scholarly journals Are Maternal Factors Predictors for Early Childhood Caries? Results from a Cohort in Southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-397
Author(s):  
Gabriela dos Santos Pinto ◽  
Marina Sousa Azevedo ◽  
Marília Leão Goettems ◽  
Marcos Britto Correa ◽  
Ricardo Tavares Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract This study aimed to determine the influence of maternal factors on the early development of dental caries in Brazilian preschoolers. This cross-sectional study was nested in a cohort of adolescent mothers. The current wave was performed when the children were aged 24 to 42 months. The questionnaire-based survey targeted adolescent mothers and included demographic and socioeconomic variables as well as the maternal education level. In addition, clinical examinations were performed on the mothers and their children. Mothers were assessed for decayed, missing and filled teeth in the permanent dentition (DMFT index) and gingival assessment; their children were assessed for decayed, missing and filled teeth in the deciduous dentition (dmft index). Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate the prevalence ratio, risk ratio and 95% confidence intervals. This data was also used to identify the maternal risk factors associated with the outcomes (prevalence and severity of childhood caries). A total 538 mother-child dyads were evaluated; the prevalence of early childhood caries was 15.1% and maternal caries was 74.4%. After the adjustment, the children that exhibited a greater incidence of dental caries were from mothers of low socioeconomic status, or from those presenting decayed teeth and higher rates of gingival bleeding. The results of this study suggest that the oral health of mothers is a potentially important risk factor for the development of early childhood dental caries. Public health planners should consider this information when planning interventions in order to prevent the occurrence of early dental caries.

scholarly journals Timing of sugar introduction in diet and early childhood caries: a population-based study in preschoolers

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Nilson ALVES DOS SANTOS ◽  
Cacilda Castelo Branco LIMA ◽  
Ananda Souza PEREIRA ◽  
Marina de Deus Moura LIMA ◽  
Lúcia de Fátima Almeida de Deus MOURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract Introduction Sugar ingestion is the most important isolated factor related to dental caries. Contact with sugary foods at an early age may represent a risk to the oral health of preschool children. Objective To evaluate the timing of the introduction of sugar in the diet of preschoolers and its association with early childhood caries. Material and method Cross-sectional population-based study with 888 five-year-old preschoolers from public and private schools. Parents answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic data, eating habits and oral health. The variables timing of sugar introduction (>1 year and ≤1 year) and dental caries experience were dichotomized and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression (p<0.05). Result The introduction of sugar in the diet occurred during the first twelve months of life for 73.8% of preschoolers. There was no association between the timing of sugar introduction and early childhood caries (p>0.05). The interruption of exclusive breastfeeding and low family income increased the prevalence of preschoolers having early contact with sugar by 32% and 23%, respectively (p<0.05). The prevalence of early childhood caries was 42.3% and was associated with a lower level of maternal education, low income, increased frequency of ingestion of candy and the use of nonfluoridated toothpaste (p<0.05). Conclusion The introduction of sugar in the diet occurred during the first year of life in most preschoolers and there was no association with early childhood caries.

Dental Caries Severity and Nutritional Status of Nigerian Preschool Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 238008442110021
Author(s):  
O.O. Olatosi ◽  
A.A. Alade ◽  
T. Naicker ◽  
T. Busch ◽  
A. Oyapero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Childhood Caries

Introduction: Malnutrition in children is one of the most prevalent global health challenges, and malnourished children have a higher risk of death from childhood diseases. Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most common chronic disease of childhood. Complications from ECC such as pain, loss of tooth/teeth, and infection can undermine a child’s nutrition and growth. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the severity of decay, missing, and filled tooth (dmft) by nutritional status using the z scores of the anthropometric measurements: height for age (HFA), weight for age (WFA), weight for height (WFH), and body mass index for age (BMIA) among children with ECC in Nigeria. Study Design: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 5 local government areas (LGAs) in Lagos State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used. Results: A total of 273 cases of ECC were included in the analyses (mean age 4.19 ± 0.96 y). Overall, the mean dmft was 3.04 ± 2.28, and most (96%) were accounted for by untreated decay. The distribution of dmft within the different z score categories of BMIA (<–3 = severely wasted, –2 to –3 = wasted, –2 to +2 = normal, +2 to +3 = overweight and >+3 = obese) showed the highest dmft scores among the combined severely wasted and wasted groups, lowest among children with normal z scores, and intermediate in the overweight and obese groups. There was a significant negative correlation between BMIA z score, WFH z score, and dmft ( r = −0.181, P < 0.05 and r = −0.143, P < 0.05, respectively). However, the correlations between HFA z score, WFA z score, and dmft were positive but not significant ( r = 0.048, P = 0.44 and r = 0.022, P = 0.77, respectively). Conclusion: Our study showed an increased severity of dental caries among severely wasted or wasted children with ECC compared to those of normal or overweight. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results from this study will raise awareness among clinicians and policy makers on the need for a primary prevention program for early childhood caries in countries with high burden of malnutrition and limited resources. Also, it will help draw the attention of clinicians to the caries status of malnourished children that can be managed to improve the nutritional outcomes.

Streptococcus Mutans Strains in Mother-Child Pairs of Children with Early Childhood Caries

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Subramaniam ◽  
Revathy Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Childhood Caries

Objective: Dental caries is both an infectious and transmissible disease. Maternal transfer of Mutans Streptococci occurs at an early age and is important in the initiation of dental caries in children. The aim of this study was to identify certain strains of Streptococcus mutans in mother-child pairs, of children with early childhood caries. Study design: Sixty mother-child pairs of healthy children aged 18–36 months were selected. Mothers with high levels of Streptococcus mutans in their saliva and only children with ECC were included. Dental plaque samples were collected from mother-child pairs. The plaque samples were stored, transferred to the laboratory and analyzed for Streptococcus mutans strains c, f, e and k, present in mother-child pairs using Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis for level of similarity in Streptococcus mutans strains present in mother-child pairs. Results: A similar distribution of Streptococcus mutans strains c, f and k was identified in 28 mother-child pairs. Streptococcus mutans strain e was seen in 18 pairs. Conclusion: Less than 50% of mother-child pairs showed similarity in distribution of Streptococcus mutans strains.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Untreated Early Childhood Caries of 5-Year-Old Children in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11934
Author(s):  
Faith Miaomiao Zheng ◽  
Iliana Gehui Yan ◽  
Duangporn Duangthip ◽  
Sherry Shiqian Gao ◽  
Edward Chin Man Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Childhood Caries

This cross-sectional survey investigated untreated early childhood caries (ECC) and its associated factors among 5-year-old children in Hong Kong. Children were recruited using a multistage sampling method. One dentist examined the children in kindergarten to diagnose untreated ECC (dt) at the cavitation level. Each child’s demographic information, snacking behaviour, and oral health-related practice were collected using a parental questionnaire. The relationships between the untreated ECC and demographic information, snacking behaviours, and oral health-–related practice were analysed by zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression analysis. This survey recruited 404 children. Their dt score was 2.8 ± 3.8. The significant untreated ECC (SiUC) index, which was one-third of the children with the highest dt score, was 7.1 ± 3.6. Their untreated ECC prevalence was 57%, which was associated with the district the child lived in. Most children with untreated ECC (71%, 164/231) had never visited a dentist. Children who brushed without toothpaste had more untreated ECC. Children coming from low-income families and with a lower maternal education level had a higher risk of ECC. In conclusion, untreated ECC was prevalent and unevenly distributed among 5-year-old children in Hong Kong. Its prevalence was associated with toothpaste use, family income, maternal education level and the district they lived in.

scholarly journals Early Childhood Dental Caries, Mouth Pain, and Malnutrition in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin So ◽  
Yianni A. Ellenikiotis ◽  
Hannah M. Husby ◽  
Cecilia Leonor Paz ◽  
Brittany Seymour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Caries

Malnutrition and dental caries in early childhood remain persistent and intertwined global health challenges, particularly for indigenous and geographically-remote populations. To examine the prevalence and associations between early childhood dental caries, parent-reported mouth pain and malnutrition in the Amazonian region of Ecuador, we conducted a cross-sectional study of the oral health and nutrition status of 1,407 children from birth through age 6 in the &ldquo;Alli Kiru&rdquo; program (2011-2013). We used multivariate regression analysis to examine relationships between severe caries, parent-reported mouth pain measures, and nutritional status. The prevalence of dental caries was 65.4%, with 44.7% of children having deep or severe caries, and 33.8% reporting mouth pain. The number of decayed, missing and filled teeth dmft) increased dramatically with age. Malnutrition was prevalent, with 35.9% of children stunted, 1.1% wasted, 7.4% underweight, and 6.8% overweight. As mouth pain increased in frequency, odds for severe caries increased. For each unit increase in mouth pain frequency interfering with sleeping, children had increased odds for underweight (AOR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.02 &ndash; 1.54) and decreased odds for overweight (AOR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.58 &ndash; 0.97). This relationship was most pronounced among 3-6 year-olds. Early childhood caries, mouth pain and malnutrition were prevalent in this sample of young children. Parent-reported mouth pain was associated with severe caries, and mouth pain interfering with sleeping was predictive of poor nutritional status. We demonstrate the utility of a parsimonious parent-reported measure of mouth pain to predict young children&rsquo;s risk for severe early childhood caries and malnutrition, which has implications for community health interventions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Children Aged 1 to 5 Years in the City of Quito, Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Jenny E. C. Acuña ◽  
Karina M. S. Freitas ◽  
Rafael P. Henriques ◽  
Emerson F. Cruz ◽  
Maria C. R Binz Ordóñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background: Early childhood caries is an aggressive pathology that can destroy the teeth in a short time, reaching the proximal surfaces, causing discomfort, pain and affecting the dental pulp, causing premature loss of deciduous teeth. Objective: The purpose of this research is to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries in children aged 1 to 5 years of the Metropolitan District of Quito. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including a sample of 557 children attending child care centers in Quito, Ecuador, between May and July 2018. The sample was evaluated clinically registering the data in a simplified dental file containing the odontogram and the result of decayed, lost and sealed teeth, according to the dmft index, as well as data such as age and gender. Data were tabulated and analyzed statistically by independent t-test. Results: The prevalence of early childhood caries was found to be 59.61%. Children affected by early childhood caries presented a mean age of 2.83 years, the ones suffered the most from this pathology were those of 2 years (35.54%), followed by those of 3 years (34.94%) and 4 years (22.5%). Boys presented more early childhood caries (53.92%) in relation to the girls (46.08%). Conclusion: The early childhood caries presented a prevalence of 59.61% and a general dmft index of medium level of severity according to the classification of the World Health Organization, in children from 1 to 5 years of age in Quito, Ecuador.

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