The electrical energy consumption for both CIP and CPD, as calculated using the EEO parameter, was in the following order: UV > UV/O3 > UV/H2O2/O3 > O3 > H2O2/O3. Whereas for TMP O3 was shown to be the most electrical energy efficient. Twelve degradation byproducts were identified following direct UV photolysis of CIP.

scholarly journals Giardia duodenalis: Number and Fluorescence Reduction Caused by the Advanced Oxidation Process (H2O2/UV)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Roberto Guimarães ◽  
Regina Maura Bueno Franco ◽  
Regiane Aparecida Guadagnini ◽  
Luciana Urbano dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Uv Dose ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence Assay

This study evaluated the effect of peroxidation assisted by ultraviolet radiation (H2O2/UV), which is an advanced oxidation process (AOP), on Giardia duodenalis cysts. The cysts were inoculated in synthetic and surface water using a concentration of 12 g H2O2 L−1 and a UV dose (λ=254 nm) of 5,480 mJcm−2. The aqueous solutions were concentrated using membrane filtration, and the organisms were observed using a direct immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The AOP was effective in reducing the number of G. duodenalis cysts in synthetic and surface water and was most effective in reducing the fluorescence of the cyst walls that were present in the surface water. The AOP showed a higher deleterious potential for G. duodenalis cysts than either peroxidation (H2O2) or photolysis (UV) processes alone.

Cytotoxicity reduction of wastewater treated by advanced oxidation process

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Water Quality Parameter ◽  
Textile Printing ◽  
Before And After

The degradation of printing dyes from textile printing industry effluents was carried out by Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) in which heterogeneous photocatalytic treatment of textile printing wastewater using UV/H2O2/TiO2 system was studied. For the treatment of textile effluents different concentration of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and effect of application time of UV radiation was investigated. The degradation of treated wastewater was estimated spectrophotometrically. To check the extent of mineralization and decolorization after treatment water quality parameter such as percentage degradation, COD, BOD, TOC, pH, DO and toxicity were studied. Before treatment the values of water quality parameters were as; COD (1950 mg/L), BOD (963 mg/L), TOC (3410 mg/L), pH (9.6) and DO (1.77 mg/L). After application of UV/H2O2/TiO2 degradation was observed to be 72% and reduction in COD, BOD, TOC were 58%, 57%, 48%, and increase in DO level was up to 49% respectively. For the evaluation of the toxicity of photocatalyticaly treated wastewater, Allium cepa and brine shrimp test were also carried out before and after treatment of printing wastewater.

scholarly journals Degradation of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone by advanced oxidation with UV, H2O2, and O3: parameter optimization and model building

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangbin Pan ◽  
Xiaokang Zhu ◽  
Guifang Li ◽  
Yongqiang Wang ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Uv Dose ◽  
By Products

Abstract Halobenzoquinones are disinfection by-products with cytotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and genotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the removal of the HBQ 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (DCBQ) from water using advanced oxidation processes. The removal of DCBQ from water using UV, H2O2, and O3 advanced oxidation processes individually was not ideal with removal rates of 36.1% with a UV dose of 180 mJ/cm2, 32.0% with 2 mg/L H2O2, and 57.9% with 2 mg/L O3. Next, we investigated using the combined UV/H2O2/O3 advanced oxidation process to treat water containing DCBQ. A Box–Behnken design was used to optimize the parameters of the UV/H2O2/O3 process, which gave the following optimum DCBQ removal conditions: UV dose of 180 mJ/cm2, O3 concentration of 0.51 mg/L, and H2O2 concentration of 1.76 mg/L. The DCBQ removal rate under the optimum conditions was 94.3%. We also found that lower humic acid concentrations promoted DCBQ degradation, while higher humic acid concentrations inhibited DCBQ degradation.

Comparison of advanced oxidation processes in flow-through pilot plants (Part I)

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Müller ◽  
M. Jekel
Keyword(s):  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors ◽  
Electrical Energy Per Order

The advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) UV/H2O2, UV/O3 and O3/H2O2 were optimised to achieve a 90% degradation of the micropollutant atrazine in continuous-flow reactors. The experiments were performed with spiked Berlin tap-water. The comparison of mechanistically different oxidation systems needs a non-specific figure-of-merit to avoid influences by system-inherent parameters. The chosen figure-of-merit consists of the electrical energy per order of magnitude in oxidation per m3, EE/0. The combination O3/H2O2 proved to be the most efficient process by means of energy consumption.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Portable Rhodamine B Analyzer for Monitoring OH Radical Scavenging Demand in Ultraviolet Advanced Oxidation Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13279
Author(s):  
Sook-Hyun Nam ◽  
Ju-Won Lee ◽  
Eun-Ju Kim ◽  
Jae-Wuk Koo ◽  
Tae-Mun Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Oh Radical ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Uv Dose

A portable OH radical scavenging demand analyzer that can be installed and operated on site was developed to measure water quality indicators that influence the generation of OH radicals from UV/hydrogen peroxide reactions to determine the UV dose and the hydrogen peroxide injection concentration. Rhodamine B (RhB) was used as an indicator for the continuous measurement of the OH radical scavenging demand of four samples with different water quality parameters using the rapid, easy, and real-time UV-Vis spectrophotometer method. The results demonstrated that the estimated rate constant for the RhB color decay rate resulting from direct UV photolysis was low enough to verify its suitability as a probe compound. The mean values of the OH radical scavenging demand for target water samples at different organic concentrations were 20,659 s−1 for plant N, 42,346 s−1 for plant C, 32,232 s−1 for plant Y, and 81,669 s−1 for plant B. Variations in the monitoring results for the target water treatment plants suggest that on-site OH radical scavenging demands should be considered to determine the UV dose and the hydrogen peroxide injection concentration for the UV advanced oxidation process.

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