Influence of Elbow Joint Position on Shoulder Joint External Rotation Movement: An Ultra-sound Sonography Study

Context:A reduction in joint position sense (JPS) is sometimes a consequence of shoulder injury that may adversely affect the ability to maintain dynamic joint stability.Objective:To compare shoulder JPS between previously injured and noninjured judokas.Design:Cohort study.Participants:Twenty-nine noninjured subjects (10.93 ± 3.45 years) and eleven injured subjects (15.09 ± 3.39 years).Main Outcome Measures:JPS was tested at 45° and 80°of shoulder external rotation at 90° of abduction.Results:No signifcant difference in JPS was found between previously injured and noninjured judokas at either joint position.Conclusion:Despite evidence that JPS acuity decreases following shoulder injury, this study did not demonstrate a difference in average error between previously injured and noninjured judokas. Uncontrolled confounding factors, such as age and time since injury, may have affected the results. Sport-specifc shoulder joint loading patterns may also be an important factor that affects JPS.

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Kinematic instrumental analysis of the shoulder and elbow joint in normal conditions and with hypermobility of the joint in the gait cycle

Pediatric Traumatology Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.17816/ptors7135-42 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 35-42

Author(s):

Olga I. Vorontcova ◽

Larisa A. Udochkina ◽

Marina S. Baranec ◽

Marina V. Grechitaeva ◽

Ludmila A. Goncharova

Keyword(s):

Internal Rotation ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Elbow Joint ◽

External Rotation ◽

Joint Hypermobility ◽

Instrumental Method ◽

Joint Hypermobility Syndrome ◽

Arm Swing ◽

Common Sign ◽

Analysis System

Background. There is evidence for violation or a complete change in the arm swing cycle during walking in a number of pathologic conditions. Aim. We assess the functional state of the shoulder and elbow joints in normal conditions and with joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS) using the kinematic instrumental method of analyzing gait. Material and methods. We studied 27 adolescent girls 1215 years old with JHS and healthy subjects. A Vicon motion capture analysis system (Vicon, Oxford, Great Britain) was used to record biomechanical parameters. Results. A decrease in limb movement amplitudes was noted in the shoulder joint around the frontal and sagittal axes in patients with JHS compared to the norm. During the arm swing cycle in the normal state, the shoulder is in a state of internal rotation, whereas in the girls with JHS, the shoulder is in a state of external rotation for most of the arm swing cycle. The elbow joint in the JHS subjects showed a significant increase in flexion angle of the forearm in the swing phase of 41.5 0.90 and a decrease in this angle in the stance phase. The JHS group also showed a decrease in power of the muscles acting on the shoulder joint. Conclusions. A common sign of changes in the range of motion of the links of the upper limb in the shoulder and elbow joints in subjects with JHS was decreased amplitude of their flexion and decreased power of the joints. In the adolescents with JHS in the shoulder joint, a significant decrease in the internal rotation angles and reduction of the limb was found.

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The Effects of Muscle Fatigue on Shoulder Joint Position Sense

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/03635465980260021701 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 262-265 ◽

Cited By ~ 149

Author(s):

James E. Carpenter ◽

Ralph B. Blasier ◽

Gregory G. Pellizzon

Keyword(s):

Muscle Fatigue ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

External Rotation ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Isokinetic Testing ◽

Shoulder Dysfunction ◽

Arm Dominance

Proprioception, or joint position sense, probably plays an important role in shoulder joint function. In this study, we assessed the effect of muscle fatigue on shoulder proprioception in 20 volunteers with no shoulder abnormalities. Shoulder proprioception was measured as the threshold to first detection of humeral rotation with the joint at 90° of abduction and 90° of external rotation. Subjects were tested while rested, exercised on a isokinetic testing machine until fatigued, and then retested in an identical fashion. Both shoulders were tested, and the order of dominant and non-dominant shoulder was randomized. Shoulder proprioception was analyzed for its dependence on arm dominance, direction of rotation, and muscle fatigue. Subjects detected external rotation after significantly less movement than they did internal rotation. Overall, before exercise, motion was detected after a mean of 0.92° of rotation. After exercise, this threshold to detection of movement increased to 1.59°, an increase of 73%. This significant increase occurred with both internal and external rotation. The decrease in proprioceptive sense with muscle fatigue may play a role in decreasing athletic performance and in fatigue-related shoulder dysfunction. It remains to be determined if training can lessen this loss in position sense.

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College Pitchers Demonstrate Directional Differences in Shoulder Joint Position Sense Compared With Controls

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2017-0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 301-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John Andrew Badagliacco ◽

Andrew Karduna

Keyword(s):

Athletic Training ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Constant Error ◽

External Rotation ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Overhead Athletes ◽

Target Angle ◽

Increased Risk

Context: The relationship between overhead throwing and its effect on proprioception is not well understood. It is important to gain a better understanding of how these are related, to protect overhead athletes from an increased risk of injury. Objective: To investigate proprioceptive alterations in the overhead thrower’s shoulder. Design: Cross-sectional study. Independent variables are limb (dominant and nondominant), group (thrower or control), and target angle. Dependent variables are joint position sense and range of motion. Setting: An orthopedic biomechanics lab and university athletic training facility. Participants: Twelve Division I baseball pitchers and 13 nonthrowing control subjects. Intervention: Shoulder proprioception was assessed using an active joint repositioning task administered with an iPod Touch. Main Outcome Measure: Root mean square error and constant error of repositioning angles were used to assess accuracy and directional patterns, respectively. Results: Both groups demonstrated significantly higher joint acuity at the 80° external rotation target angle compared with 60° (1.5° [0.5°], P = .01). There were no differences in accuracy between groups. Constant error revealed differing repositioning patterns between limbs for the pitchers and also between groups for the dominant side. Although the throwing shoulder overshot the target angles by 0.4°, all nonthrowing shoulders undershot by an average of 2.7°. Conclusions: There is no difference in shoulder joint position sense accuracy between throwers and nonthrowers, although both groups display increased accuracy closer to their end range of external rotation. The throwing shoulder demonstrates a different repositioning pattern, overshooting the desired target angle, while all other shoulders undershoot.

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Dynamics of the Shoulder and Elbow Joints of the Throwing Arm during a Baseball Pitch

International Journal of Sport Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/ijsb.2.4.235 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 235-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 221

Author(s):

Michael Feltner ◽

Jesús Dapena

Keyword(s):

Internal Rotation ◽

Linear Transformation ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Elbow Joint ◽

External Rotation ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Kinematic Parameters ◽

Upper Arm ◽

Joint Forces ◽

Coordinate Data

Fastball pitches of eight intercollegiate varsity baseball pitchers were filmed using the direct linear transformation (DLT) method of three-dimensional cinematography. Coordinate data were obtained, and the resultant joint forces and torques at the shoulder and elbow joints were calculated. Various kinematic parameters were also calculated to help describe the motions of the shoulder and elbow joints throughout the pitch. At the instant of stride foot contact, a horizontal adduction torque was present at the shoulder joint, and the shoulder was externally rotating. After the onset of the horizontal adduction torque, abduction and internal rotation torques were also present at the shoulder joint and a varus torque was present at the elbow joint. After the instant of maximum external rotation (30 ms prior to ball release), the upper arm started to internally rotate, but it was still in a position of external rotation at the instant of release. This paper discusses the roles of the torques in producing the observed motions of the throwing arm.

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Recognition of Outer Muscle's EMG and Inner Muscle's EMG Using Support Vector Machine : Recognition of Abduction and External Rotation Movements of Shoulder Joint(Mechanical Systems)

TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Series C ◽

10.1299/kikaic.76.297 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 76 (762) ◽

pp. 297-303

Author(s):

Takeshi ANDO ◽

Masakatsu G. FUJIE

Keyword(s):

Support Vector Machine ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

External Rotation ◽

Mechanical Systems ◽

Support Vector

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Humerus Varus A Case Report Presenting with Excess of External Rotation of Shoulder Joint.

Orthopedics & Traumatology ◽

10.5035/nishiseisai.40.75 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 75-77

Author(s):

Kazuhiro Tanaka ◽

Hisaaki Miyahara ◽

Kazuo Hayashi ◽

Yoichi Sugioka

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

External Rotation

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Біоморфологія м’язів, діючих на плечовий суглоб чорнодзьобої гагари

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.15421/nvlvet8225 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (82) ◽

pp. 120-124

Author(s):

O.O. Melnyk ◽

M.V. Melnyk

Keyword(s):

Aquatic Environment ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Elbow Joint ◽

Shoulder Girdle ◽

Gavia Immer ◽

Environmental Sciences ◽

National University ◽

Development And Differentiation ◽

Muscle Groups ◽

First Time

The article presents the results of studies of the biomorphological features of muscles acting on shoulder joint of some representatives of order Gaviiformes. Shoulder joint is a multifaceted joint, movements of which are provided not only by the muscles of the shoulder joint itself, but also some muscles of the shoulder girdle and elbow joint. It should be noted that the main muscles of the flight of birds are muscles of the shoulder girdle, in particular: thoracic and m. supracoracoideus. Also important are some of the muscles of the elbow, in particularm.coraco-radialis and m. scapula-triceps This is confirmed both by the points of fixation, and the degree of their development.The degree of development and differentiation of muscles acting on the shoulder joint is different, which is due to the peculiarities of the wing operation during the flight, and in waterfowl – peculiarities of underwater swimmingusing wings. The aim of this biomorphological study was understanding of development degree, and the main, mechanisms of differentiation and transformation of muscles acting on the shoulder joint of birds adapted to the aquatic habitat.Material for research was obtained from the funds of the Department of anatomy of Animals named after acad. V.G. Kasyanenko of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, where the muscle structures of the shoulder joint were studied on black-tailed gagar Gavia immer in number of 3 individuals. Birds of Gaviiformes order are characterized by a rapid, but little maneuverable flight. They are extremely well adapted to the aquatic environment and spend most of their lives in the water, leaving on land only during breeding. These birds perfectly swim and dive, and during diving use not only the pelvic fins but also the wings. This, in turn, imposes certain imprints on the degree of development and differentiation of the studied muscle groups. It was found that among the studied groups of muscles (shoulder girdle, shoulder and elbow joints) the most developed group of muscles is shoulder girdle – 86%. The muscle groups of the elbow – 8.5% and the shoulder – 5.4% of the joints are significantly less. In addition, for the first time, we have found that the largest in its development among all the muscles examined - the thoracic muscle (the group of muscles of the shoulder girdle) has significant differences in comparison with other species of birds. These differences consist in the fact that this muscle is clearly differentiated into two separate layers, in fact two separate muscles – superficial and deep, most of which are developed superficial. Such a differentiation is due to biomorphological adaptations to the habitat.

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Higher bench press performance resulted in higher shoulder stiffness among perak sukma 2018 female rugby players

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v10ispl1.1718 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (SPL1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohansundar Sankaravel ◽

Nur Ikhwan Mohamad ◽

Aida Azmi

Keyword(s):

Strength Training ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Bench Press ◽

External Rotation ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Joint Stiffness ◽

Training Programme ◽

Statistical Correlation ◽

Strength Development ◽

Rugby Players

Bench press exercise is extensively used for chest and shoulder strength development. Joint stiffness is one of the side-effects that may occur with the exercise. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between bench press load and shoulder joint stiffness. Sixteen female rugby players (body weight 53.98 ± 7.14 kg, height 156 ± 5.38 cm) selected for Perak SUKMA 2018 team were assessed during centralized training ~9 months prior to the competition. Shoulder joint stiffness in terms of external and internal rotation range of motions were assessed by a qualified physiotherapist. The participants then performed one repetition maximum (1-RM) Bench press, according to the National Strength & Conditioning Association (NSCA)'s protocol. Standardized warm-up and cooling-down protocol were prescribed to the participants accordingly. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for statistical correlation analysis. Both side shoulder internal and external rotation range of motion measurements showed a negative correlation (r=-0.190 internal, r=-0.285 external) with bench press (average 1-RM load 50.83 ± 9.00 kg) performance. Bench press exercises may result in reduced shoulder mobility due to an increase of muscular tightness around the joint. Maintaining normal mobility of shoulder joint throughout any strength training program is warranted and suggested. The finding also highlighted the importance of the mobility program to always be included together with a strength training programme for athletes.

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