scholarly journals MULTIPROFESSIONAL ELECTRONIC PROTOCOL FOR DIGESTIVE SURGERY VALIDATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faruk Abrão KALIL-FILHO ◽  
José Simão de Paula PINTO ◽  
Emerson P BORSATO ◽  
Carlos Henrique KURETZKI ◽  
Bruno Luiz ARIEDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Clinical Database ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Digestive Surgery ◽  
Digestive Diseases

Abstract Background: The creation of a computerized clinical database with the ability to collect prospective information from patients and with the possibility of rescue and crossing data enables scientific studies of higher quality and credibility in less time. Aim: To validate, in a single master protocol, the clinical data referring to Surgery of Digestive System in a multidisciplinary way, incorporating in the SINPE© platform, and to verify the incidence of digestive diseases based on the prospectively performed collections. Method: Organize in one software, in a standardized structure, all the pre-existing items in the SINPE© database; the theoretical basis was computerized through the MIGRASINPE© module creating a single multiprofessional master protocol for use as a whole. Results: The existing specific protocols were created and/or adapted - they correspond to the most prevalent digestive diseases - unifying them. The possibility of multiprofessional use was created by integrating all data collected from medicine, nursing, physiotherapy, nutrition and health management in a prospective way. The total was 4,281 collections, distributed as follows: extrahepatic biliary tract, n=1,786; esophagus, n=1015; anorectal, n=736; colon, n=550; small intestine, n=86; pancreas, n=71; stomach, n=23; liver, n=14. Conclusions: The validation of the unification and structuring in a single master protocol of the clinical data referring to the Surgery of the Digestive System in a multiprofessional and prospective way was possible and the epidemiological study carried out allowed to identify the most prevalent digestive diseases.

scholarly journals THE ETHIOPATOGENESIS AND THE ANALYSIS OF AN ANTIBIOTIC TREATMENT OF A SMALL INTESTINE BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH SYNDROME

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
V. L. Martynov ◽  
A. Kh. Khairdinov
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Overgrowth Syndrome ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Low Efficiency

Article is attempt of the critical analysis of modern approaches to treatment of a small intestine bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO). SIBO now is one of the major problems in gastroenterology. At the same time, the bacterial overgrowth is cause and consequence of many diseases of digestive system and extradigestive manifestations. Many researches testify to prevalence of SIBO in patients with digestive diseases. However, pathogenesis of a disease is studied insufficiently today. Nevertheless, the available data of scientific researches allow to belong to the offered ways of diagnostics and treatment critically.Data on physiology of microbiota of the digestive tract of the healthy person are provided in a review. Mechanisms of antimicrobic resistance of a microbiota of intestines are considered. Interrelations between an antibiotikassociated degeneration of normal flora and bacterial overgrowth are presented. The analysis of an antibiotiktherapi of SIBO indicates low efficiency and also possible ways became chronicle diseaseand frequent recurrence of an illness. The multiple-factors and complexity of pathogenesis of SIBO are leaded authors to a conclusion to use ethiopathogenesis approaches for solution of SIBO.

IMPROVEMENT OF MEDICAL SUPPLIES TO HELP WITH DISORDERS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM FUNCTION DURING SPACE MISSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
V.V. Bogomolov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Polyakov ◽  
I.V. Kovachevich ◽  
L.G. Repenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Histamine Receptor ◽  
Space Mission ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Histamine Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Analysis of digestive function (DF) disorders in cosmonauts-participants in 83 main missions to the station Mir and ISS showed that episodic DF problems had been abated successfully with the help of onboard medicaments. Comparative assessment of the spaceflight adversities and digestive disease risk factors resulted in drawing up a list of predictable digestive diseases that includes the gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspesia. Following the ensuing recommendations, the onboard medical kits have been complemented with the proton pump inhibitors, H2-histamine receptor antagonists, prokinetics of new classes, antibacterials, ursodesocholic acid preparations, and probiotics to treat gut dysbiosis. A broad use of prefilled syringes is advisable.

scholarly journals Anatomical and Morphometric Study of Small and Large Intestine of Bali Cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Luh Gde Surya Heryani ◽  
Ni Nyoman Werdi Susari ◽  
Luh Putu Syamadina Pramesya Nareswari
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
The Right

Information on the anatomical and morphometric structure of the digestive system of Bali cattle will provide a clear and precise picture if abnormalities occur in the organs in the digestive system. This study aims to determine the anatomical and morphometric structures of the small intestine and large intestine of Bali cattle. Samples were taken from 14 Bali cattle and based on gross pathology examination declared healthy. The results showed that the average length of the small intestine including the duodenum, jejunum and ileum are 473.07 cm, 529.64 cm, and 363.64 cm; and successive widths are 5.50 cm, 6.00 cm, and 6.11 cm. While the average length of the large intestine which includes the cecum, colon and rectum are 36.78 cm, 371.21, 50.00 cm; while the width are 9.65 cm, 11.47 cm, and 8.85 cm. Jejunum has the longest size in the small intestine, while in the large intestine the longest size is the colon. The right information and data about the digestive system are very important and useful to support further clinical and preclinical research, and the results of this study can be used as a reference in determining the characterization of Bali cattle.

scholarly journals A Method for Deriving Quasi-healthy Cohorts From Clinical Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117822261877775
Author(s):  
Satoshi Irino ◽  
Yukio Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Clinical Database ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Effective Condition

We evaluated quasi-healthy cohorts (model cohorts), derived from clinical data, to determine how well they simulated control cohorts. Control cohorts comprised individuals extracted from a public checkup database in Japan, under the condition that their values for 3 basic laboratory tests fall within specific reference ranges (3Ts condition). Model cohorts comprised outpatients, extracted from a clinical database at a hospital, under the 3Ts condition or under the condition that their values for 4 laboratory tests fall within specific reference ranges (4Ts condition). Because even a patient with a serious illness, such as cancer, may present with normal values on basic laboratory tests, one additional condition was added: the duration (1 or 3 months; 1M or 3M) during which patients were not hospitalized after their first laboratory test. For evaluations, cohorts were specified by age and sex. The 4Ts + 3M condition was the most effective condition, under which model cohorts were used to successfully simulate age-dependent changes and sex differences in laboratory test values for control cohorts. Therefore, by properly setting the conditions for extracting quasi-healthy individuals, we can derive cohorts from clinical data to simulate various types of cohorts. Although some issues with the proposed method remain to be solved, this approach presents new possibilities for using clinical data for cohort studies.

scholarly journals Digestive diseases of cattle diagnosed at the “Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns”-UFRPE: retrospective study and influence of seasonality

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gliére S.L. Soares ◽  
Nivaldo A. Costa ◽  
José Augusto B. Afonso ◽  
Maria I. Souza ◽  
Jobson F.P. Cajueiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Esophageal Diseases ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
Considerable Portion ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Intensive System

ABSTRACT: Diseases of the bovine digestive system make up an important group of diseases, often being responsible for significant economic losses in the livestock sector. The current work aimed to carry out a retrospective study of the diseases of the digestive system in cattle diagnosed at the “Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns”, “Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco”, from January 1999 to December 2018. In this period, a total of 9,343 cattle were admitted to the CBG-UFRPE, of which 2,238 (24.0%) were diagnosed with diseases of the digestive system. In two decades, the total number of cattle admitted annually by the institution almost doubled as well as the number of cases of digestive diseases. The diseases categorized as mechanical/motor were the most prevalent (33.6%), followed by fermentative (28.4%), gastroenteritis (16.0%), esophageal diseases (9.7%), and diseases of the oral cavity (4.5%). Lesions of the rectum and anus, congenital alterations, and other digestive diseases showed relative frequencies below 4%. Traumatic reticulitis and its sequelae (14.5%) are the most prevalent disorders, followed by simple indigestion (10.1%), esophageal and intestinal obstructive disorders (9.0%), non-specific gastroenteritis (8.6%), displaced abomasum (RDA and LDA) (5.5%), and frothy bloat, ruminal lactic acidosis, and impaction of the forestomach and abomasum, which represented approximately 5% each. In general, these diseases presented a lethality rate of 46.0%, with emphasis on mechanical/motor diseases with a lethality rate of 73.8%. In general, diseases were more prevalent in females, crossbreeds, aged over 24 months, and raised in a semi-intensive system. Diseases of the digestive system increased over the years studied, representing a considerable portion of the diseases that affect cattle raised in this region, which makes up the main milk basin in the State of Pernambuco, confirming its economic and social impact in the region.

The effect of gossypol on the rumen microbial degradation of grass hay under consecutive batch culture (CBC)

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 171-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismartoyo ◽  
T. Acamovic ◽  
C.S. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Batch Culture ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Free Gossypol ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Whole Cottonseed ◽  
Methyl Naphthalene ◽  
In Sacco

Gossypol ﹛2,2'-bi(8-Formyl-l,6,7 trihydroxy-5-isopropyl-3-methyl naphthalene)﹜ is a toxic polyphenolic factor indigenous to the cotton plant. Concentrations of free gossypol contained in such feed stuffs as whole cottonseed (WCS) vary considerably. WCS is fed widely to animals. Free gossypol is extractable with aceton-water (70:30) and is toxic to monogastric animals. Bound gossypol has been considered relatively non-toxic. Calhoun et al (1991) has demonstrated there was extensive binding of free gossypol in ruminant digestive system. But they did not support the suggestion that bound gossypol is released during digestion in the small intestine. The present experiment examined the effect of gossypol on the rumen microbial degradation of grass hay (GH) under CBC. In sacco rumen digestion was also conducted to examine DM, CP and ADF digestibilities of grass hay and whole cottonseed at 48 h.

Abstract 133: Using Administrative Data Registries and Clinical Data Registries to Identify Discrepancies and Improve Data Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Hoegh ◽  
Robert Springborn ◽  
Limin Wang ◽  
Christopher Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Clinical Database ◽  
Clinical Registry ◽  
Using Data

Background: The California (CA) Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) collects three types of patient-level administrative data: patient discharge (PDD), ambulatory surgery (AS), and emergency room (ER). CA hospitals are mandated to submit clinical data to OSHPD for all adult coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgeries. This submission is usually a subset of hospital’s Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database submissions. In addition, OSHPD receives clinical data from the National Cardiac Data Registry CathPCI for CA hospitals certified to perform elective PCIs without onsite surgery available. OSHPD implements various data quality efforts to ensure accuracy in each data source, including using data from administrative registries to confirm clinical data and using data from clinical registries to confirm administrative data. Methods: The clinical CABG data submitted to OSHPD is linked to the PDD. The resulting discrepancy reports are shared with hospitals to assist them when revising their data. The reports show discrepancies in over- and under-reporting of CABG cases, isolated and non-isolated CABGs, and post-op complications. For PCI reporting, clinical data from the CathPCI registry is compared to the PDD, AS, and ER to look for discrepancies. Results: For the 2016 CABG data, discrepancy reports issued to 126 hospitals submitting clinical CABG data to OSHPD showed potential under-reporting of 417 CABGs that appeared in the PDD but were not submitted in the clinical data. The report showed an additional 437 CABGs that were submitted in the clinical data, but did not appear in the PDD. Hospital review and response to these reports resulted in an overall increase of 296 CABGs to the clinical database. Discrepancy reports also alerted hospitals to 66 cases where a post-operative stroke occurred but was not reported in the clinical database. Hospital review resulted in 22 post-operative strokes added to the clinical registry. The 2016 CathPCI data for CA certified elective PCI hospitals showed potential under reporting of PCIs in PDD, AS, and ER. Possible missing PCIs ranged from 0.4% to 21.6% per hospital. OSHPD worked with staff at the clinical data and administrative data units at these hospitals to understand the discrepancies. The main issue identified was that AS data submitted by some hospitals used alternate coding (Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System) and failed to convert these codes to Current Procedural Terminology codes as required. The findings plan to be used in an outreach effort to all CA hospital submitting administrative PCI data to OSHPD to ensure accurate reporting. Conclusion: Comparing administrative and clinical data registries data is an effective quality tool to identify discrepancies in each source of data. Sharing discrepancies with hospitals results in improved understanding of data standards and data quality.

The development of the digestive system of the young animal III. Carbohydrase enzyme development in the young lamb

1959 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Young Animal ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Sucrase Activity ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Enzyme Development ◽  
Different Parts

1. Twelve lambs varying in age from 5 to 35 days in age were slaughtered and their carbohydrate-digesting enzymes studied for any change in activity with increase in age.2. Results are given for the changes in weight of different parts of the digestive organs and their contents, and for the content of NaCl and of total acidity in the abomasum contents.3. Pancreatic and small intestine amylase showed only a slight increase in activity up to 5 weeks of age.4. Lactase and maltase activity in the small intestine were almost constant from 1 week to 5 weeks of age.5. No sucrase activity was measurable in any of the lambs slaughtered in either the small intestine wall or its contents.6. A comparison was made between the carbohydrase activity of the young pig and the lamb.7. Calculations based on the enzyme activities of the tissues showed the theoretical amounts of different carbohydrates which can be digested by lambs and young pigs of varying age groups.8. The results suggest that the young lamb is dependent on the early development of its rumen fauna and flora for the utilization of all other carbohydrates except lactose and glucose.

scholarly journals Ultrasound characterization of the coelomic cavity organs of the red-footed tortoise ( Chelonoidis carbonaria )

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1811-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yara Silva Meireles ◽  
Flávia Serra Shinike ◽  
Douglas Rodrigo Matte ◽  
Thaís Oliveira Morgado ◽  
Guilherme Vincoletto Kempe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Free Fluid ◽  
Coelomic Cavity ◽  
Variable Size

ABSTRACT: Herein it was describe sonographic morphology and sintopy of the bowels of the coelomic cavity in the red-footed tortoise. Coelomic cavity of 19 males and 19 females were scanned through cervical and prefemoral access with a multifrequency sector transducer. Morphology, syntopy and echogenicity of the heart, thyroid, liver, gallbladder, reproductive organs, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, urinary bladder and kidneys were evaluated. The heart showed two atria and one ventricle with a thick, trabecular wall. The thyroid was oval and hyperecoic, visualized in the cardiac portion of the ultrasound. The liver, gallbladder and digestive system were similar to those seen in mammals and turtles. However, the tortoise liver was relatively more hyperechoic than mammals. The kidneys appeared as triangular structures, which were hypoechoic, homogeneous and vascularized; the bladder was observed mostly as being elongated with anechoic content, and its wall appeared as a thin hyperechoic line when free fluid was present. The testes were observed to be elongated, homogeneous and more hyperechoic than kidneys. The ovarian follicles were seen as hyperechoic, echogenic balls of variable size and quantity, the oviduct as a sigmoid tubular structure and the eggs as thin hyperechoic lines with posterior acoustic shadowing. In some animals, there were variable amounts of fluid around the heart and in the coelomic cavity.

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