Interaction of Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani as root rot pathogens of Cucumis melo

ABSTRACT Root diseases represent one of the main reasons for yield loss in melon crops, especially root and stem rots caused by pathogens like the fungi Fusarium solani (Fs), Macrophomina phaseolina (Mp) and Rhizoctonia solani (Rs), frequently observed in muskmelon either alone or in combination. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the interaction between the pathogens Fs, Mp and Rs on the incidence and severity of root rot and muskmelon development. Two greenhouse experiments were performed using plastic pots with substrate infested with each pathogenic agent alone or in combination. The second experiment was conducted in the same pots that were used in the first experiment. In the first experiment, the disease incidence was higher for the treatment with Fs alone. In the second experiment, the disease incidence and severity were greater for treatment Fs + Rs than for Fs alone. Macrophomina phaseolina was the most commonly isolated pathogen when applied to the plants in a paired mixed inoculum (Fs + Mp and Mp + Rs) in the first experiment. In the second experiment, Fs was more prevalent than the other studied pathogens. Soil infested with Fs had the lowest fresh weight of muskmelon. The pathogens Fs and Mp were more competitive than Rs.

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Efficacy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other biocontrol agents in the control of root rot infection in cotton

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1997.001 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 50 (1-2) ◽

pp. 5-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shamama Shamim ◽

Nuzhat Ahmad ◽

Atta Rahman ◽

S. Ehteshmul-Haque ◽

Abdul Ghaffar

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Plant Height ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Root Rot ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Trichoderma Koningii ◽

Pot Experiments ◽

Combined Use

Seed dressing with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma koningii significantly (p<0,05) reduced infection of Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani on cotton roots in pot experiments and in field. Combined use of P.aeruginosa strain CMG63 with T.koningii produced greater plant height and fresh weight of shoot in field as compared to CMG52 which showed better results in pot experiments.

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Feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformis) no controle da podridão radicular do meloeiro causada por associação de patógenos

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/0100-5405/2183 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 327-332

Author(s):

Maria Alice Formiga Porto ◽

◽

Márcia Michelle de Queiroz Ambrósio ◽

Francisco Cláudio Lopes de Freitas ◽

Selma Rogéria de Carvalho Nascimento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Cucumis Melo ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Canavalia Ensiformis ◽

Cucumis Melo L

RESUMO A ocorrência de doenças radiculares representa uma das principais causas de perda de rendimento na cultura do melão, com destaque para patógenos causadores das podridões de raízes e colos, como os fungos Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina e Rhizoctonia solani, observados no meloeiro tanto de forma isolada quanto associada. A utilização de material vegetal e restos de culturas, além de melhorar as propriedades físicas do solo e favorecer a atividade microbiana neste ambiente, pode interferir negativamente sobre a população de patógenos. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito da utilização do Feijão-de-porco [Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC] no manejo da podridão radicular do meloeiro (Cucumis melo L.) causada pelos patógenos F. solani, M. phaseolina e R. solani, quando sozinhos ou associados. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação no delineamento de blocos casualizados, com esquema fatorial 8 x 4, sendo 8 tipos de fungos/associações e 4 formas de manejo, com 4 repetições. As características avaliadas foram: incidência de podridão radicular das plantas de melão no final do ciclo, prevalência dos patógenos e a massa da matéria seca do meloeiro. O feijão-de-porco em cobertura proporciona menor incidência de podridão radicular no meloeiro quando Fusarium solani está sozinho. Macrophomina phaseolina é o fungo que prevalece na maioria das associações nas quais está presente. Aumento na massa da matéria seca do meloeiro foi observado quando aplicado o mulch (filme de polietileno preto) nos tratamentos com associação de F. solani + R. solani e no solo não infestado.

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INFLUENCE OF WEATHER PARAMETERS ON THE INCIDENCE OF ROOT ROT (MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA) DISEASE IN MULBERRY

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i7.2021.4069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 48-60

Author(s):

S. Vanitha ◽

M. M. Deshmukh ◽

Pooshna Sri . M

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Root Rot ◽

Monsoon Season ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Root Diseases ◽

South West Monsoon ◽

Weather Parameters ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Seasonal Analysis

Root rot disease caused by M. is the major disease in mulberry. The study was conducted in 50 mulberry gardens covering 15 villages during the year 2012-13 by adopting random sampling method. The present survey was taken up in the viz., Coimbatore, Erode, , , , and to assess the incidence of root diseases. The environmental factors that most seriously affect the initiation and development of infectious plant disease are temperature and humidity of the air, amount of rainfall, soil temperature, moisture and fertility. These factors affect disease development through their influence on the growth and susceptibility of the host, on the multiplication and activity of the pathogen or on the interaction of host and pathogen relates to the severity of symptom development. Correlation studies have revealed that average temperature plays the key role in disease incidence invariably in all the locations studied except district, which had no correlation with any of the weather variables, studied. root rot incidence attained peak during a particular period of a month where weather parameters like Temperature, Relative Humidity, Rainfall, Soil Moisture, and Soil Temperature were favorable. The root rot incidence will be minimum if all these conditions are unfavorable. Seasonal analysis revealed that South West Monsoon season was the predominant season for root rot incidence in mulberry. All the locations had peak incidence during SWM season only. The least occurrence had no specific season as it occurs in all the remaining three seasons.

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Métodos de inoculação de Rhizoctonia solani e Macrophomina phaseolina em meloeiro (Cucumis melo)

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/0100-5405/2083 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 281-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Alexis Calafange Medeiros ◽

Dalila Regina Mota de Melo ◽

Márcia Michelle de Queiroz Ambrósio ◽

Glauber Henrique de Sousa Nunes ◽

José Maria da Costa

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Cucumis Melo ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina

RESUMOA utilização de métodos de inoculação constitui uma medida estratégica no estudo de resistência das cucurbitáceas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar dois métodos de inoculação de Rhizoctonia solani e Macrophomina phaseolina em meloeiro, visando o estudo de resistência. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação na Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, em Mossoró-RN, Brasil. Foram avaliados 05 acessos: A-09, A-16, A-18, A-22 e A-33 para R. solani e A-09, A-16, A-24, MR-1 e 'Olimpic' para M. phaseolina. Foram estudados os métodos areno-orgânico e palito de dente. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 5 repetições. Os isolados utilizados foram: Me 242, Me 243, Me 244 de R. Solani e I-248, I-249 e I-250 de M. phaseolina. Os acessos de meloeiro foram avaliados quanto à severidade da doença por uma escala de nota de 1 a 5. O método do palito de dente foi o mais eficiente em discriminar acessos de melão resistentes e suscetíveis e os isolados de R. solani e M. phaseolina quanto à virulência.

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Application of Mycorrhizae for Controlling Root Diseases of Sesame

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.2478/v10045-011-0058-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 355-361 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

El-Sayed Ziedan ◽

Ibrahim Elewa ◽

Mostafa Mostafa ◽

Ahmed Sahab

Keyword(s):

Root System ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Root Rot ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Va Mycorrhizae ◽

Root Diseases

Application of Mycorrhizae for Controlling Root Diseases of Sesame Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (VAM) was evaluated as a biotic agent for controlling wilt and root-rot diseases of sesame caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami (Zap.) Cast and Macrophomina phaseolina (Moubl) Ashby pathogens can infect sesame plant at any growth stage causing considerable losses of seed yield. Spores of VA mycorrhizae fungi (Glomus spp.) were collected from the soil around the root systems of sesame plants then propagated on roots of Suddan grass (Sorghum vulgare var. sudanese). Under green house and field conditions, two hundreds sporocarps of Glomus spp. were added as a soil drench beside the sesame plant. Glomus spp. (VA mycorrhizae) significantly reduced wilt and root-rot incidence of sesame plants. Lums spp. (VA mycorrhizae) also significantly increased plant morphological characters such as plant height, number of branches and number of pods for each plant. Application of Glomus spp. to protect sesame plants by colonizing the root system, significantly reduced colonization of fungal pathogens in sesame rhizosphere as well as pathogenic activity of fungal pathogens increased lignin contents in the sesame root system were also observed. Furthermore, mycorrhizae treatment provided selective bacterial stimulation for colonization on sesame rhizosphere. These bacteria belonging the Bacillus group showed highly antagonistic potential to fungal pathogens. Application of mycorrhizae together with other biocontrol agent such as Trichoderma viride or Bacillus subtilis significantly effected than individual treatments for controlling these diseases incidences and increasing morphological characters and seed yield of sesame.

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Root-rot resistance in common bean

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps93-054 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 365-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J. C. Tu ◽

S. J. Park

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Common Bean ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Key Words ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Root Rot ◽

Pythium Ultimum ◽

Growth Room

A bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) line, A - 300, resistant to Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum was introduced into Ontario from Colombia. The results of tests conducted in a root-rot nursery, in a greenhouse and in a growth room showed that this bean line is resistant to Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli and Pythium ultimum. Key words: Bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, root rot resistance

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First report of collar and root rot of faba bean caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 IIIB in Bangladesh

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-08-21-1603-pdn ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. K. Paul ◽

Dipali Rani Gupta ◽

Nur Uddin Mahmud ◽

A.N.M. Muzahid ◽

Tofazzal Islam

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Faba Bean ◽

Root Rot ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Its Region ◽

Anastomosis Group ◽

Grain Legume ◽

Collar And Root Rot ◽

Wheat Kernels

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an underutilized promising grain legume commercially grown in central and northern part of Bangladesh (Yasmin et al. 2020). In January 2021, faba bean plants exhibiting symptoms of collar and root rot and yellowing of leaves were observed in thirty plots of an experimental field at the Bangladesh Agricultural University (24.75° N, 90.50° E), Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Infected plants had dark brown to black lesions on the roots, extending above the collar region. An average disease incidence and severity was 7.16% and 6.91%, respectively. Eight diseased plants were collected from the field by uprooting one plant from each of eight randomly selected experimental plots and surface disinfected with sodium hypochlorite (0.2%) for 3 min followed by 1 min in ethanol (70%), and then rinsed three times with distilled water and dried on sterile paper towels. Collar and root pieces (5×5 mm) of symptomatic tissues were placed on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Plates were incubated at 25°C for three days and isolates were purified from single-tip culture. The isolates produced brown colored mycelia often with brown sclerotia. Under microscope, fungal colonies exhibited right–angled branching with constriction at the base of hyphal branches and a septum near the originating point of hyphal branch consistent with the description of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (Sneh et al. 1991). The isolates grew at 35°C on PDA (5 mm/24). Molecular identification of the isolates BTRFB1 and BTRFB7 was determined by sequencing the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using primers ITS1 and ITS4 (White et al. 1990). A BLAST search showed that the sequences (GenBank Accession nos. MZ158299.1 and MZ158298.1) had 99.28% similarity with R. solani isolates Y1063 and SX-RSD1 (GenBank Accession nos. JX913811.1 and KC413984.1, respectively). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the present isolates grouped with R. solani anastomosis group AG-2-2 IIIB. To confirm pathogenicity, both isolates were grown individually on sterile wheat kernels at 28°C for 6 days (D’aes et al. 2011). Faba bean seedlings were grown in plastic pots containing sterile potting mix (field soil/composted manure/sand 2:2:1 [v/v]). Two-week-old plants were inoculated by placing five infested wheat seeds adjacent to the roots. Control pots were inoculated with sterile wheat kernels using the same procedure. Plants were placed in a growth room with a 16 h/8 h light/dark photoperiod at 25 ± 2°C after inoculation. Fifteen days after inoculation, typical collar and root rot symptoms were developed on inoculated plants, similar to symptoms observed in the field. Control plants remained non-symptomatic. Finally, six isolates of R. solani were isolated from the symptomatic plants and identified by morphological and molecular analysis. Rhizoctonia solani is the causal agent of seed and root rot, hypocotyl canker, and seedling damping-off diseases of faba bean in many other countries (Rashid and Bernier 1993; Assunção et al. 2011). To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of Rhizoctonia solani causing collar and root rot of faba bean in Bangladesh. This finding will be helpful for the development of management strategies to control this disease and to expand the production of faba bean in Bangladesh.

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Antagonismo de Trichoderma harzianum contra la fusariosis del garbanzo y su efecto biofertilizante

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas ◽

10.29312/remexca.v11i5.2325 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1135-1147

Author(s):

Talina Olivia Martínez-Martínez ◽

Brenda Zulema Guerrero-Aguilar ◽

Víctor Pecina-Quintero ◽

Enrique González-Pérez ◽

Juan Gabriel Angeles-Núñez

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Fusarium Solani ◽

Baja California ◽

Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina

El garbanzo es una leguminosa, que se cultiva en dos regiones de México principalmente, noroeste (Sonora, Sinaloa y Baja california) y la región de El Bajío (Guanajuato, Michoacán y Jalisco); sin embargo, cada año la producción del cultivo está comprometida con la fusariosis vascular, una de las principales enfermedades que afectan al cultivo y que está asociada al complejo fúngico Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina y Sclerotium rolfsii. Una alternativa de control biológico es la aplicación de Trichoderma, la que además tiene un efecto indirecto en la nutrición de la planta. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el antagonismo in vitro de dos cepas de Trichoderma harzianum (T1 y T2) y su efecto como biofertilizante. Se realizaron confrontaciones in vitro contra cepas de las razas de Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc 0, 1B/C, 5 y 6), Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina (MSonora y M-GTO) y Sclerotium rolfsii. Se evaluó el efecto de T2 como biofertilizante (TB) midiendo las variables: número de flores, vainas, altura de la planta, diámetro del tallo, longitud de la raíz y rendimiento de grano. Las dos cepas de T. harzianum mostraron antagonismo en diferente escala contra los patógenos. Adicionalmente, con el tratamiento donde se aplicó T. harzianum (TB) se presentaron incrementos en el número de flores (30%), vainas (24%), altura (3%), diámetro de las plantas (3.5%), así como la longitud de la raíz (13%) y rendimiento del grano (23%).

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Use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and soil organic amendments for the management of root diseases complex of uridbean

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2001.006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

I. A. Siddiqui ◽

S. S.. Shaukat ◽

S. Ehteshamul-Haque

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Organic Amendment ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Neem Cake ◽

Root Diseases ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

Efficacy of two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa-5 and IE-2) and Bacillus subtilis isolate alone or in conjunction with neem cake or Datura fastuosa was tested for the management of three soilbrne root-infecting fungi including Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani and the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica on uridbean. Biocontrol bacteria used in combination with either neem cake or D.fastuosa gave better control of the root-rot and root-knot infection with the enhancement of growth of uridbean compared to the use ofeither component alone. Neem cake l% w/w mixed with P.aeruginosa strain IE-2 caused greatest inhibition of the root-knot development due to M.javanica, P.aeruginosa and B.subtilis used with organic amendment also increased Bradyrhizobium-nodules in the root system.

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Soil amendment with Aerva javanica (Burm. F.) Juss. ex Schult. in the control of root rot fungi of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] and mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.)]

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.2012.009 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 69-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Naheed Ikram ◽

Shahnaz Dawar

Keyword(s):

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Root Rot ◽

Vigna Radiata ◽

Mung Bean ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Plant Parts

Root rot fungi cause severe losses of crop plants, so the present work was carried out to determine the effect of Aerva javanica parts powder on root infecting fungi of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.). A. javanica parts (stem, leaves and flower) were used as soil amendments at 0.1, 1 and 5% to check the effectiveness on growth parameters. All the plant parts showed a significant reduction in root rot fungi like Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, and Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. It was noted that germination percentage, fresh weight, leaf area and number of nodules were significantly higher and the inhibitory effect on root rot fungi increased when the soil was amended with A. javanica leaves at 1%. Thus, among all the treatments, A. javanica leaves at 1% were found to be the most effective against root rot fungi.

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