scholarly journals The Environmental Impact of Advanced Material Concepts for Luminescent Solar Concentrators

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai ANGHEL ◽  
Violeta NICULESCU ◽  
Ioan STEFANESCU
Keyword(s):  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Front Surface ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Diffuse Solar Radiation ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
Luminescent Solar Concentrators ◽  
Pv Panel

Sunlight that is incident on the front surface of a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) is absorbed and subsequently re-emitted by luminescent materials. The resulting luminescence is transported to the edge of the LSC sheet and concentrated onto photovoltaic devices. This paper outlines the loss mechanisms that limit conversion efficiency of the LSC and highlights the role that advanced materials can play. Losses include nonunity fluorescence quantum yield (FQY), reabsorption losses, incomplete utilization of the solar spectrum, and escape cone losses. Long-term photostability is also discussed as it is essential for commercial feasibility of any solar technology. The main motivation for implementing an LSC is to replace the large area of expensive solar cells required in a standard flat-plate PV panel, with an inexpensive polymeric collector, thereby, reducing the cost of the module (in dollars per watt) and also of the solar power (in dollars per kilowatthour). A key advantage of LSC technology compared to other concentrating systems is that it can collect both direct and diffuse solar radiation. This means that tracking of the sun is not required—enhancing further potential cost reductions and making LSCs excellent candidates for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV)—as well as making them the ideal PV technology for cloudier northern European climates. Similarly to electricity conversion, LSCs also have applications in daylighting (Hiramoto et al., 1991), thermal conversion, and hybrid thermal–photovoltaic systems that could generate electricity and extract the heat generated by the LSC plate (Xue et al., 2005).

scholarly journals Luminescent Solar Concentrators with Outstanding Optical Properties by Employment of D-A-D Quinoxaline Fluorophores

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costanza Papucci ◽  
Rima Charaf ◽  
Carmen Coppola ◽  
Adalgisa Sinicropi ◽  
Mariangela Di Donato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Diffuse Solar Radiation ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
Luminescent Solar Concentrators

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are devices designed to efficiently collect both direct and diffuse solar radiation and concentrate it on photovoltaic cells to foster their use in the building-integrated photovoltaics...

scholarly journals Self-Absorption Analysis of Perovskite-Based Luminescent Solar Concentrators

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-552
Author(s):  
Yujian Sun ◽  
Yongcao Zhang ◽  
Yuxin Li ◽  
Yilin Li
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Quantified Self ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Loss Mechanism ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
Luminescent Solar Concentrators ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Low Performance

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are considered promising in their application as building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs). However, they suffer from low performance, especially in large-area devices. One of the key issues is the self-absorption of the luminophores. In this report, we focus on the study of self-absorption in perovskite-based LSCs. Perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are emerging luminophores for LSCs. Studying the self-absorption of perovskite NCs is beneficial to understanding fundamental photon transport properties in perovskite-based LSCs. We analyzed and quantified self-absorption properties of perovskite NCs in an LSC with the dimensions of 6 in × 6 in × 1/4 in (152.4 mm × 152.4 mm × 6.35 mm) using three approaches (i.e., limited illumination, laser excitation, and regional measurements). The results showed that a significant number of self-absorption events occurred within a distance of 2 in (50.8 mm), and the photo surface escape due to the repeated self-absorption was the dominant energy loss mechanism.

scholarly journals Towards Improving the Durability and Overall Performance of PV-ETICS by Application of a PCM Layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4667
Author(s):  
Dariusz Heim ◽  
Anna Wieprzkowicz ◽  
Dominika Knera ◽  
Simo Ilomets ◽  
Targo Kalamees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Thermal Ageing ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Latent Heat Storage ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Building Performance Simulation ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Overall Performance

The main goal of the paper was to numerically analyse the risk of overheating of the Energy Activated External Thermal Insulation Composite System (En-ActivETICS) as an example of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV). The analyses were conducted with the coupled power flow method (thermal and electrical) for 20 European cities. All locations were analysed considering the local climate in the context of building performance simulation as well as electricity production. The obtained results allowed for the determination of the risk of overheating, which can influence system durability, accelerated thermal ageing, and overall performance. It was revealed that the risk of overheating above 80 °C is possible in almost all locations; however, the intensity considerably differs between southern and northern Europe. The effect of latent heat storage for better thermal stabilization and overall performance was determined numerically for all locations. Finally, the improved solution with a phase change material (PCM) layer beside the PV panel was proposed individually for specific climatic zones, considering the required heat capacity. The maximum panel temperature for improved En-ActivETICS does not exceed 85 °C for any location.

scholarly journals Influence of the Front Surface Passivation Quality on Large Area n-Type Silicon Solar Cells with Al-Alloyed Rear Emitter

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Book ◽  
T. Wiedenmann ◽  
G. Schubert ◽  
H. Plagwitz ◽  
G. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Front Surface ◽  
Silicon Solar Cells ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Type Silicon

Large-Area Transparent 'Quantum Dot Glass' for Building Integrated Photovoltaics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Huang ◽  
JingJian Zhou ◽  
Erik Jungstedt ◽  
Archana Samanta ◽  
Jan Linnros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics

scholarly journals ALEXIS Lunar Observations

1996 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
B.C. Edwards ◽  
J.J. Bloch ◽  
D. Roussel-Dupré ◽  
T.E. Pfafman ◽  
Sean Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Lunar Orbit ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Small Satellite ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Lunar Observations ◽  
Night Sky

The ALEXIS small satellite was designed as a large area monitor operating at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths (130 − 190 Å). At these energies, the moon is the brightest object in the night sky and was the first source identified in the ALEXIS data. Due to the design of ALEXIS and the lunar orbit, the moon is observed for two weeks of every month. Since lunar emissions in the extreme ultraviolet are primarily reflected solar radiation these observations may be useful as a solar monitor in the extreme ultraviolet. The data show distinct temporal and spectral variations indicating similar changes in the solar spectrum. We will present a preliminary dataset of lunar observations and discussions covering the variations observed and how they relate to the solar spectrum.

Optical Durability of Candidate Solar Reflectors

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Kennedy ◽  
K. Terwilliger
Keyword(s):  
Cone Angle ◽  
Front Surface ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Thin Glass ◽  
Specular Reflectance ◽  
Outdoor Environments ◽  
Exposure Testing ◽  
Durability Testing ◽  
Main Activity

Concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies use large mirrors to collect sunlight to convert thermal energy to electricity. The viability of CSP systems requires the development of advanced reflector materials that are low in cost and maintain high specular reflectance for extended lifetimes under severe outdoor environments. The long-standing goals for a solar reflector are specular reflectance above 90% into a 4 mrad half-cone angle for at least 10 years outdoors with a cost of less than $13.8/m2 (the 1992 $10.8/m2 goal corrected for inflation to 2002 dollars) when manufactured in large volumes. Durability testing of a variety of candidate solar reflector materials at outdoor test sites and in laboratory accelerated weathering chambers is the main activity within the Advanced Materials task of the CSP Program at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in Golden, Colorado. Test results to date for several candidate solar reflector materials will be presented. These include the optical durability of thin glass, thick glass, aluminized reflectors, front-surface mirrors, and silvered polymer mirrors. The development, performance, and durability of these materials will be discussed. Based on accelerated exposure testing the glass, silvered polymer, and front-surface mirrors may meet the 10 year lifetime goals, but at this time because of significant process changes none of the commercially available solar reflectors and advanced solar reflectors have demonstrated the 10 year or more aggressive 20 year lifetime goal.

Red and yellow emissive carbon dots integrated tandem luminescent solar concentrators with significantly improved efficiency

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiurong Li ◽  
Haiguang Zhao ◽  
Xiujian Zhao ◽  
Xiao Gong
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Luminescent Solar Concentrators

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) can collect solar light from a large area and concentrate it to their small-area edges mounted with solar cells for efficient solar-to-electricity conversion. Thus, LSCs show...

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