scholarly journals Insights on deflation theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-357
Author(s):  
ANGEL ASENSIO
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Consistent Theory ◽  
Fundamental Uncertainty ◽  
Competitive Forces ◽  
Debt Deflation ◽  
Keynes General Theory ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACT Irving Fisher offered a ‘tentative’ debt-deflation theory of great depressions rather than a fully consistent theory of his ‘creed’: “I say ‘creed’ because, for brevity, it is purposely expressed dogmatically and without proof. [...] it is quite tentative” (Fisher 1933, p. 337). The paper argues that prominent authors who strived to explain his ideas within the Walrasian apparatus could not deliver a consistent theory of deflation with protracted depression. This is basically because destabilizing market forces cannot dominate in that conceptual framework. By contrast, owing to the way competitive forces operate under fundamental uncertainty, Keynes’ General Theory escapes the contradiction.

Marketization and Educational Institutions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Nuno Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Economic Organizations ◽  
Competitive Forces ◽  
The Way

The way education is perceived socially and politically has changed significantly over the last half century. The growing pervasiveness of economic analysis in education has contributed significantly, among other societal and political factors, to a reformulation in the way educational organizations are conceived, particularly due to the economic and social effects of their activity. One of the major dimensions of that change has been the strengthening of a discourse that emphasized the advantages of market and competitive forces over public regulation and of privatization and quasi-private rationales over public ones. Despite significant social and political resistances, the education sector has been experiencing a growing influence of market and competitive forces, and this is particularly visible in the higher education sector. Hence, several policy developments have led to the strengthening of market forces and competition in higher education. This encompasses changes in the contextual conditions through which market forces have been strengthened and the subsequent impact of marketization, competition, and privatization policies at the institutional level. However, this faces resistance, not least due to the peculiarities of educational sectors and institutions, that begs reflection about the potential and limitations of approaching education institutions as economic organizations.

Flat functors and classifying toposes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Caramello
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Geometric Theory ◽  
Small Category ◽  
Independent Interest ◽  
Yoneda Lemma ◽  
Geometric Morphisms ◽  
The Way

This chapter develops a general theory of extensions of flat functors along geometric morphisms of toposes; the attention is focused in particular on geometric morphisms between presheaf toposes induced by embeddings of categories and on geometric morphisms to the classifying topos of a geometric theory induced by a small category of set-based models of the latter. A number of general results of independent interest are established on the way, including developments on colimits of internal diagrams in toposes and a way of representing flat functors by using a suitable internalized version of the Yoneda lemma. These general results will be instrumental for establishing in Chapter 6 the main theorem characterizing the class of geometric theories classified by a presheaf topos and for applying it.

Corporate Reorganization Law and Forces of Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Corporate Reorganization ◽  
Process Of Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Way

This book is concerned with the way in which forces of change, from the fields of finance and non-financial corporates, cause participants in the corporate reorganization process to adapt the ways in which they mobilize corporate reorganization law. It argues that scholars, practitioners, judges, and the legislature must all take care to connect their conceptual frameworks to the specific adaptations which emerge from this process of change. It further argues that this need to connect theoretical and policy concepts with practical adaptations has posed particular challenges when US corporate reorganization law has been under examination in the decade since the financial crisis. At the same time, the book suggests that English scholars, practitioners, judges, and the legislature have been more successful, over the course of the past ten years, in choosing concepts to frame their analysis which are sensitive to the ways in which corporate reorganization law is currently used. Nonetheless, it suggests that new problems may be on the horizon for English corporate reorganization lawyers in adapting their conceptual framework in the decades to come.

HIGH LEVELS OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE MERCANTILIST ERA

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Letiche
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Political Unrest ◽  
Keynes General Theory

This article draws attention to the high levels of unemployment in the mercantilist era, a parallel to conditions in the less developed countries at the present time. Understandably, distinguished economists of the twentieth century, writing before the publication of Keynes’ General Theory, tended to underestimate this problem. Actual causes of the high levels of unemployment are examined, including the fluctuating impacts of merchant entrepreneurs, agricultural revolutions, political unrest, and warfare, as well as nutritional deficiencies, which contributed directly to unemployment.

scholarly journals A Model for understanding supply chain networks

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Brito ◽  
Catarina Roseira
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Supply Management ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Supplier Relationships ◽  
Supply Chain Networks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Organisational performance tends to be highly dependent on suppliers' actions and on the way the relationships with them are managed by the buying company. Researchers have conducted extensive and valuable studies on the impact of supplier relationships in a network context. However, some important issues regarding supply management and its effects on the strategy of the buying firm have not been fully investigated. This article presents a model of supply chain networks developed on the basis of the conceptual framework of the IMP group. The aim is to contribute toward a better understanding of supply management through the integration of both relational, portfolio and network issues.

A “Second Edition” of Keynes’ General Theory

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Thirlwall ◽  
J. M. Keynes
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Keynes General Theory

scholarly journals Civil Military Cooperation (CIMIC) in Cyber Security Domain: Analyzing Pakistan's Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Syeda Sundus Anwar ◽  
Tughral Yamin
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
Military Cooperation ◽  
Policy And Strategy ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Way

A clear lack of Civil-Military Cooperation is evident in the field of national cybersecurity policy. For a country such as Pakistan with fractious political, cultural, and diverse ethnic identities and ideological characteristics, an unguarded cyber domain can add to the existing rifts. In light of these challenges, Pakistan needs to create a national cybersecurity policy and strategy incorporating both civil and military concerns. The aim of this research paper is to find out a conceptual framework of Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC) in the realm of cybersecurity. This study has used open-ended semistructured interviews to find out the way forward and the hindrances in civil-military cooperation to create a robust national cybersecurity regime. For an effective national cybersecurity policy, synergy has to be created between the civil and military sectors. The military should not only have the necessary cybersecurity expertise, but it should also organize cyber-drills incorporating all stakeholders.

scholarly journals Keynes on Expectations, Uncertainty and Defensive Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando J. Cardim de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Defensive Behavior ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Precautionary Savings ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Milton Friedman ◽  
Mechanistic Approach ◽  
Fundamental Uncertainty ◽  
Conventional Behavior

Keynesianism dominated macroeconomics until the early 1970s in the form of what was called hydraulic Keynesianism, a fundamentally mechanistic approach that assumed that economic agents always reacted in the same way to a certain set of stimuli. The dominance of hydraulic Keynesianism opened the way for the emerging criticism, first by Milton Friedman, and later by New Classical economists, that Keynesianism had no place for expectations. Keynes, however, dedicated close attention to the ways expectations were formed under fundamental uncertainty and how economic behavior was changed when agents acknowledged that the future was uncertain. For Keynes, acknowledging uncertainty meant that agents sought to take precautions against the possibility that their expectations were wrong and the decisions relying on them were incorrect. In The General Theory, Keynes showed that, in practically all fields, behavior would be significantly changed when agents acknowledged uncertainty. Precautionary savings, liquidity preference, conventional behavior, were all particular manifestations of the attempt to get protection against the losses that could result from the disappointment of expectations.

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