Soybean - New Fertilization Opportunities and Uses in the Food, Feed and Industry Sector

Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important species of the Fabaceae family worldwide, with many and varied uses, such as food, feed and industry sector. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of urea fertilizers in comparison with the new types of fertilizers on the agronomic and quality characteristics of soybean. A field experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the Agricultural University of Athens. The experiment was set up in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 4 treatments (control, 100 kg ha-1 urea, 100 kg ha-1 urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors and 75 kg urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors) and 3 replications. There were studied several plant agronomic characteristics such as plant height, leaf area index and seed yield, as well as the seed protein content. According to the results, the agronomic and quality characteristics were affected significantly by treatments. To sum up, soybean is a crop for which there is room in Greece for cultivation, for a variety of uses.

Download Full-text

Impact of Zinc and Manganese Application to Increase Productivity of Autumn Planted Maize (Zea Mays L.)

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova ◽

10.1515/cerce-2015-0005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 65-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H.Z. Khan ◽

M. Amin ◽

N. Akbar ◽

M.F. Saleem ◽

A. Iqbal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Seed Protein ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Research Area ◽

Seed Protein Content ◽

Plot Size ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Increase Productivity

Abstract Micronutrients play a significant role in various plant metabolic processes and are required in much smaller amount by the plants as compared to the macronutrients. An experiment was conducted during 2011, at the Agronomic research area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, to investigate the response of autumn planted maize to ZnSO4 and MnSO4 levels (10, 20 and 30 kg ha-1) and in combinations (5 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 + 5 kg ha-1 MnSO4, 10 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 + 10 kg ha-1 MnSO4 and 15 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 + 15 kg ha-1 MnSO4). The randomized complete block design (RCBD) having three replicates was used with plot size of 3 m x 6 m. The crop was planted on ridges 75 cm apart with recommended plant to plant distance of 25 cm. Maximum values for plant height at maturity (225 cm), cob diameter (4.29 cm), number of grains per cob (415), biological yield (20.15 tons ha-1), grain yield (7.42 tons ha-1) and seed protein content (8.96%) were recorded where 15 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 + 15 kg ha-1 MnSO4 was applied.

Download Full-text

Seed Yam Production Using High-Quality Minitubers Derived from Plants Established with Vine Cuttings

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 978

Author(s):

Beatrice Aighewi ◽

Norbert Maroya ◽

Lava Kumar ◽

Morufat Balogun ◽

Daniel Aihebhoria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Research Station ◽

International Institute ◽

Tropical Agriculture ◽

Single Node ◽

Cropping Season ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

The World ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Set Up

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a valuable food security crop in West Africa, where 92% of the world production occurs. The availability of quality seed tubers for increased productivity is a major challenge. In this study, minitubers weighing 1, 3, and 5 g produced from virus-free single-node vine cuttings of two improved yam varieties (Asiedu and Kpamyo) growing in an aeroponics system were assessed for suitability in seed production at a population of 100,000 plants ha−1. A 3 × 2 factorial experiment with randomized complete block design and three replications was set up during the cropping seasons of 2017 to 2019 at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Research Station in Kubwa, Abuja, Nigeria. Results showed field establishments of 87%–97.8%. Yields differed with minituber size, variety, and cropping season; the highest was 31.2 t ha−1 in 2019 and the lowest, 10 t ha−1 in 2018 from 5 and 1 g Kpamyo minitubers, respectively. The estimated number of tubers produced per hectare by 1, 3, and 5 g minitubers was 101,296, 112,592, and 130,555, with mean weights per stand of 159.2, 187.3, and 249.4 g, respectively. We recommend using less than 6 g minitubers for seed yam production due to their high multiplication rates.

Download Full-text

Bioefficacy of some biorational insecticides for the control of Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877, (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on greenhouse grown cucumber

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.14 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 107 (2) ◽

pp. 419 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Saeed Emami

Keyword(s):

Broad Spectrum ◽

Block Design ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽

Sodium Sulfosuccinate ◽

Set Up

Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 is a serious pest of cucumber in greenhouse plantings. Biorational insecticides are an alternative of broad spectrum insecticides for aphid suppression in greenhouse. In this regards, the efficiency of some biorational insecticides including soap based on coconut oil, surfactant based on sodium sulfosuccinate and antifeeding based on potassium nicotinate were assayed on A. gossypii in the cucumber greenhouse. The trials were set up in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Samplings were carried out one day before spraying and 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after spraying. The data were submitted to ANOVA and the means comparison was performed using Duncan’s test. The results indicated that the highest mortality in insecticidal soap, surfactant and antifeeding treatments occurred after 3 days, with 78.47 %, 67.16 % and 60.48 % mortality, respectively. The results of the trials are discussed in terms of improving management of the populations of A. gossypii.

Download Full-text

Alternatives to sowing vegetable type soybeans

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89131998000400007 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 429-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edcarlos Mannfredini ◽

Deonisio Destro ◽

Martin Homechin ◽

Gustavo Sachsida ◽

Édison Miglioranza

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Flowering Plant ◽

Food Type ◽

Individual Plant ◽

Crop Failure ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Set Up ◽

Disposable Plastic

Today, soybean crops of the Tamba Kurodaisu cultivar are sown in beds prior to transplantation to the field. This planting system has caused crop failure due to damage to the root system. An experiment to test different sowing alternatives to obtain plantlets for cropping of food type big seeded soybean was set up with the following treatments: sowing in beds; sowing in 130 cm³ newspaper cups; sowing in test tubes of volumes of 30 cm³, 60 cm³ and 70 cm³; sowing in 70 cm³ disposable plastic cups; sowing on 90 cm³ styrofoam trays. A randomized complete block design was used, and the following traits were assessed: germination percentage; number of days to flowering; plant height at flowering; number of days to maturity; plant height at maturity; number of seeds per plant; individual plant yield; weight of a hundred seeds. Results should that three methods could be used to set up Tamba Kurodaisu cultivar crops: sowing in disposable plastic cups, sowing in beds with later transplant, or direct sowing in the field.

Download Full-text

Effect of Zinc and Boron on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajaar/2020/v12i130073 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Nusrat Jahan ◽

Md. Ashabul Hoque ◽

Md. Rasal-Monir ◽

Sumya Fatima ◽

Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Area Index ◽

Spad Value ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Fruit Diameter

The study was carried out to find out the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on growth and yield of okra (BARI Dherosh 1). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments of the experiment were, T0 (without Zn or B), T1 (20 kg Zn ha-1), T2 (30 kg Zn ha-1), T3 (10 kg B ha-1), T4 (20 kg B ha-1), T5 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), T6 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1), T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1) and T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) were undertaken to evaluate the best results of the study. The highest plant height was found in T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) but the highest number of leaves plant-1 was recorded from T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1). On the other hand, the maximum leaf area index, SPAD value, mean fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit dry matter (%), number of fruits plant-1, fresh fruit weight plant-1 , fruit yield plot-1 and fruit yield ha-1 were found in T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), while the control (T0) showed lowest performance for the respected parameters. It is strongly concluded that 30 kg Zn ha-1 with 10 kg B ha-1 combination may be helpful for okra cultivation in the field level to increase okra production.

Download Full-text

VARIAÇÃO LONGITUDINAL E EFEITO DO ESPAÇAMENTO NA MASSA ESPECÍFICA BÁSICA DA MADEIRA DE Mimosa scabrella E Ateleia glazioveana

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v43i2.29266 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 327 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elder Eloy ◽

Braulio Otomar Caron ◽

Rômulo Trevisan ◽

Denise Schmidt ◽

Magda Lea Bolzan Zanon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Wood Quality ◽

Basic Density ◽

Technological Characteristic ◽

Diameter At Breast Height ◽

Breast Height ◽

Living Space ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Axial Variation ◽

Set Up

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a variação longitudinal e o efeito do espaçamento de plantio na massa específica básica das árvores de Mimosa scabrella Benth e Ateleia glazioveana Baill, aos 36 meses de idade. Analisou-se um experimento instalado em delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram definidos em função dos espaçamentos (2,0x1,0 m, 2,0x1,5 m, 3,0x1,0 m e 3,0x1,5 m). Foram avaliadas 72 árvores, sendo essas medidas e cubadas pelo método de Smalian. Em seguida, foram retirados discos nas posições do tronco: 0,10 m (base), 1,30 m do solo (DAP – Diâmetro a Altura do Peito), 25%, 50% e 75% da altura total da árvore, para determinação da massa específica básica. A massa específica básica em árvores de Mimosa scabrella apresentou um decréscimo até a região do DAP, seguido de acréscimo, sem tendência de estabilização com a altura. A Ateleia glazioveana apresentou uma tendência de decréscimo no sentido base-topo das árvores. Os espaçamentos influenciaram a variação da massa específica básica em árvores de Mimosa scabrella e Ateleia glazioveana, não sendo verificada uma variação sistemática positiva ou negativa em relação ao espaço vital proporcionado.Palavras-chave: Variação axial; característica tecnológica da madeira; qualidade da madeira; espaçamento de plantio. AbstractLongitudinal variation and effect of spacing on basic density wood of Mimosa scabrella and Ateleia glazioveana. This study aimed to evaluate the variation in length and effect of spacing of the basic density of Mimosa scabrella Benth e Ateleia glazioveana Baill, trees with 36 months of age. We analyzed an experiment set up in randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were defined by the spacing (2.0x1.0 m, 2.0x1.5 m, 3.0x1.0 m, 3.0x1.5 m). 72 trees were evaluated, and these measures and scaled by the method of Smalian. Then, the disks were removed from the trunk positions: 0.10 m (base), 1.30 m (DAP - diameter at breast height), 25%, 50% and 75% of the total height of the tree, determining the basic density. The basic density in trees of Mimosa scabrella showed a decrease to the region of the DAP, followed by addition, without a tendency to stabilize with time. The Ateleia glazioveana showed a decreasing trend towards bottom-up tree. The spacing influenced the variation of basic density in trees of Mimosa scabrella e Ateleia glazioveana not been verified a systematic positive or negative trend in relation to the living space provided. Keywords: Axial variation; technological characteristic of wood; wood quality; planting space.

Download Full-text

Plot size for evaluation of Arabica coffee yield

Acta Scientiarum Agronomy ◽

10.4025/actasciagron.v41i1.42712 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. e42712

Author(s):

Bráulio Fabiano Xavier de Moraes ◽

Fernando Henrique Ribeiro Barroso Toledo ◽

Kaio Olímpio das Graças Dias ◽

Vinícius Teixeira Andrade ◽

Daniel Furtado Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Basic Unit ◽

Parameter Estimates ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Resampling Methods ◽

Arabica Coffee ◽

Plot Size ◽

Coffee Yield ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Set Up

In most cases, in genetic breeding of Arabica coffee, plot size is defined in an empirical manner. It is often based only on the experience of the breeders and the availability of resources, potentially leading to a reduction in precision. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the size of the experimental plot for evaluation of coffee yield. We evaluated two experiments for validation of cultivars with 12 treatments set up in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and plots composed of 50 plants. Each plant was considered as a basic unit. Estimates of ideal plot size were made by maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation, linear-plateau segmented model and by the resampling methods. We discussed the variations in the parameter estimates for different plot sizes. Divergence was seen among the plot sizes estimated by the different methodologies. Increasing the number of plants per plot led to a higher experimental precision to the point that the increase was no longer significant. The plot size recommended for evaluating coffee production is from seven to 19 plants.

Download Full-text

Performance of Six Genotypes of Tritordeum Compare to Bread Wheat under East Mediterranean Condition

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12229700 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 9700

Author(s):

Ioanna Kakabouki ◽

Dimitrios F. Beslemes ◽

Evangelia L. Tigka ◽

Antigolena Folina ◽

Stella Karydogianni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bread Wheat ◽

Block Design ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Significance Level ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Gluten Content ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Set Up

Four advanced tritordeum lines were studied and compared to two commercial varieties of tritordeum and wheat cultivars in yield and quality features, in Greece. For this purpose, a two-year experiment was established in the Greek territory. The field experiment was set up in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with blocks, with different lines and varieties. Head emergence was calculated based on Growing Degree Days (GDDs), which was significantly affected by the year. The significance of differences between treatments was estimated by using Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) test with significance level p = 0.05. The weight of 1000 seeds of the two commercial varieties differed from the equivalent weight of 1000 seeds of tritordeum lines, approximately 1 g. Yield was significantly affected by lines/varieties and year. Compared to tritordeum yield, wheat yield marked the highest values. This difference was almost 2 kg ha−1. Gluten content was significantly affected by lines/varieties. The highest gluten content was firstly noticed at wheat GENESIS (34.2%) variety and secondly at tritordeum Aucan (33.2%) variety. Protein was higher in tritordeum lines HT-1704 (15.5%), HT-1707 (15.1%) and Aucan variety (15.2%) during the first experimental year. Tritordeum seems to have significant adaptability to dry conditions in Greece and significant yields compared to the existing commercial varieties and bread wheat.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Nematicidal Activity of Fluensulfone against Meloidogyne incognita in Bell Pepper Crop

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2020/v32i1030339 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 52-59

Author(s):

José Alonso Calvo- Araya ◽

Nery Zapata- Montes

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Block Design ◽

Nematicidal Activity ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Single Application ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Horticultural Crops ◽

Final Population ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Set Up

The evaluation of nematicidal activity of the non- fumigant nematicide (fluensulfone) was evaluated for the control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in bell pepper crop (Capsicum annuum L.) under field conditions. The experiment was set up under a randomized complete block design with four replications. Six treatments were assessed for control of M. incognita: four doses of fluensulfone, one of the nematicide oxamyl and a control without application of nematicides. Ten days before transplanting, nematicides were applied in a single application via irrigation systems. The lowest final population densities of M. incognita in bell pepper crop were recorded in plots treated with fluensulfone at the dose of 2.75 L.ha-1, with an average of 25 juveniles. The higher percentage of efficacy was obtained with the application of fluensulfone at a dose of 2.75 L.ha-1. Fluensulfone showed a more efficient nematicidal activity as compared with oxamyl, which is the most used nematicide in horticultural crops in Mexico. Our results indicated that fluensulfone can be used as an alternative nematicide for the control of M. incognita in horticultural crops.

Download Full-text

Ratooning Response of Lowland Rice NSIC Rc352 (Oryza sativa L.) to Method of Nitrogen Application

Recoletos Multidisciplinary Research Journal ◽

10.32871/rmrj2008.02.05 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 63-74

Author(s):

Dionesio Banoc ◽

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Lowland Rice ◽

Ratoon Crop ◽

N Application ◽

Area Index ◽

High Productivity ◽

Days To Heading ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

This study seeks to determine the effect of N fertilization method on ratoon lowland rice performance, to choose a fertilization method that provides high ratooned yield, and to assess its profitability adopting N fertilization method. The experiment lays out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and five N fertilization methods as treatments. Method of N application significantly affected the number of days to heading and maturity, plant height, leaf area index (LAI), number of productive tillers hill-1, panicle length and weight, number of filled and unfilled grains panicle-1. This method compensates cost of production of growing ratoon crop than those of the main crop. In fact, the highest profit (PhP25,564.80) was obtained in ratooned plants, which received 60 kg ha-1 N basal + 30 kg ha-1 N topdress application (T3) due to higher grain yield. Thereby, this is an appropriate option that provides high productivity and income for the ratoon growers.

Download Full-text