scholarly journals Utilization of the Exhaust Gas of a Gas Pipeline Compression Station to Generate Electricity

2017 ◽  
pp. 573-583
Author(s):  
Ehsan Amirabedin ◽  
M. Zeki Yilmazoglu ◽  
Ali Durmaz
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Compression

In this study, an application of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) in a natural gas compression station in Erzincan region is presented. Natural gas compression station (NGCS) uses a gas turbine to pressurize the natural gas for transportation. Waste heat of gas turbine can be utilized by an ORC which uses n-pentane as working fluid to generate electricity. A costs/advantages analysis of the implementation is performed. According to designing factors, the pressure of the natural gas at the inlet and outlet of the NGCS are 48 bar and 73 barrespectively. Mass flow rate and temperature of the exhaust gas from the GT are 26.65 kg/s and 460°C respectively and it shows that a significant amount of heat is rejected to the ambient. By applying an ORC to the NGCS, the results show that; total gross power via organic turbine, annual energy savings and annual cost savings are 1,385 kW, 11,057,535 kWhr and 1,327,000 $ respectively. Furthermore the payback time is calculated 3.77 years. Generally in this study, by utilizing an ORC in a NGCS, it has been tried to reduce the transportation cost and environmental impact of NG transportation.

Study of Gasoline Engine Waste Heat Recovery by Organic Rankine Cycle

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 6071-6078
Author(s):  
E. H. Wang ◽  
H. G. Zhang ◽  
B. Y. Fan ◽  
H. Liang ◽  
M. G. Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Energy saving and environment protection are two important issues that today’s automobile industry must emphasize. Lots of heat energy waste with the exhaust gas when the engine is running. If this part of waste heat can be recovered, the energy efficiency will be improved. Thus plenty of energy can be saved and the global warming also can be reduced. In this paper, the organic Rankine cycle whose working fluid was R245fa was studied. It was adopted to recover the gasoline engine waste heat. The mathematical model of the organic Rankine cycle was built up in Matlab to search the optimized working condition. The pinch analysis method was used to analyze the outlet temperature of the exhaust gas. The results indicate that organic Rankine cycle is a good way to recover the gasoline engine waste heat, especially in the high load conditions. The temperature of the exhaust gas can be apparently decreased.

Pure Working Fluid Selection for the Organic Rankine Cycle in Waste Heat Recovery of Diesel Engine

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 6110-6115
Author(s):  
Hong Liang ◽  
Xing Liu ◽  
Hong Guang Zhang ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Alternative Refrigerants ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Working Fluid Selection ◽  
Selection For

According to the analysis of heat balance, about 1/3 of the fuel combustion heat is taken away into the ambience by exhaust gas of diesel engine. Depending on the characteristics of the diesel, this paper uses a special system to recover this waste heat, in which the organic Rankine cycle is combined with a single screw expander. The economy should be improved by using this system in the diesel. The model of this system is designed in Matlab combined with REFPROP. Using this way, the thermodynamic parameters should be calculated and the thermodynamic properties of this system with different working fluids should be analyzed. At last, R245fa, R245ca, R123 and R141b are selected as the alternative refrigerants used in this system.

ORC System Development Using Diesel Engine Waste Heat

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 405-409
Author(s):  
Jun Qi Dong ◽  
Jiang Zhang Wang ◽  
Rong You Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
System Development ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Commercial Plant

Based on the waste heat characteristics of the coolant and exhaust gas from diesel engine, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) commercial plant had been developed. The working fluid was the R245fa, and the plate type heat exchangers were used as the condenser and evaporator in the ORC systems. The performance of condenser and evaporator had been simulated and developed using the effective-NTU method. Using the engine jacket coolant as the heating media, the coolant absorbs the waste heat from the exhaust gas and engine cylinders. The ORC system and engine can stably run for a long time without frequent control acting. The ORC systems can bring the 14.6 kw electric energy in the stable condition. The efficiency based on the first law of thermodynamics is 7.2%; complete generating efficiency is 6.25%.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Using Gas Turbine to Increase Efficiency of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Matuszewska ◽  
Piotr Olczak
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Steam Quality ◽  
The Impact

Power conversion systems based on the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) have been identified as a potential technology especially in converting low-grade renewable sources or waste heat. However, it is necessary to improve efficiency of ORC systems. This paper focuses on use of low geothermal resources (for temperature range of 80–128 °C and mass flow 100 kg/s) by using modified ORC. A modification of conventional binary power plant is conducted by combining gas turbines to increase quality of steam from a geothermal well. An analysis has been conducted for three different working fluids: R245fa, R1233zd(E) and R600. The paper discusses the impact of parameter changes not only on system efficiency but on other performance indicators. The results were compared with a conventional geothermal Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). Increasing of geothermal steam quality by supplying exhaust gas from a gas turbine to the installation has a positive effect on the system efficiency and power. The highest efficiency of the modified ORC system has been obtained for R1233zd(E) as a working fluid and it reaches values from 12.21% to 19.20% (depending on the temperature of the geothermal brine). In comparison, an ORC system without gas turbine support reaches values from 9.43% to 17.54%.

scholarly journals Exergy, Economic, and Life-Cycle Assessment of ORC System for Waste Heat Recovery in a Natural Gas Internal Combustion Engine

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Valencia Ochoa ◽  
Javier Cárdenas Gutierrez ◽  
Jorge Duarte Forero
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
Tube Heat Exchanger ◽  
Exhaust Heat

In this article, an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) was integrated into a 2-MW natural gas engine to evaluate the possibility of generating electricity by recovering the engine’s exhaust heat. The operational and design variables with the greatest influence on the energy, economic, and environmental performance of the system were analyzed. Likewise, the components with greater exergy destruction were identified through the variety of different operating parameters. From the parametric results, it was found that the evaporation pressure has the greatest influence on the destruction of exergy. The highest fraction of exergy was obtained for the Shell and tube heat exchanger (ITC1) with 38% of the total exergy destruction of the system. It was also determined that the high value of the heat transfer area increases its acquisition costs and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of the thermal system. Therefore, these systems must have a turbine technology with an efficiency not exceeding 90% because, from this value, the LCOE of the system surpasses the LCOE of a gas turbine. Lastly, a life cycle analysis (LCA) was developed on the system operating under the selected organic working fluids. It was found that the component with the greatest environmental impact was the turbine, which reached a maximum value of 3013.65 Pts when the material was aluminum. Acetone was used as the organic working fluid.

scholarly journals The process of liquefied natural gas

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Zhaoyin Jiang ◽  
Lixi Peng ◽  
Shiyao Chang ◽  
Ping Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gas Compression ◽  
Process Plant ◽  
Liquefied Gas ◽  
Heating Medium

In this paper, the analysis of liquefied natural gas process plant technology, into the device before the natural gas compression, and then through the MEA aqueous solution to remove CO2. Finally, the compressed water removed; clean natural gas before entering the liquefaction unit. In the liquefaction unit, the high-pressure natural gas is cooled and liquefied deep. The required cooling capacity is obtained by circulating the gas turbine to drive the closed mixed refrigerant nitrogen, methane, ethylene, propane and other components, and liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is finally stored in an atmospheric tank through a liquefied natural gas container or liquefied natural gas tanker for distribution. The recycle of the recycle refrigerant is carried out by means of environmental conditions. The heating medium required during the installation process is the hot oil heated by the exhaust gas of the gas turbine. The liquefied gas in the liquefied natural gas tank is compressed to regenerate the desiccant and then sent to the gas turbine as the fuel gas.

Model-Based Thermodynamic Analysis of a Hydrogen-Fired Gas Turbine With External Exhaust Gas Recirculation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bexten ◽  
Sophia Jörg ◽  
Nils Petersen ◽  
Manfred Wirsum ◽  
Pei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Model Based

Abstract Climate science shows that the limitation of global warming requires a rapid transition towards net-zero emissions of green house gases (GHG) on a global scale. Expanding renewable power generation in a significant way is seen as an imperative measure within this transition. To compensate for the inherent volatility of wind- and solar-based power generation, flexible and dispatchable power generation technologies such as gas turbines are required. If operated with CO2-neutral fuels such as hydrogen or in combination with carbon capture plants, a GHG-neutral gas turbine operation could be achieved. An effective leverage to enhance carbon capture efficiency and a possible measure to safely burn hydrogen in gas turbines is the partial external recirculation of exhaust gas. By means of a model-based analysis of an industrial gas turbine, the present study initially assesses the thermodynamic impact caused by a fuel switch from natural gas to hydrogen. Although positive trends such as increasing net electrical power output and thermal efficiency can be observed, the overall effect on the gas turbine process is only minor. In a following step, the partial external recirculation of exhaust gas is evaluated and compared both for the combustion of natural gas and hydrogen, regardless of potential combustor design challenges. The influence of altering working fluid properties throughout the whole gas turbine process is thermodynamically evaluated for ambient temperature recirculation and recirculation at an elevated temperature. A reduction in thermal efficiency can be observed as well as non-negligible changes of relevant process variables. These changes are are more distinctive at a higher recirculation temperature.

scholarly journals A Case Study of the Supercritical CO2-Brayton Cycle at a Natural Gas Compression Station

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Kowalski ◽  
Szymon Kuczyński ◽  
Mariusz Łaciak ◽  
Adam Szurlej ◽  
Tomasz Włodek
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Compressor Station ◽  
Gas Compression ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

Heat losses caused by the operation of compressor units are a key problem in the energy efficiency improvement of the natural gas compression station operation. Currently, waste heat recovery technologies are expensive and have low efficiency. One of these technologies is organic Rankine cycle (ORC) which is often analyzed in scientific works. In this paper, the authors decided to investigate another technology that allows for the usage of the exhaust waste energy—the supercritical Brayton cycle with CO2 (S-CO2). With a thermodynamic model development of S-CO2, the authors preformed a case study of the potential S-CO2 system at the gas compressor station with the reciprocating engines. By comparing the values of selected S-CO2 efficiency indicators with ORC efficiency indicators at the same natural gas compression station, the authors tried to determine which technology would be better to use at the considered installation. Investigations on parameter change impacts on the system operation (e.g., turbine inlet pressure or exhaust gas cooling temperatures) allowed to determine the direction for further analysis of the S-CO2 usage at the gas compressor station. When waste heat management is considered, priority should be given to its maximum recovery and cost-effectiveness.

Advanced waste heat recovery system based on organic rankine cycle

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 024-045
Author(s):  
Iniobong Gregory Frank ◽  
B. Nkoi ◽  
I. E. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Brake Power ◽  
Exhaust Heat

In this research, Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is used to recover heat from exhaust gas of a four-stroke diesel engine. After retrofitting ORC to the engine, Brake power increased from 10473.91 kW to combined – cycle Brake power of 10736.00kW, thermal efficiency increased from 36.01% to combined – cycle thermal efficiency of 51.32% and Exhaust gas temperature decrease from 358oC to 120oC at the exit of the turbocharger. ORC with R12, R22, R134a and R290 as working fluids at saturation and superheated temperatures, pressures and condenser pressures at different ranges were used to compare refrigerants performance in converting low grade exhaust gas waste heat into useful work. This research presents theoretical analysis on four different refrigerants. Applying the above-mentioned refrigerants as working fluid superheated vapour temperature for R12 is 131.72oC, R134a is 129.37oC, R22 is 113.40oC and R290 is 116.95oC. ORC Power generated by turbine gives 94.98kW, 95.56kW. 130.32kW. 262.64kW respectively, ORC Thermal efficiency gives 36%, 29%, 37% and 38% for R12, R22, R134a, and R290 respectively. Combined – cycle power for each of the refrigerant gives 10568.89kW, 10604.23kW, 10569.47kW and 10736.00kW respectively, combined – cycle thermal efficiency for each refrigerant gives 51.14%, 51.18%, 51.14% and 51.32% for R12, R134a, R22 and R290 respectively. R290 offers optimal performance compared to other refrigerants used in this research. The retrofitting of the ORC has saved some supposedly waste exhaust heat energy and has increased both combined cycle power output and thermal efficiency of the engine cycle.

Organic Rankine Cycle Working Fluid Selection and Performance Analysis for Combined Application With a 2 MW Class Industrial Gas Turbine

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Kusterer ◽  
René Braun ◽  
Dieter Bohn
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Combined Operation

The selection of suitable working fluids for use in Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) is strongly addicted to the intended application of the ORC system. The design of the ORC, the kind of heat source and the ambient condition has an influence on the performance of the Organic Rankine Cycle and on the selection of the working fluid. It can come to a discrepancy between the best candidate from the thermodynamic point of view and the transformation into a real machine design. If an axial turbine design is considered for expansion and energy conversion within the ORC, the vapor volume flow ratios within the expansion path, the pressure ratio and of course the number of stages have to be considered within the fluid selection process and for the design parameters. Furthermore, environmental aspects have to be taken into account, e.g. the global warming potential (GWP) and the flammability of the selected fluid. This paper shows the results of the design and fluid selection process for an Organic Rankine Cycle for application in a combined operation with a 2MW class industrial gas turbine. The gas turbine contains two radial compressor stages with an integrated intercooler. To further increase the thermal cycle efficiency, a recuperator has been implemented to the gas turbine cycle, which uses the exhaust gas waste heat to preheat the compressed air after the second compressor, before it enters the combustion chamber. The shaft power is generated by a three stage axial turbine, whereby the first stage is a convection cooled stage, due to a turbine inlet temperature of 1100°C. To further increase the electrical efficiency and the power output of the energy conversion cycle, a combined operation with an organic Rankine cycle is intended. Therefore the waste heat from the GT compressor intercooler is used as first heat source and the waste heat of the exhaust gas after the recuperator as second heat source for the Organic Rankine Cycle. It is intended that the ORC fluid acts as heat absorption fluid within the compressor intercooler. Due to these specifications for the ORC, a detailed thermodynamic analysis has been performed to determine the optimal design parameter and the best working fluid for the ORC, in order to obtain a maximum power output of the combined cycle. Due to the twice coupling of the ORC to the GT cycle, the heat exchange between the two cycles is bounded by each other and a detailed analysis of the coupled cycles is necessary. E.g. the ambient temperature has an enormous influence on the transferred heat from the intercooler to the ORC cycle, which itself affects the heat transfer and temperatures of the transferable heat from the second heat source. Thus, a detailed analysis by considering the ambient operation conditions has been performed, in order to provide a most efficient energy conversion system over a wide operation range. The performance analysis has shown that by application of an ORC for a combined operation with the intercooled and recuperated gas turbine, the combined cycle efficiency can be increased, for a wide ambient conditions range, by more than 3 %pts. and the electrical power output by more than 10 %, in comparison to the stand alone intercooled and recuperated gas turbine.

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