scholarly journals Deficiencies of Eye Contact and Faceto-Face Interactions in Social Relations Among Children with Autism

Pedagogika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-239
Author(s):  
Barbara Winczura
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Social Lives

Ability to read information from human face is compelling for social communication as it enables to understand emotions experienced by other persons, their intentions and needs, what in turn can allow to predict their behavior, hence it is one of the first stages of developing knowledge on other people. As the research and observations prove, from very early stage of growth the infants realize that a human face is an object of crucial meaning. While entering face-to-face interaction and establishing eye contact they learn convictions of mental and social lives of others. Problems with social communication of children with autism, particularly in terms of eye contact and looking at the partner of an interaction, allow to distinguish children with autism from their peers with other developmental disorders. Children with autism observe people less, and if they do, they do not concentrate on their faces. Moreover, they are not interested in what others express while establishing eye contact, hence not reading their facial expression nor recognizing emotions noticeable from face. On top of that, they do not react, or react with delay to the stimuli, avoiding direct eye contact. Therefore, they are unable to read the intention of the direction or expression of the eye contact as a tip useful in interpreting others’ behavior, and since children with autism do not understand the meaning of information contained within facial expression and eye contact, their range of social experiences during conversation is significantly limited. It profoundly affects their social communication with other people, particularly as far as initiating and maintaining interactions are concerned.

scholarly journals Increased eye contact during parent-child versus clinician-child interactions in young children with autism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana L. Ajodan ◽  
Elysha Clark-Whitney ◽  
Benjamin Silver ◽  
Melanie R. Silverman ◽  
Audrey Southerland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Social Gaze ◽  
Interactive Play

Accumulating evidence suggests that when parents are actively involved in therapy, children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have better outcomes, yet it is unknown whether children with ASD significantly alter their social behaviour with their parent versus a clinician. During a semi-naturalistic, face-to-face interaction, young children (N = 27, ages 18-60 months) with ASD demonstrated greater duration and frequency of eye contact with their parent compared to a clinician. Children also made more eye contact during snack versus interactive play with both their parent and the clinician, which is consistent with our prior work. The findings suggest that despite social communication difficulties associated with ASD, children with ASD demonstrated increased social gaze with their parent.

scholarly journals Increased eye contact during parent-child versus clinician-child interactions in young children with autism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana L. Ajodan ◽  
Elysha Clark-Whitney ◽  
Benjamin Silver ◽  
Melanie R. Silverman ◽  
Audrey Southerland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Communication Difficulties ◽  
Young Children With Autism ◽  
Interactive Play

Accumulating evidence suggests that when parents are actively involved in therapy, children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have better outcomes, yet it is unknown whether children with ASD significantly alter their social behaviour with their parent versus a clinician. During a face-to-face interaction, young children (N = 27, ages 18-60 months) with ASD demonstrated longer durations and higher frequencies of eye contact with their parent compared to a clinician. Children also made more eye contact during snack versus interactive play with both their parent and the clinician, which is consistent with our prior work. The findings suggest that despite social communication difficulties associated with ASD, children with ASD demonstrated increased eye contact with their parent.

Emotional Facial Expression and Social Communication in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512505133p1
Author(s):  
Sharada Krishnan ◽  
Emily Kilroy ◽  
Christiana Butera ◽  
Laura Harrison ◽  
Aditya Jayashankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Facial Expression ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Emotional Facial Expression

scholarly journals Modelos de interacción de los adolescentes en contextos presenciales y virtuales

2011 ◽  
pp. a158
Author(s):  
Mª del Mar Sánchez Vera ◽  
Mª Paz Prendes Espinosa ◽  
José Luis Serrano Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Net Generation ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
On Line ◽  
Nativos Digitales ◽  
Communication Habits

Nativos digitales, generación-red o cibergeneración. Cualquiera de estos términos hace referencia a una generación de personas que han crecido con las TIC como parte de su entorno natural y esta generación es la que ocupa nuestras aulas. Por otra parte, son nuestros hábitos de comunicación uno de los aspectos de nuestras vidas que más ha cambiado por la influencia de las TIC. En este contexto se sitúa el interés del proyecto  CIPRECES financiado por el MEC: conocer los hábitos de comunicación social de los estudiantes de Enseñanza Secundaria. En el marco de este proyecto hemos de entender este artículo que presenta una parte del mismo, concretamente hemos intentado describir los intercambios comunicativos de los adolescentes utilizando que modelos de interacción a través del análisis de sociogramas que nos permiten además establecer comparaciones entre sus relaciones presenciales y sus relaciones en el espacio virtual.Models of adolescent interaction in face and on-line environmentsAbstractDigital natives, net generation or cibergeneration. Each of these terms refers to people that have grown up with ICT as natural environment and actually they are the students in our classrooms. By other hand, the most important change in our lives caused by ICT is communication and social interaction. In this context we have to put our project CIPRECES founded by spanish Ministry of Education with the aim to know about social communication habits of secondary students. Inside this project we have developed some interaction models using sociograms that describe social relations between teenagers both in presencial and in virtual contexts. Finally these models are useful to compare these types of interactions: face to face and virtual.

Designing Emotion Of Characters By Referencing From Facs In Short Animated Film “RANA”

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Fransisca Adis ◽  
Yohanes Merci Widiastomo
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Basic Characteristic ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
3D Animation ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Facial Action Coding System ◽  
Facial Action ◽  
Animated Film ◽  
Character Design ◽  
The Face

Facial expression is one of some aspects that can deliver story and character’s emotion in 3D animation. To achieve that, we need to plan the character facial from very beginning of the production. At early stage, the character designer need to think about the expression after theu done the character design. Rigger need to create a flexible rigging to achieve the design. Animator can get the clear picture how they animate the facial. Facial Action Coding System (FACS) that originally developed by Carl-Herman Hjortsjo and adopted by Paul Ekman and Wallace V. can be used to identify emotion in a person generally. This paper is going to explain how the Writer use FACS to help designing the facial expression in 3D characters. FACS will be used to determine the basic characteristic of basic shapes of the face when show emotions, while compare with actual face reference. Keywords: animation, facial expression, non-dialog

The Traffic in Hierarchy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward Keeler
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
The World ◽  
Male Head ◽  
Relative Status ◽  
Trans Women

Looking at Buddhist monasteries as social institutions, this book integrates a thorough description of one such monastery with a wide-ranging study of Burmese social relations, both religious and lay, looking particularly at the matter of gender. Hierarchical assumptions inform all such relations, and higher status implies a person’s greater autonomy. A monk is particularly idealized because he exemplifies the Buddhist ideal of “detachment” and so autonomy. A male head of household represents another masculine ideal, if a somewhat less prestigious one. He enjoys greater autonomy than other members of the household yet remains entangled in the world. Women and trans women are thought to be more invested in attachment than autonomy and are expected to subordinate themselves to men and monks as a result. But everyone must concern themselves with the matter of relative status in all of their interactions. This makes face-to-face encounter fraught. Several chapters detail the ways that individuals try to stave off the risks that interaction necessarily entails. One stratagem is to subordinate oneself to nodes of power, but this runs counter to efforts to demonstrate one’s autonomy. Another is to foster detachment, most dramatically in the practice of meditation.

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