Біоморфологія м’язів, діючих на плечовий суглоб чорнодзьобої гагари

The article presents the results of studies of the biomorphological features of muscles acting on shoulder joint of some representatives of order Gaviiformes. Shoulder joint is a multifaceted joint, movements of which are provided not only by the muscles of the shoulder joint itself, but also some muscles of the shoulder girdle and elbow joint. It should be noted that the main muscles of the flight of birds are muscles of the shoulder girdle, in particular: thoracic and m. supracoracoideus. Also important are some of the muscles of the elbow, in particularm.coraco-radialis and m. scapula-triceps This is confirmed both by the points of fixation, and the degree of their development.The degree of development and differentiation of muscles acting on the shoulder joint is different, which is due to the peculiarities of the wing operation during the flight, and in waterfowl – peculiarities of underwater swimmingusing wings. The aim of this biomorphological study was understanding of development degree, and the main, mechanisms of differentiation and transformation of muscles acting on the shoulder joint of birds adapted to the aquatic habitat.Material for research was obtained from the funds of the Department of anatomy of Animals named after acad. V.G. Kasyanenko of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, where the muscle structures of the shoulder joint were studied on black-tailed gagar Gavia immer in number of 3 individuals. Birds of Gaviiformes order are characterized by a rapid, but little maneuverable flight. They are extremely well adapted to the aquatic environment and spend most of their lives in the water, leaving on land only during breeding. These birds perfectly swim and dive, and during diving use not only the pelvic fins but also the wings. This, in turn, imposes certain imprints on the degree of development and differentiation of the studied muscle groups. It was found that among the studied groups of muscles (shoulder girdle, shoulder and elbow joints) the most developed group of muscles is shoulder girdle – 86%. The muscle groups of the elbow – 8.5% and the shoulder – 5.4% of the joints are significantly less. In addition, for the first time, we have found that the largest in its development among all the muscles examined - the thoracic muscle (the group of muscles of the shoulder girdle) has significant differences in comparison with other species of birds. These differences consist in the fact that this muscle is clearly differentiated into two separate layers, in fact two separate muscles – superficial and deep, most of which are developed superficial. Such a differentiation is due to biomorphological adaptations to the habitat.

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Біоморфологічні особливості м’язів, діючих на плечовий суглоб, деяких представників ряду горобцеподібних – Ordо Passeriformes

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.15421/nvlvet7713 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (77) ◽

pp. 55-59

Author(s):

O.O. Melnyk ◽

M.V. Melnyk

Keyword(s):

Shoulder Joint ◽

Elbow Joint ◽

Muscle Development ◽

Physical Exertion ◽

Shoulder Girdle ◽

Muscle Group ◽

National University ◽

Muscle Groups ◽

Shoulder Girdle Muscles ◽

Fixation Points

Biomorphological features of muscles that act on the shoulder joint of some representatives of orderPasseriformes are represented in the article. As shoulder joint of birds has many axes, not only the muscles of the shoulder joint provide the movements in it, but some of the muscles of the shoulder girdle and elbow joint. It should be noted that the main flight muscles of birds are the shoulder girdle muscles, including the chest (m. pectoralis) and supra-coracoid muscles. Some muscles of an elbow joint, including m. coracoradialis and m. scapuli triceps, are equally important. However, the amount of muscles that somehow act on the shoulder joint of the investigated birds' species is different, the degree of muscle development in these species is also different. In order to understand the degree of development, particularly mechanisms of differentiation and development of muscle structures, a comprehensive study of the muscles of the shoulder girdle, shoulder and elbow joints was conducted. The material for the research was obtained from the funds of the Department of animal anatomy named after acad. V.G. Kasyanenko of National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, where the studies of muscular structures of the shoulder joint of some representatives of order Passeriformes, including raven (Corvus corax), rook (Corvus fragilegus), waxwings (Bombycilla garrulous), were conducted. Research of muscles of the shoulder joint, shoulder girdle and elbow joint of birds was performed on fresh or fixed in 10% formalin solution cadavers. After describing and defining of fixation points of the muscles, they were dissected to determine the location of the muscle fibers. In addition, in order to determine the degree of development of muscles and muscle groups, each muscle was weighed. During the research, muscles were drawn or pictured to complement the work with illustrative material. There was no larger or smaller muscle neither in muscle group of shoulder, nor elbow joint that should be significantly for each case. There is no clear stability in the development of muscle groups of these joints. At the same time, muscle group of elbow joint is more developed than the muscle group of shoulder joint. All these mentioned features of structure and differentiation of muscles, which act on the shoulder joint of birds, are caused by physical exertion, posed by adaptation to a different type, speed and duration of flight.

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PECULIARITIES OF PROVIDING TEACHING OF ENGLISH TO THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF LAND MANAGEMENT OF THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES OF UKRAINE

NEW IMPETUS FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES IN UKRAINE AND EU COUNTRIES: RESEARCH MATTERS ◽

10.30525/978-9934-26-032-2-48 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 397-426

Author(s):

K. H. Yakushko

Keyword(s):

Land Management ◽

Environmental Sciences ◽

National University ◽

Second Year

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Biomechanical substantiation of the technique of hanging in rock climbing

Health, sport, rehabilitation ◽

10.34142/hsr.2019.05.01.03 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

S.V. Kozin

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Spine ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Kinematic Chain ◽

Vertical Axis ◽

Shoulder Girdle ◽

Rock Climbing ◽

Kinematic Parameters ◽

Theoretical Justification ◽

Kinematic Characteristics ◽

Correct Technique

The purpose of the work is to identify the main kinematic characteristics of a hanging in rock climbing by athletes of different qualifications and theoretically substantiate the correct technique for performing of a given movement. Material and methods. The technique of hanging performance in bouldering of 20 leading climbers of the World and Ukraine and 20 beginner male amateur climbers was analyzed. The age of athletes was 22.4 ± 3.2 years, body length 178.5 ± 12.5 cm, body weight 72.2 ± 8.5 kg. A qualified athlete took part in a demonstration of various models for performing a hang. Using the Kinovea 0.8.15 computer program, the kinematic characteristics of the two models of technology were analyzed (model 1 — typical for novice athletes, model 2 — typical of qualified athletes) based on determining the angle between the shoulder and shoulder girdle, as well as between the lumbar spine and vertical axis. Results. The main kinematic parameters of vibration in climbing for various models of equipment, characteristic of athletes of different qualifications, are revealed. The presence of significant differences (p <0.001) in the angles between the shoulder and the upper arm, between the lower spine and the vertical axis in the fixation phase of the vis is shown. The angle between the shoulder and shoulder girdle in the first model of technology was 1460, in the second model of technology this angle is 970. The angle between the lumbar spine and the vertical axis was 110 in the first model, in the second model this angle was 280. A theoretical justification of the correct hanging technique climbing in terms of the laws of mechanics and the laws of the interaction of forces in the kinematic chain. Findings. In the first model, vis is carried out mainly due to the ligamentous apparatus of the joints of the shoulder girdle with minimal inclusion of muscles, which is dangerous by injury to the ligaments of the shoulder joint. In the second model, VIS also provides for the inclusion of the muscles of the trunk and legs, which reduces the load on the ligamentous apparatus and reduces the chance of injury to the ligaments of the shoulder joint.

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Е-ENVIRONMENT BASED ON MICROSOFT SHAREPOINT FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF GROUP PROJECT WORK OF STUDENTS AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Information Technologies and Learning Tools ◽

10.33407/itlt.v62i6.1837 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 98 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olena G. Glazunova ◽

Olena G. Kuzminska ◽

Tetyana V. Voloshyna ◽

Taisia P. Sayapina ◽

Valentyna I. Korolchuk

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Information Technologies ◽

Academic Discipline ◽

Cloud Services ◽

Project Work ◽

Environmental Sciences ◽

Group Project ◽

Project Method ◽

Environment Model ◽

National University

Materials of the article are devoted to the experience of implementing cloud services in the process of training students at the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. The latest research in the field of designing and creating e-environments for the organization of group project work has been analyzed. The e-environment model based on Microsoft SharePoint is developed and the method of using Office 365 cloud services in a single e-environment for organizing group project work of students is given. This article offers the developed criteria and selected tools for assessing the effectiveness of using the e-environment for the organization of group project work. It presents the materials and analysis of the results of applying the project method in the course of studying the academic discipline “Information Technologies” at the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. It also defines the advantages of applying e-environment based on Microsoft SharePoint for the organization of students’ project work.

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ECOLOGICAL GROUPS OF WATER BEETLES (INSECTA, COLEOPTERA) OF THE FAMILY DYTISCIDAE IN THE TUVA REPUBLIC

EurasianUnionScientists ◽

10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.3.80.1108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (11(80)) ◽

pp. 22-25

Author(s):

Ch. Kuzhuget

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Ecological Groups ◽

Water Beetles ◽

The Family ◽

Rivers And Lakes ◽

Main Factors ◽

First Time

In the basins of rivers and lakes of Tuva, 91 species of water beetles from the Dytiscidae family were found. All species from the Dytiscidae family were grouped into different ecological groups for the first time in Tuva Republic in relation to the main factors of the aquatic environment: flow rate, temperature, salinity and ground type.

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The formation of the original repertory for the Folk Instruments Orchestra of Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts as a historical mission of Kharkiv composers (1950–1960)

Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education ◽

10.34064/khnum1-60.12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (60) ◽

pp. 216-238

Author(s):

Strilets Andriy

Keyword(s):

Symphony Orchestra ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Academic Status ◽

European Tradition ◽

Original Works ◽

National University ◽

The Individual ◽

Interdisciplinary Interaction ◽

Historical Moment ◽

First Time

Statement of the problem. The Folk Instruments Orchestra of Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts has been performing for more than 90 years. However, the original works composed for this orchestra have never been the subject of serious scientific interest. The relevance of the problem is determined by the necessity to generalize the previous generations of composers’, performers’ and teachers’ experience in the field of folk instrumental art, in particular, the training in the orchestra of folk instruments as a concert unit. Analysis of recent publications shows, that the study on folk instruments orchestral performance has not been reflected in national scientific journals for a long while, but currently this is considered as an up-to-date issue. The articles by N. Bashmakova and V. Kikas and Yu. Fedotov (2018), Z. Stelmashchuk (2014), K. Maidenberg-Todorova (2019), I. Fedun (2020) are confirming this statement. The main purpose of the article is to find basic principles of the original repertoire formation for the Folk Instruments Orchestra of Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts related to the creative activities of Kharkiv composers in the 1950–1960s. For the first time, the historical mission played by Kharkiv composers in the original repertoire formation of the Folk Instruments Orchestra of Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts is determined. The concept of the article is based on the interdisciplinary interaction of historiographical, holistic, genre-stylistic and performing methods of researching, as well as a phenomenological approach to the analysis of the individual style of a composer based on the example of the particular works. Results and conclusions. The selected works by O. Steblyanko, D. Klebanov, V. Borisov, B. Alekseev, I. Kovach, P. Haydamaka and V. Podgorny included in the concert program of the creative project of 2021 have been analyzed due to their compositional, intonation and dramaturgical structure. The compositions that have been arranged for the folk instruments orchestra from the scores of symphony orchestra or ones instrumented from the compositions for accordion, domra ensemble, domra accompanied by piano were identified. According to the results of analysis, the creative approach of the composers of Slobozhanshchina in the 1950s–1960s was based on the thematic development of folklore material (song and dance prototypes) or the creation of the original themes, which are as close as possible to the folk samples. Having created large forms for domra and balalaika, Kharkiv composers fulfilled a historical mission in the formation of the original repertoire and, correspondingly, genre and stylistic priorities of the Folk Instruments Orchestra of KhNUA named after I. P. Kotlyarevsky. Due to the arrangements of these works for the folk instruments orchestra, a high academic status of playing folk instruments was demonstrated. It is necessary to emphasize the genre and stylistic orientation of these works on the Western European tradition. Along with the traditional forms of processing and arrangement, the folk instrumental art received the entire genre palette of European music, from miniatures to suites and concerts (in terms of timbre and texture capabilities of the folk instruments). On this way we see the keys to the academic status of the folk instruments orchestra. The prospects for further development of the theme. On the basis of the formed original repertoire at a certain historical moment it is possible to substantiate other leading principles of the orchestra as a concert and educational unit: the combination of an orchestra performer’s training, the formation of his professional skills with the ensemble’s concert activity; the introduction of academic approaches in the training of the folk instruments performers, conductors etc.

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Two new records of flowering plants from Lesotho

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v47i1.2099 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khotso Kobisi ◽

Lerato S. Kose ◽

Annah Moteetee

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

New Records ◽

Field Trips ◽

Flowering Plants ◽

Plant Identification ◽

The Family ◽

National University ◽

The University ◽

First Time

Background: A number of books, articles and checklists have been published on Lesotho’s flora. The species presented here have been recorded for South Africa but have not previously been recorded for Lesotho.Objectives: As part of a study aimed at updating biodiversity records of the southern parts of Lesotho (Qacha’s Nek and Quthing districts), with the main focus of compiling a checklist for the Sehlabethebe National Park, this report presents plant species that have until now not been recorded for the Lesotho flora.Method: Several field trips were undertaken between 2004 and 2009. Plant identification was done based on observation and photographic records. After the compilation of the checklist, it became clear that two of the species observed had not been previously recorded for Lesotho. A follow-up trip was carried out in February 2016, during which plant specimens of the presumed new records were collected and deposited at the National University of Lesotho Herbarium (ROML) [and the University of Johannesburg Herbarium (JRAU)]. Plant identification was confirmed by experts in the family Apocynaceae.Results: Two species not previously recorded for Lesotho, namely Ceropegia africana subsp. barklyi and Duvalia caespitosa subsp. caespitosa, were found during the exploration of the southern parts of Lesotho which included the Sehlabathebe National Park.Conclusions: The fact that two species have been recorded in Lesotho for the first time clearly indicates that documentation of the flora of Lesotho needs to be updated. This work is therefore regarded as complementary to previous publications on the Lesotho flora.

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Points of the Shoulder Joint, Elbow Joint, Wrist

Ear Acupuncture ◽

10.1055/b-0034-75291 ◽

2011 ◽

Keyword(s):

Shoulder Joint ◽

Elbow Joint

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Aromatase pathway mediates sex change in each direction

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2005.3097 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 272 (1570) ◽

pp. 1399-1405 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Frederieke J Kroon ◽

Philip L Munday ◽

David A Westcott ◽

Jean-Paul A Hobbs ◽

N. Robin Liley

Keyword(s):

Sexual Development ◽

Sex Differentiation ◽

Sex Change ◽

Experimental Manipulation ◽

Social Cues ◽

Environmental Sex Determination ◽

Bidirectional Sex Change ◽

Key Enzyme ◽

Development And Differentiation ◽

First Time

The enzyme aromatase controls the androgen/oestrogen ratio by catalysing the irreversible conversion of testosterone into oestradiol (E 2 ). Therefore, the regulation of E 2 synthesis by aromatase is thought to be critical in sexual development and differentiation. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that experimental manipulation of E 2 levels via the aromatase pathway induces adult sex change in each direction in a hermaphroditic fish that naturally exhibits bidirectional sex change. Our results demonstrate that a single enzymatic pathway can regulate both female and male sexual differentiation, and that aromatase may be the key enzyme that transduces environmental, including social, cues to functional sex differentiation in species with environmental sex determination.

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