scholarly journals Striving for equity: Life orientation resources in South African high schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
André van Zyl ◽  
Elizabeth M. Webb ◽  
Jaqueline E. Wolvaardt
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
South African ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Printed Materials ◽  
Classroom Resources

As a school subject, life orientation (LO) aims to improve learner well-being, but a lack of classroom resources may be a barrier. We investigated whether classroom resources were equally available for LO educators in fully funded (no-fee) and partially funded (fee-paying) high schools in Tshwane South, South Africa. In this analytical cross-sectional study, LO representatives completed questionnaires about the availability of resources in their schools. Sixty-seven LO representatives completed the questionnaire. No-fee and fee-paying schools had the same availability of government resources and textbooks, but no-fee schools had less access to audio-visual equipment and printed materials. Representatives from both categories of schools were least satisfied with the availability of resources for the topic: Health. In contrast, they thought that the resources for non-health related topics such as career and skills-development were adequate. Representatives from no-fee schools were less satisfied with physical education resources (U (56) = -2.29, p = 0.02). The government’s efforts to redress inequity is evident in the availability of basic resources. However, a lack of health resources is a source of concern in a society that has a quadruple burden of disease.

scholarly journals Study of the health status of geriatric age group in Chitwan district of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
L Subedi ◽  
R B Sah
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mental Well Being

Retirement, change in housing, illness or death of spouse greatly affect the physical and mental well-being of the geriatric person. This study aims to find out the health status of geriatric age group in chitwan district of Nepal. A cross sectional study was carried out among 300 geriatric people where 15.7% of the geriatric were living alone, 50.3 % and 39.7% of geriatrics gave history of regular use of tobacco and alcohol respectively. Co-morbidities were found in 63% of geriatrics who suffered from 2 or more diseases. In Total 44% were found to have Ophthalmic problems, 23% were found to have ENT problems, 5.33% were found to mental disorders, 33% were found to have CVS problems, 43% were found to have GI problems, 15.67 % were found to have Metabolic disorder. The study highlighted a high prevalence of morbidity and health related problems in geriatric age groups.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v5i1.12560

scholarly journals Cyberbullying in Gifted Students: Prevalence and Psychological Well-Being in a Spanish Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
González-Cabrera ◽  
Tourón ◽  
Machimbarrena ◽  
Gutiérrez-Ortega ◽  
Álvarez-Bardón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gifted Students ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

The differential characteristics of gifted students can make them vulnerable to cyberbullying. There is very little empirical evidence about cyberbullying and giftedness. In the Spanish context, it is unexplored. The main goal of this work is to determine the prevalence of cyberbullying, its distribution in the different roles, and its relationship with other psychological variables. A cross-sectional study was performed with 255 gifted students (M = 11.88 years, SD = 2.28 years) in Spain (155 males, 60.8%). We used the cyberbullying test and the Spanish versions of the DASS-21, ISEL, KIDSCREEN-10, and the SWLS. The results indicate that 25.1% of the students are pure-cybervictims, 3.9% pure-cyberbullies, and 6.6% cyberbully-victims. Pure-cybervictims and cyberbully-victims present worse scores (p < 0.001) in health-related quality of life, depression, life satisfaction and stress than the uninvolved individuals. The results suggest that the gifted sample presents more cybervictimization and less cyberbullying than observed in other studies of the general population.

Psychological capital and work behaviour–related outcomes among South African church ministers

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Kanengoni ◽  
Christophe Nzitonda Ngarambe ◽  
Johanna Hendrina Buitendach
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Cross Sectional

This cross-sectional study purposively sampled ( n = 191) church ministers from all nine South African Provinces to investigate the relationship between psychological capital, work outcomes, and well-being among the church ministers in South Africa. A psychological capital questionnaire, the Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire, organisational commitment scale, orientation to happiness scale, satisfaction with life scale, and general health questionnaire were used to collect data. The results revealed that overall psychological capital not only had a positive relationship with job satisfaction, organisational commitment, and well-being but was also predictive of the mentioned constructs. Findings from this study encourage organisations in general, and church ministry in particular, to enhance individuals’ level of psychological capacities for institutional and individual growth and thriving.

The Validity of ‘Recognition-Based’ Headache Diagnoses in Adolescents. Data from the Nord-TrØndelag Health Study 1995-97, Head-Hunt-Youth

Cephalalgia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
J-A Zwart ◽  
G Dyb ◽  
LJ Stovner ◽  
T Sand ◽  
TL Holmen
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
Good Agreement

The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of the headache diagnoses (migraine and tension-type headache) obtained from short interviews by nurses, where the subjects were asked to identify their headache(s) based on recognition of typical headache descriptions. All students in junior high schools and high schools aged 12-19 years in Nord-Tr⊘ndelag county, Norway, were invited to participate in the youth part of the Nord-Tr⊘ndelag Health Study ('Helseunders⊘kelsen i Nord-Tr⊘ndelag'-HUNT), 1995-1997. In this cross-sectional study a total of 8984 students (88%) completed a comprehensive questionnaire with different health-related items. Of these, 6149 were also interviewed by nurses about their headache complaints by giving them two alternative headache descriptions accordant with either migraine or tension-type headache (Head-HUNT-Youth). The headache diagnoses obtained from nurse interviews were validated in a stratified random sample enriched with headache subjects from the interviewed population. Out of 159 invited individuals, 112 (70%) participated in extensive semistructured interviews by neurologists. The overall chance-corrected agreement (K) was 0.76 (confidence interval (CI) 0.66-0.86), which is considered good. For migraine, the positive and negative predictive values were 89% and 90%, respectively, and the chance-corrected agreement (K) was 0.72 (CI 0.58-0.87). For tension-type headache, positive and negative predictive values were 83% and 91%, respectively, and chance-corrected agreement (K) was 0.74 (CI 0.62-0.87). There was good agreement between the headache diagnoses obtained from the short interviews by nurses and the extensive interviews by neurologists. Short interviews based on recognition of typical headache descriptions seem to be an alternative and efficient way to identify migraine and tension-type headache sufferers among adolescents. The method can be useful in epidemiological research, e.g. in estimation of headache prevalence.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in Iranian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imaneh Abasi ◽  
Amin Sohrabzadeh Fard ◽  
Azin Farzin ◽  
Sherman Lee ◽  
Abbas Masjedi Arani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iranian Version ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background: One of the most common mental health-related issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic is high levels of distress and anxiety due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological well being and conservation of the general population are utterly significant components of facing COVID‑19 pandemic. It seems that despite the availability of highly standardized tools to investigate COVID-19-related anxiety, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) can be helpful in different populations due to its short design. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian (Iranian) version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (P-CAS). Methods: In this web-based cross-sectional study, 305 individuals (184 females vs. 121 males) participated. All participants were evaluated by five questionnaires, including the P-CAS, COVID Stress Scales (CSS), the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Whiteley Index (WI), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Cronbach’s alpha, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and correlation coefficient were used for data analysis using SPSS 23 and AMOS-23 software. Results: The results of CFA demonstrated that the factor structure of the P-CAS was good, and the scale had an appropriate internal consistency (α = 0.80). A satisfactory convergent validity was shown due to positive correlations of the P-CAS with the related scales. Test-retest reliability of P-CAS was also satisfactory (r = 0.91). Conclusions: According to our results, the P-CAS is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate the severity of dysfunctional anxiety due to COVID-19 pandemic.

Health utility scores (HUS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in stage 4 lung cancer (S4LC) patients with brain metastases (BM).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 24-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Tam ◽  
Brandon C Tse ◽  
Tiffany Tse ◽  
Lin Lu ◽  
Emily Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Utility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Age Range

24 Background: Novel therapies have improved the survival of S4LC patients, particularly those with EGFR or ALK alterations. As BM are common among such patients, determining whether HUS appropriately capture BM-specific HRQoL is crucial in economic analyses. We evaluated the relationship between the FACT-Brain (Br) HRQoL, presence of BM, and HUS. Methods: This cross-sectional study of S4LC outpatients at a comprehensive cancer centre assessed FACT-Br and EQ-5D-3L-derived HUS. Correlational analyses, stratified by BM status, were performed between HUS and each of FACT-Br and its subscales: FACT-General (G), physical well-being (PWB), social well-being (SWB), emotional well-being (EWB), functional well-being (FWB), and brain cancer (BrC). Linear regression interaction models assessed whether BM modified the associations between FACT-Br or its subscales and HUS. Results: The 65 BM and 42 non-BM patients had similar demographics: median age (range) was 62 (30-83) years, 61% were female, 55% were Caucasian, and 54% were EGFR/ ALK+. Mean± standard error of the mean (SEM) values of HUS were similar between BM and non-BM groups (0.77±0.02 vs. 0.78±0.02; p=0.49). However, 40 BM patients with stable brain disease had higher HUS than the 14 with progressive disease (0.81 vs. 0.69; p=0.007). Mean±SEM values for FACT-Br, FACT-G, and BrC were 148±2.6, 79±1.5, and 69±1.3, respectively, with no differences between BM and non-BM groups. With the exception of SWB, FACT-Br and its subscales were each individually correlated with HUS (all p<0.001 unless specified), including between HUS and PWB (all patients: r=0.58; BM only: r=0.60; non-BM only: r=0.54), FACT-Br (all: r=0.55; BM: r=0.55; non-BM: r=0.54), FACT-G (all: r=0.51; BM: r=0.49; non-BM: r=0.55), and BrC (all: r=0.49; BM: r=0.51; non-BM: r=0.44, p=0.003). Having BM did not modify these relationships (each interaction, p>0.35). Conclusions: The FACT-Br HRQoL measures and the majority of its subcomponents moderately correlate with HUS but are not specific to patients with BM. Progression of CNS disease greatly alters HUS. EQ-5D-3L-derived HUS are a useful index of HRQoL in S4LC.

scholarly journals Periodontal Status and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Elderly attending Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anju Khapung ◽  
G. Nagaraja Rao ◽  
Sujita Shrestha ◽  
Bhageshwar Dhami
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Background: In elderly, poor oral health in the form of tooth loss, dental caries, periodontal disease and oral cancer affects physical and psychological aspect of life. Health is not only absence of disease but also psychological and social well-being. Thus, the assessment of disease by clinical examination as well as measurement of psychosocial impacts associated with disease are equally important. Aim: To find the association between periodontal status and oral health-related quality of life among elderly attending Kantipur Dental College. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 184 elderly patients attending Kantipur Dental College by convenient sampling method. Oral health-related quality of life was assessed by GOHAI. Periodontal status was assessed by using CPI modified and Loss of attachment. Data was analysed with SPSS version 20. Results: Among 184 total participants (74 men, 110 women), the mean GOHAI score was 46.59+8.70. Of the total, 13% had high GOHAI score whereas 27% had moderate and 60% had low GOHAI score. Periodontal status of elderly population was found to be significantly associated with oral health-related quality of life (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest a need to improve oral health care and knowledge for elderly group through preventive and curative public health measures.  

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