Research on Organic Winter Wheat Cultivation

The goal of organic farming is to create and maintain a balance between environment protection and croping technology for each tipe of crop, beginning with the soil tillage system wich is aimed to ensure harmony and keep the balance between the natural resources and the crop needs. The yields level depends mostly on the optimum application of all technological sequences beginning with soil selection and finishing with crop harvesting. The yield has to be satisfactory both in quantity and quality. Nowadays, although quantity is very important, more and more the stress is on the quality; consumers being more oriented towards healthy food.

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Research Concerning the Tehnology of Autumn Wheat Culture within Ecological and Bio-dynamic Systems

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:9790 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 251-257

Author(s):

Liviu TOMOȘ ◽

Gavrilă MORAR

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Dynamic Systems ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Living Standard ◽

Agricultural Product ◽

Environment Protection ◽

Great Contribution ◽

Production Methods ◽

Tillage System ◽

Optimum Application

The goal of organic and biodynamic production methods is to create and maintain a balance between the environment protection and the growing technology for each crop tipe, beginning with the soil tillage system wich is aimed to ensure harmony and keeps a balance between the natural resources and the crop needs. The yields level depends mostly on the optimum application of all the technological sequences beginning with the soil selection and finishing with the crop harvesting. The agricultural product obtained has to be satisfactory both in quantity and quality. Nowadays, although the quantity is very important, more often the stress lays on quality; consumers being more and more oriented towards healthy food which has a great contribution to the living standard enhancement.

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Improvement of the Water Management by Applying the No Tillage System for the Winter Wheat Production

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2020.0040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Felicia CHEȚAN ◽

Cornel CHEȚAN

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Water Status ◽

Conservative System ◽

Winter Precipitation ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Yield Test ◽

Tillage System ◽

Agricultural Research And Development

The Transylvanian Plain has a particular aspect, as the hilly areas are predominant and here the soil erosion phenomena through levigation are frequently encountered. The effect of water availability on yields has been thoroughly researched, being one of the main limitative factors of the winter wheat yields. Starting from these considerations, during the agricultural years 2012-2018, a bi-factorial yield test was performed at Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Turda, for a period of seven years. The study explored the influence of the water status under the influence of two tillage systems and the climatic conditions specific for this area on winter wheat yields. In the field conditions of Turda during experimental interval, the soil tillage system had a rather small impact on the winter wheat yields. In the conventional system (CS) a reserve of accessible water is preserved better during the spring period, this being attributed to a better infiltration into the soil of winter precipitation (snow). In the conservative system (NT), the observed trend suggests that restoration of the ground water reserve is more difficult than in the CS but the loss of water in the CS is just as fast.

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Influence of soil tillage system on soil compaction and winter wheat yield

Chilean journal of agricultural research ◽

10.4067/s0718-58392020000100080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 80-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Milan Biberdzic ◽

Sasa Barac ◽

Dragana Lalevic ◽

Aleksandar Djikic ◽

Danijela Prodanovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Soil Compaction ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Tillage System ◽

Winter Wheat Yield

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Evalution of the healthiness of winter wheat cultivated in conventional tillage, direct sowing and direct sowing with underplant crop of white clover

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2005.055 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 277-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ewa Moszczyńska ◽

Elżbieta Pląskowska

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

White Clover ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Tan Spot ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Cropping Season ◽

Tillage System ◽

Direct Sowing

Research of the healthiness of winter wheat depending on the soil tillage system and rate of nitrogen fertilization were carried out in 1998-2001. The largest threat to the healthiness of plants was tan spot, which was caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, especially in cropping season 1999/2000. The soil tillage system diversified the intensification of occurence of this pathogen, only in two last years of research. The most infected by P. tritici-i was wheat, which was cultivated in the direct sowing. Application of underplant crop of white clover in the direct sowing contributed to the improvement of the plants healthiness. The highest rate of nitrogen fertilization (120 kg N.ha-1) in the highest degree favoured the damage of wheat by P. tritici-repentis, but only in two first years of research. The second pathogen Blumeria graminis, which caused powdery mildew of cereals, occured in small amount and didn't have any influence on the healthiness of winter wheat.

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YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN UNDER NON-MOLDBOARD SOIL TILLAGE DEPENDING ON DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERSIN THE CROP ROTATIONS OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION

TAURIDA HERALD OF THE AGRARIAN SCIENCES ◽

10.33952/2542-0720-2021-3-27-107-116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (27) ◽

pp. 107-116

Author(s):

V.A. Lukyanov ◽

◽

L.B. Nitchenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Row Crop ◽

Wheat Cultivation

In modern agriculture, resource-saving technologies for cultivating grain crops and their optimization are becoming more and more relevant. The use of scientifically-based crop rotations, tillage methods and doses of mineral fertilizers allow increasing economic efficiency of winter wheat cultivation. The purpose of the research was to assess the yield and quality of winter wheat grain depending on different doses of mineral fertilizers under non-moldboard soil tillage in the crop rotations of the Central Chernozem Region. The research was carried out in 2012-2020 in a stationary multifactorial field experiment in Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center. The experimental design included the following options: Factor A – crop rotations (grain-fallow-row, grain-grass-row, grain-grass); Factor B – mineral fertilizers (without fertilizers, N20P40K40, N40P80K80 kg ha-1). The soil of the experimental site is represented by typical, medium-loamy chernozem. The paper shows that the yield of winter wheat grain in the context of non-moldboard soil tillage was higher in the grain-fallow-row crop rotation and amounted to 3.34 t ha-1. In the grain-grass-row and grain-grass crop rotations, yield decreased by 6.6 % and 10.2 %, respectively. The maximum grain yield (3.98 t/ha-1) was obtained in grain-fallow-row crop rotation with N40P80K80. An increase in fertilizers doses led to protein and gluten content increment from 12.6 to 13.3 % and from 22.8 to 25.6 %, respectively; however, the differences in crop rotations were within the limits of experimental error. The grain nature varied according to the studied factors from 708 to 735 g/l-1 and was higher in the grain-fallow-row crop rotation with a dose of mineral fertilizers N40P80K80. Despite more significant net income after increased fertilizers dose (N40P80K80), the increase in the winter wheat grain yield did not allow obtaining a higher level of profitability compared to N20P40K40. Winter wheat cultivation in grain-grass-row crop rotation with N20P40K40 was the most cost-effective. In this variant, the cost of grain was the lowest (4.92 thousand rubles t-1); the profitability, on the contrary, was the highest (103.4 %).

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Changes of Microbial Diversity in Rhizosphere Soils of New Quality Varieties of Winter Wheat Cultivation in Organic Farming

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11154057 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (15) ◽

pp. 4057 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anna Gałązka ◽

Emilia Grzęda ◽

Krzysztof Jończyk

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Organic Farming ◽

Functional Diversity ◽

Plant Production ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Rhizosphere Soils ◽

Wheat Cultivation ◽

Winter Wheat Varieties

The aim of this paper was to evaluation functional diversity in rhizosphere soils of new quality varieties of winter wheat cultivation in organic farming. Field experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018. Twelve commercial winter wheat varieties were selected for testing: Arktis, Bellisa, Estivus, Fidelius, Hondia, Jantarka, KWS Ozon, Linus, Markiza, Ostka Strzelecka, Pokusa, and Rokosz. Winter wheat cultivars were chosen for their high yielding potential and good tolerance to fungal diseases. In the plant production conducted in accordance with the principles of organic farming, the selection of the best quality varieties is a key element of agrotechnics. The samples of rhizosphere soils were collected each year in two seasons: spring and summer. The basic parameters of soil biological activities and microbial biodiversity indicators were determined. The high variability of biological activity and functional diversity of rhizosphere soils in the growing season between particular varieties of winter wheat was observed. The rhizosphere soils from varieties such as Bellisa, Arktis, Jantarka, Fidelius, Ostka Strzelecka, Pokusa, Rokosz and KWS Ozon were characterized by high biological activity and functional biodiversity. On the other hand, the soils collected from the varieties Estivus, Fidelius, Jantarkaand Hondia were characterized by medium and low biological activity and biodiversity indices. The highest yield was found in winter wheat varieties such as Bellisa, Fidelius and Jantarka. The results of these analyses allows for a more complete characterization of the yield potential of the tested varieties and their suitability for cultivation in the conditions of organic farming, taking into account the biological activity of soils.

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Influence of Tillage Systems, and Forms and Rates of Nitrogen Fertilizers on CO2 and N2O Fluxes from Winter Wheat Cultivation in Oklahoma

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10030320 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 320

Author(s):

Tanka P. Kandel ◽

Prasanna H. Gowda ◽

Brian K. Northup

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Co2 Fluxes ◽

Gas Analyzer ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Closed Chamber ◽

Wheat Cultivation ◽

Heterotrophic Soil Respiration ◽

Tillage System

Cultivation of winter wheat under reduced tillage systems is increasing in the U.S. Southern Great Plains. Likewise, there is revived interest for including summer legumes in monocultures of winter wheat as green sources of nitrogen (N). This study investigated the influence of tillage systems (no- and conventional tillage), and source and rates of N fertilizer (0, 45 and 90 kg N ha−1 yr−1 in inorganic N fertilizer, and cowpea as green manure) on emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from winter wheat cultivation. The study was conducted within a long-term field experiment initiated in 2011, at upland and bottomland sites near El Reno, Oklahoma during the 2016–2017 growing season of winter wheat. The experiment was conducted site-wise as split-plots in a completely randomized design, with N treatment as main plots and tillage system as subplots. Thus, there were a total of eight treatment combinations with three replicated plots (4 m × 10 m) in each combination in both sites. Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 was measured by a closed chamber connected to an infra-red gas analyzer, and fluxes were partitioned to gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER). Heterotrophic soil respiration (SR) was measured on bare soil spots. Fluxes of N2O were measured with an opaque closed chamber system with a portable gas analyzer. Dynamics of canopy CO2 fluxes (NEE, GPP and ER) were similar between tillage systems, while canopy CO2 fluxes increased with rate of N fertilization. Canopy CO2 fluxes from cowpea and an unfertilized control were similar, and the lowest, due to poor growth of winter wheat compared to the N fertilized treatments. Fluxes of N2O approximated zero from all treatments throughout the study and no response of N fertilizer or tillage system was seen. In conclusion, the results from this study indicated that canopy fluxes of CO2 from winter wheat are controlled by forms and rates of N fertilizers rather than tillage systems.

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