scholarly journals Digestive diseases of cattle diagnosed at the “Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns”-UFRPE: retrospective study and influence of seasonality

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gliére S.L. Soares ◽  
Nivaldo A. Costa ◽  
José Augusto B. Afonso ◽  
Maria I. Souza ◽  
Jobson F.P. Cajueiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Esophageal Diseases ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
Considerable Portion ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Intensive System

ABSTRACT: Diseases of the bovine digestive system make up an important group of diseases, often being responsible for significant economic losses in the livestock sector. The current work aimed to carry out a retrospective study of the diseases of the digestive system in cattle diagnosed at the “Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns”, “Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco”, from January 1999 to December 2018. In this period, a total of 9,343 cattle were admitted to the CBG-UFRPE, of which 2,238 (24.0%) were diagnosed with diseases of the digestive system. In two decades, the total number of cattle admitted annually by the institution almost doubled as well as the number of cases of digestive diseases. The diseases categorized as mechanical/motor were the most prevalent (33.6%), followed by fermentative (28.4%), gastroenteritis (16.0%), esophageal diseases (9.7%), and diseases of the oral cavity (4.5%). Lesions of the rectum and anus, congenital alterations, and other digestive diseases showed relative frequencies below 4%. Traumatic reticulitis and its sequelae (14.5%) are the most prevalent disorders, followed by simple indigestion (10.1%), esophageal and intestinal obstructive disorders (9.0%), non-specific gastroenteritis (8.6%), displaced abomasum (RDA and LDA) (5.5%), and frothy bloat, ruminal lactic acidosis, and impaction of the forestomach and abomasum, which represented approximately 5% each. In general, these diseases presented a lethality rate of 46.0%, with emphasis on mechanical/motor diseases with a lethality rate of 73.8%. In general, diseases were more prevalent in females, crossbreeds, aged over 24 months, and raised in a semi-intensive system. Diseases of the digestive system increased over the years studied, representing a considerable portion of the diseases that affect cattle raised in this region, which makes up the main milk basin in the State of Pernambuco, confirming its economic and social impact in the region.

IMPROVEMENT OF MEDICAL SUPPLIES TO HELP WITH DISORDERS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM FUNCTION DURING SPACE MISSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
V.V. Bogomolov ◽  
◽  
A.V. Polyakov ◽  
I.V. Kovachevich ◽  
L.G. Repenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Histamine Receptor ◽  
Space Mission ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Histamine Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Analysis of digestive function (DF) disorders in cosmonauts-participants in 83 main missions to the station Mir and ISS showed that episodic DF problems had been abated successfully with the help of onboard medicaments. Comparative assessment of the spaceflight adversities and digestive disease risk factors resulted in drawing up a list of predictable digestive diseases that includes the gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspesia. Following the ensuing recommendations, the onboard medical kits have been complemented with the proton pump inhibitors, H2-histamine receptor antagonists, prokinetics of new classes, antibacterials, ursodesocholic acid preparations, and probiotics to treat gut dysbiosis. A broad use of prefilled syringes is advisable.

scholarly journals Clinical signs, prevalence, and hematobiochemical profiles associated with Anaplasma infections in sheep of North Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1524-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donea Abdulrazak Abdullah ◽  
Fawwaz Fadhil Ali ◽  
Afrah Younis Jasim ◽  
Shola David Ola-Fadunsin ◽  
Fufa Ido Gimba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Rickettsial Disease ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
North Iraq ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Male Sheep

Background and Aim: Anaplasma infection is a worldwide prevalent condition that causes significant economic losses in affected flocks. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and clinical signs associated with ovine anaplasmosis as well as the hematological and biochemical changes associated with the disease in natural infection in North Iraq. Materials and Methods: A total of 420 sheep were appropriately examined, and the clinical signs were documented accordingly. Blood samples were collected and subjected to parasitological, hematological, and biochemical analyses. Results: Anaplasma-infected sheep displayed the following clinical signs: Paleness of the mucous membrane, bloody diarrhea, emaciation, pyrexia, jaundice, nasal discharge, coughing, loss of wool, nervous signs, hemoglobinuria, and lacrimation. The prevalence of Anaplasma infection was 66.19%, and female sheep were significantly (p<0.05) more infected than male sheep. The hematological and biochemical parameters were significantly different between Anaplasma-positive and Anaplasma-negative sheep. Conclusion: Anaplasma infection among sheep is a significant concern in North Iraq considering its prevalence, clinical signs, and hematological and biochemical findings, which entirely causes significant debilitating effects on sheep productivity. It is important to pay more attention toward managing tick infestation among sheep to reduce the occurrence of this rickettsial disease for a more robust livestock sector of the Iraqi economy.

scholarly journals A Novel Method for Risk Assessment of Cable Fires in Utility Tunnel

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Leping He ◽  
Guoli Ma ◽  
Qijun Hu ◽  
Qijie Cai ◽  
Yu Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Event Tree ◽  
Fuzzy Petri Net ◽  
Utility Tunnel ◽  
Cable Fire

Given the flammability of power cables and the high cost of utility tunnel construction, power cable fires cause serious economic losses and are associated with a negative social impact. In the study, a weighted fuzzy Petri net and an event tree are combined to propose a quantitative evaluation method to mitigate cable fire risks in a utility tunnel. First, cable fire risk factors are analyzed. Given the lack of utility tunnel cable fire historical data, fuzzy theory is used to calculate the failure probability of the primary event. Second, a weighted fuzzy Petri net is used for fuzzy reasoning, and an event tree is used to analyze all possible consequences. Subsequently, the numerical simulation method is used to quantify the loss from the cable fire and thereby quantify the risk of cable fire. Finally, the effect of different risk factors on a cable fire is analyzed to determine the main factors that affect cable fires. Simultaneously, the control ability of different control measures with respect to the fire is analyzed to determine key control measures. A case study of a utility tunnel cable cabin in Liupanshui in Guizhou is employed to validate the utility of the proposed method.

scholarly journals MULTIPROFESSIONAL ELECTRONIC PROTOCOL FOR DIGESTIVE SURGERY VALIDATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faruk Abrão KALIL-FILHO ◽  
José Simão de Paula PINTO ◽  
Emerson P BORSATO ◽  
Carlos Henrique KURETZKI ◽  
Bruno Luiz ARIEDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Clinical Database ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Digestive Surgery ◽  
Digestive Diseases

Abstract Background: The creation of a computerized clinical database with the ability to collect prospective information from patients and with the possibility of rescue and crossing data enables scientific studies of higher quality and credibility in less time. Aim: To validate, in a single master protocol, the clinical data referring to Surgery of Digestive System in a multidisciplinary way, incorporating in the SINPE© platform, and to verify the incidence of digestive diseases based on the prospectively performed collections. Method: Organize in one software, in a standardized structure, all the pre-existing items in the SINPE© database; the theoretical basis was computerized through the MIGRASINPE© module creating a single multiprofessional master protocol for use as a whole. Results: The existing specific protocols were created and/or adapted - they correspond to the most prevalent digestive diseases - unifying them. The possibility of multiprofessional use was created by integrating all data collected from medicine, nursing, physiotherapy, nutrition and health management in a prospective way. The total was 4,281 collections, distributed as follows: extrahepatic biliary tract, n=1,786; esophagus, n=1015; anorectal, n=736; colon, n=550; small intestine, n=86; pancreas, n=71; stomach, n=23; liver, n=14. Conclusions: The validation of the unification and structuring in a single master protocol of the clinical data referring to the Surgery of the Digestive System in a multiprofessional and prospective way was possible and the epidemiological study carried out allowed to identify the most prevalent digestive diseases.

scholarly journals Pattern of Admissions in the Department of Pediatrics at Benha Teaching Hospital, Egypt

2017 ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Elmogy ◽  
Ebrahim ◽  
El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Referral Source ◽  
Pediatric Ward ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cardiac System ◽  
Source Duration ◽  
Neurological System

Objectives: To determine pattern of admissions and to study the types of illness and their outcomes in relation to disease at General Pediatric Ward at Benha Teaching Hospital (BTH). Subjects and Methods: This study was a retrospective study. The study was conducted from 1st of May 2016 until end of December 2016. The study was done in the General Pediatric Ward at Benha Teaching Hospital (BTH). The medical record of all admissions searching for age, gender, address, mode of admission, referral source, duration of hospital stay and outcome. Results: Mean + SD of Duration of stays in days was (7.90 + 4.07). 28.2% of patients were admitted due to respiratory system related causes, 32.4% due to digestive system related causes, 6.5% due to cardiac system related causes, 6.5% due to neurological system related causes ,1.2% due to hepatic system related causes, 5.9% due to nutritional system related causes, 14.7% due to renal system related causes, 4.7% due to endocrinal system related causes. Conclusions: This study gives an overview of the pattern of Pediatric Medical admissions, catchment area and referral mode. The findings of this study increased the understanding of admission trends, referral area and source. Admissions load mainly contributed by under five years children with infection and they are directly approaching the Hospital.

scholarly journals Chemoprophylaxis for babesiosis and anaplasmosis in cattle: case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerbeson Hoffmann da Silva ◽  
Renata Rebesquini ◽  
Diorges Henrique Setim ◽  
Cláudia Almeida Scariot ◽  
Maria Isabel Botelho Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Hereford Cattle ◽  
Imidocarb Dipropionate ◽  
Pathogenic Action

Abstract Cattle tick fever (CTF) causes significant economic losses in the livestock sector. The pathogenic action of the hemoparasites is associated with anemia, weight loss, abortion and reduced productivity, which result with animal death. Programs to prevent CTF involve several procedures, including immunization, chemoprophylaxis and use of ectoparasiticides, together with the vector control in the environment. The objective of this study was to report an acute outbreak of CTF in a group of 157 Hereford cattle from a farm without presence of the vector, that were moved to a farm in the same state with a high tick infestation (Rhipicephalus microplus). On the day before the transportation, the animals received a chemoprophylaxis with imidocarb dipropionate (3 mg/kg, SC), which was repeated 21 days after the first application. After 42 days, some animals showed signs compatible with CTF, which was confirmed through clinical examination, necropsy, histopathological and hemoparasitological analyses. The morbidity rate was 37.6% and the mortality rate was 24.8%. Calves that were recently weaned were the group most affected with the tick fever, morbidity (100% and mortality (73%). Chemoprophylaxis in association with use of ectoparasiticides was not sufficient to control the outbreak of the disease.

scholarly journals Causes of death of beef cattle raised in feedlots

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Estima-Silva ◽  
Plínio A. Oliveira ◽  
Fabio Raphael P. Bruhn ◽  
Haide Valeska Scheid ◽  
Lucas S. Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
A Prospective Study

ABSTRACT: The causes of death of cattle kept in pre-export feedlots (PEFs) and in feedlot for finishing for slaughter are described. Two studies were conducted: a retrospective study of mortality cases in feedlots from 2000 to 2017 registered at the “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico” of the “Faculdade de Veterinária” of the “Universidade Federal de Pelotas”; and a prospective study from January 2018 to August 2019, following up 22 feedlots for finishing and six PEFs for the export of live cattle. From January 2000 to August 2019 samples of 150 cases of diseases that affected feedlot cattle were received from 22 feedlots for finishing and 115 of the six PEFs followed. Mortality considering all diagnosed diseases was significantly higher in feedlots for finishing (p<0.05), than in PEFs for the export of live cattle, of 1% and 0.12%, respectively. Diseases of the digestive system were the most important causes, of death in feedlots regardless of its purpose. Acidosis presented the highest mortality rates both in feedlot for finishing (3.33%) as in PEFs for export (0.95%). In all cases the disease occurred due to failure in the adaptation of animals to the ingestion of concentrated foods. Bovine tick fever and pneumonia presented mortality rates of 0.13% and 0.09%, respectively in PEFs. In the feedlot for finishing seneciosis was the second cause of death due to cattle coming from areas with high infestation by the plant. In the present study, it was possible to identify the main diseases that occur in cattle feedlots for finishing or for the export of live animals in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul. These diseases are known in other systems of cattle breeding and can be prevented or controlled through management, chemoprophylaxis or vaccination, minimizing losses due to mortality.

scholarly journals A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF COMMON DISEASES AT VETERINARY TEACHING HOSPITAL, BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, MYMENSINGH

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
YA Sarker ◽  
AH Miah ◽  
N Sharif ◽  
MH Himel ◽  
S Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Case Record ◽  
Case Type ◽  
And Control

A retrospective study was undertaken to determine the occurrence and distribution of diseases based on species, age, sex, system affected, case type, causal agents and season variation at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Bangladesh Agricultural University from January 2012 to December 2014. According to the case record, a total of 5036 sick animals were examined and 103 types of diseases were identified during this period. The commonly found various diseases were parasitic disease (33.86%), myiasis (5.96%), PPR (5.16%), pneumonia and pneumonitis (4.11%), repeat breeding (2.88%) and rest of the diseases had lower percentage than 2.5%. Out of the 5036, 1759 cases (35%) were male and 3277 cases (65%) were female. Animals aged between 1-3 years had high occurrence (45.23%) followed by 0-1 year (25.11%). Diseases in digestive system were mostly affected (33.79%) and lowest in cardiovascular system (0.65%). Occurrence of diseases was highest (36.81%) in rainy season (June-October) followed by (35.54%) in summer (March-May) and lowest (27.64%) in winter season (November-February). The findings of this study can be used in the formulation of more effective disease management and control strategies including appropriate vaccination program in this area.

Efficiency of "hoof protect" in group pro-cessing of hooves in cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
V. A. Zhurba ◽  
◽  
I. A. Kovalev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Distal Part ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hypertonic Solution ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Live Stock ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Intensive System

Diseases of the distal part of the extremities of cattle under the conditions of intensive system of cattle breeding is a widespread phenomenon. The high density of animals on large industrial farms is usually accompanied by such phenomena as result of limited movement, identical feeding, increased con-tacts of animals with mechanized objects, and more frequent stressful situations lead-ing to a decrease in natural resistance. As a result, the incidences of hoof diseases in cows are increasing and lead to significant economic losses due to decrease in milk yield, live weight, and premature culling of animals. This problem exists in many coun-tries of the world including the CIS countries. It is necessary to notice that one of the causes of the diseases of the fingers is the deformation of the hooves, which develops in the absence of regular orthopedic clearing. An important role to prevent the develop-ment of diseases of the hooves belongs to the organization of preventive measures at live-stock holdings. To increase the resistance of the hooves to diseases and for treatment pur-poses, foot baths with hypertonic solution of copper sulfate, formalin and other drugs are offered by the pharmaceutical industry. The bath for hoofs will have the expected impact only if the cow put all four limbs into the solution. It can be ensured in case the bath has at least 3.5 - 4.0 m in length and 0.7 - 0.8 m in width. Moreover, the height of the entrance should be about 20 cm - then additional fingers will be handled. Following the regulations of hooves disinfection leads to high health status of herd.

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