E-Enviroment

Perkembangan teknologi yang sangat cepat pada dunia globalisasi dan banya keadaan lainnya yang eksternal memengaruhi daya saing dalam sebuah perusahaan. Di pasar ekonomi terdapat beberapa faktor seperti globalisasi, perkembangan teknologi baru, konsumen yang sensitive terhadap harga, internet, saluran distribusi, dan komunikasi baru yang mempengaruhi para wirausaha.Sebagai sbeuah hasil dari pengembangan e-enviroment, e-ecommerce, dan e-marketing juga ada orang-orang dari berbagai kelompok usia konsumen diantara pelaku dalam sebuah pasar yang mewakili berbagai generasi (Pre-boom, Babyb bom, X Generation, Net Generation, Next Generation). Setiap generasi memiliki pengalaman dan kebiasaan tersendiri dalam menggunakan e-market. Maka dari itu pengetahuan pengetahuan mengenai kekhasan perilaku e-market dari berbagai generasi yang berbeda sangat penting dalam sebuah kewirausahaan, Hal ini berguna dalam keberhasilan dalam operasi di pasar, dan juga untuk memahami perubahan dan tantangan yang diharapkan dimasa mendatang pada e-commerce.

Active Buildings Based on Passivhaus Standard to Reduce the Energy Deficit of Regional Electric Network: Proposal Analysis

This manuscript presents the analysis of a real distributed generation network considering the integration of Active Buildings that meet the Passivhaus standard criteria at the Premium level, as a base case model. The novelty aspect presented in this paper is the interconnection of Active Buildings based on the Passivhaus standard at the Premium level with the National Electricity System (particularly, in Mexico’s North Baja California region) to mitigate the energy deficit. The objective of the proposal grid is to reduce the energy deficit (≈600 MW) due to the high energy demand in the region and the reduced energy generation through conventional and renewable energy sources. In a particular way, the energy rehabilitation of some buildings was analyzed with the aim of reducing the energy demand of each one and then adding energy generation through renewable sources. As a result, all Passivhaus standard criteria (i.e., heating and cooling demands, heating and cooling loads, among others) were met. Regarding the Active Buildings performance in each distributed generation circuit, an overall installed power capacity of ≈2.3 MW was obtained, which corresponds to ≈19.1% of the maximum capacity, and ≈34.30% of the recommended integration capacity. In addition, adequate results were obtained related to the import and export of energy between distributed generation circuits, i.e., the energy exchange is up to ≈106.8 kW, intending to reduce the energy contribution of the utility electrical network. Finally, the analysis of the Active Buildings showed an increase in the net generation forecast, up to ≈2.25 MW.

Early and Late Processes Driving NET Formation, and the Autocrine/Paracrine Role of Endogenous RAGE Ligands

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation has emerged as an important response against various pathogens; it also plays a role in chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer. Despite a growing understanding of the mechanisms underlying NET formation, much remains to be elucidated. We previously showed that in human neutrophils activated with different classes of physiological stimuli, NET formation features both early and late events that are controlled by discrete signaling pathways. However, the nature of these events has remained elusive. We now report that PAD4 inhibition only affects the early phase of NET generation, as do distinct signaling intermediates (TAK1, MEK, p38 MAPK). Accordingly, the inducible citrullination of residue R2 on histone H3 is an early neutrophil response that is regulated by these kinases; other arginine residues on histones H3 and H4 do not seem to be citrullinated. Conversely, elastase blockade did not affect NET formation by several physiological stimuli, though it did so in PMA-activated cells. Among belated events in NET formation, we found that chromatin decondensation is impaired by the inhibition of signaling pathways controlling both early and late stages of the phenomenon. In addition to chromatin decondensation, other late processes were uncovered. For instance, unstimulated neutrophils can condition themselves to be poised for rapid NET induction. Similarly, activated neutrophils release endogenous proteic factors that promote and largely mediate NET generation. Several such factors are known RAGE ligands and accordingly, RAGE inbibition largely prevents both NET formation and the conditioning of neutrophils to rapidly generate NETs upon stimulation. Our data shed new light on the cellular processes underlying NET formation, and unveil unsuspected facets of the phenomenon that could serve as therapeutic targets. In view of the involvement of NETs in both homeostasis and several pathologies, our findings are of broad relevance.

Thermoelectric Generator with Passive Biphasic Thermosyphon Heat Exchanger for Waste Heat Recovery: Design and Experimentation

One of the measures to fight against the current energy situation and reduce the energy consumption at an industrial process is to recover waste heat and transform it into electric power. Thermoelectric generators can be used for that purpose but there is a lack of experimental studies that can bring this technology closer to reality. This work presents the design, optimizations and development of two devices that are experimented and compared under the same working conditions. The hot side heat exchanger of both generators has been designed using a computational fluid dynamics software and for the cold side of the generators two technologies have been analysed: a finned dissipater that uses a fan and free convection biphasic thermosyphon. The results obtained show a maximum net generation of 6.9W in the thermoelectric generator with the finned dissipater; and 10.6W of power output in the generator with the biphasic thermosyphon. These results remark the importance of a proper design of the heat exchangers, trying to get low thermal resistances at both sides of the thermoelectric modules, as well as, the necessity of considering the auxiliary consumption of the equipment employed.

AB0083 SIGNALING OF PSGL-1 IN HUMAN NEUTROPHILS MIGHT CONTROL NET GENERATION AND APOPTOSIS AND MIGHT BE ALTERED IN SLE PATIENTS

Background:Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular chromatin fibers decorated with neutrophil antimicrobial proteins and histones, which are formed by neutrophils to trap invading pathogens and facilitate their removal. Excessive presence of NETs has been reported in autoimmune diseases like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and has been related with disease pathogenesis [1]. Our previous work showed that P-selectin KO mice develop an autoimmune syndrome similar to human lupus and that patients with cutaneous lupus have reduced expression of P-selectin in skin vessels [2]. Although it has been reported that P-selectin might induce NET generation in mouse neutrophils [3], there are no studies performed with human neutrophils.Objectives:1)To analyze the contribution of PSGL-1/P-Selectin interaction to control the generation of NETs by human neutrophils from healthy donors and patients with SLE.2)To study the implication of PSGL-1/P-Selectin interaction in the control of other types of neutrophil death.Methods:Human neutrophils were isolated from healthy donors and patients with SLE. After incubation in vitro with BSA or P-Selectin in rolling-like conditions (60 rpm shaking at 370C) for 10 min, neutrophils were left to adhere for 1 hour. Then, NETs were labeled with Sytox Green and quantified by fluorimetry and by flow cytometry (FACSCanto II, BD Biosciences). For quantification of necrosis and apoptosis, cells were labeled with propidium iodide and annexing V and analyzed by flow cytometry. Data were analyzed with two-sided Student, two-sided Mann-Whitney U or two-sided Wilcoxon signed rank test using GraphPad Prism software (Version 8.0.1, La Jolla, CA). Results were considered significant at P<.05.Results:Our results show that rolling on BSA, compared to adhesion, induces NET generation and apoptosis of neutrophils isolated from blood of healthy donors. Rolling on P-selectin reduces apoptosis of neutrophils and increase the percentage of NET events, although reducing NET intensity. Comparing to healthy donors, neutrophils from active SLE patients generate NETs with higher intensity in adhesion and do not respond to P-Selectin.Conclusion:The interaction of PSGL-1 with P-Selectin preserves neutrophil death from apoptosis and controls NET generation. Our results suggest that this control might be altered in patients with active SLE.References:[1]Fousert, E., Toes, R., & Desai, J. (2020). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) take the central stage in driving autoimmune responses. Cells, 9(4), 915.[2]González-Tajuelo, R., Silván, J., Pérez-Frías, A., De La Fuente-fernández, M., Tejedor, R., Espartero-Santos, M. & Urzainqui, A. (2017). P-Selectin preserves immune tolerance in mice and is reduced in human cutaneous lupus. Scientific reports, 7(1), 1-12.[3]Etulain, J., Martinod, K., Wong, S. L., Cifuni, S. M., Schattner, M., & Wagner, D. D. (2015). P-selectin promotes neutrophil extracellular trap formation in mice. Blood, 126(2), 242-246.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

The Net Generation: Tech-savvy or lost in virtual space?

Recent findings from PEW Internet and American Life studies in the US, the JISC Information Behaviour of the Researcher of the Future report and the Educational Testing Service 2006 ICT literacy assessment, all indicate that the students from the Y or Net Generation are not as tech-savvy as portrayed by the world’s media and large Internet software providers. If this is the case, then assumptions currently being made about the information-seeking behaviour of today’s students need to be rectified at the school level to ensure that tomorrow’s citizens are not disenfranchised or disempowered as users in a world where Governments are increasingly committed to the provision of essential services and information wholly online. This paper discusses the secondary results of a much larger PhD study on the information seeking behaviour of the Net Generation and the need for schools and particularly teacher librarians, to become more involved in teaching students how to use the electronic environment effectively.

Online Tourist Behavior of the Net Generation: An Empirical Analysis in Taiwan Based on the AISAS Model

This study was intended to investigate the online behavior of Taiwan’s Net Generation (born between 1977 and 1997) based on Dentsu’s AISAS (Attention-Interest-Search-Action-Share) model. A conceptual framework and several hypotheses were developed and tested. A questionnaire survey was conducted in Taiwan in 2018 with 338 valid responses being received. The data were analyzed through linear regression analysis with learning and growth set as the dependent variable. Information search was the key action variable and especially during travel. Attention and interest had significant indirect influences on actions, which impacted sharing, learning, and growth. Learning and growth and action increased sharing. Post-travel sharing stimulated attention and was a catalyst for another cycle of AISAS. This research intended to fill a gap in the literature by examining the relationships among stages in the online purchase and consumption of travel products and services.

Techno Savvy and All-knowing or Techno-oriented?: Information-seeking Behaviour and the Net Generation?

During the last twenty years rapid developments in technology have led to changes in the way we work, play and learn. Technology has become an integral part of society’s everyday landscape. Children growing up during what has been called the technological or digital revolution have never known a world without instantaneous communication and easy access to vast quantities of information delivered in multiple formats. For the ‘Net Generation’ of users and consumers, technology is transparent and a part of their social, economic and educational landscape. They are surrounded by information using a multitude of formats, text types, graphics and multimedia. Adult observers of these young people marvel at how they use and cope with a wide range of technologies, often seemingly oblivious to instruction manuals. The Net Generation already seem to have the skills to deal with the array of old and emerging technologies. The terms tech-savvy, web-savvy, Internet-savvy and computer-savvy are being used to describe young people in major educational policy documents and population studies worldwide. While educators recognise that their students have a different culture of use when using and seeking information delivered electronically, they struggle to come to terms with the changes the integration of technology brings to the teaching-learning environment. Teachers are continually being reminded that they are the ones who are being left behind a generation for whom the use of communications technologies appears to be intuitive. The question for researchers and educators is do students have an intuitive grasp of how to use electronic information or is this just an illusion borne of familiarity with the technology?