Stability Analysis of Bitemarks in Different Conditions of Time and Temperature and Its Reliability as Evidence in Criminal Investigations

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of bite marks in foods in different conditions of time and temperature and their reliability as evidenced in criminal investigations. Sampling came from 20 subjects, who were instructed to bite five pieces of cheese and five pieces of chocolate. Bites were produced by the anterior teeth, from canine to canine, and the volunteers had their dental arches molded to obtain plaster models that were used for later comparison. The samples produced by each participant were stored and analyzed according to the temperature (room and refrigerator) and time period (immediately after, three days, seven days). The linear model with mixed effects using R Core Team and SAS Statistical Software were used for the statistical analysis. The results of this study reveal that the storage temperature of these materials does not exert a significant influence. Both chocolate and cheese showed better results when measurements were made shortly after, however the chocolate showed to be more stable in longer periods of time. By means of this study, it was possible to demonstrate that the storage temperature does not exert a significant influence. However, the bite marks found in foods with greater dimensional stability and short time intervals, are more reliable and allow their use as evidence in criminal investigations. Still, due to the limitations presented, we recommend its use for the exclusion of possible suspects and not for the suspects identification.

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The Effect of Freeze/Thaw Cycles on the Stability of Compounds in DMSO

CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs ◽

10.1177/1087057103252618 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 210-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Barbara A. Kozikowski ◽

Thomas M. Burt ◽

Debra A. Tirey ◽

Lisa E. Williams ◽

Barbara R. Kuzmak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Throughput Screening ◽

High Performance ◽

Atmospheric Conditions ◽

Freeze Thaw ◽

Thaw Cycle ◽

Time Period ◽

Freeze Thaw Cycle ◽

Low Humidity ◽

The Stability ◽

Short Time

A diverse set of 320 compounds from the Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals organic compound repository was prepared as 20-mM DMSO solutions and stored at 4°C under argon in pressurized canisters to simulate a low-humidity environment. The plates were subjected to 25 freeze/thaw cycles while being exposed to ambient atmospheric conditions after each thaw to simulate the time and manner by which compound plates are exposed to the atmosphere during typical liquid-handling and high-throughput screening processes. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry with evaporative light-scattering detection was used to quantitate the amount of compound remaining after every 5th freeze/thaw cycle. Control plates were stored either at room temperature under argon or at 4°C under argon without freeze/thaw cycling and were evaluated at the midpoint and the endpoint of the study. The study was conducted over a short time period (i.e., 7 weeks) to minimize the effect of compound degradation over time due to the exposure of the compounds to DMSO.The results from this study will be used to determine the maximum number of freeze/thaw cycles that can be achieved while maintaining acceptable compound integrity.(Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2003:210-215)

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A Feasibility Analysis of Controlling a Hybrid Power System over Short Time Intervals

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13215682 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 5682

Author(s):

Tianyao Zhang ◽

Diyi Chen ◽

Jing Liu ◽

Beibei Xu ◽

Venkateshkumar M

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Hybrid Systems ◽

Feasibility Analysis ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Systematic Change ◽

Short Term ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Hybrid Power ◽

The Stability ◽

Short Time

Literature about the importance of renewable energy resources, including wind and solar energy, is becoming increasingly important; however, these energy sources are unstable and volatile in nature, and are usually integrated with conventional energy sources, such as hydropower, forming hybrid power generation systems that maintain a stable grid. Short-term changes in wind speed or solar radiation intensity have a great impact on the stability of hybrid systems, and have been reported in the literature. However, reliable models to manage such systems are lacking, and previous studies have regarded the hour scale as the minimum baseline for systematic change. In this article, hybrid power systems are proposed that are controlled on very short time intervals. The results of a feasibility analysis of the proposed model indicate the viability of complementary hybrid systems in controlling and maintaining the stability, which are subjected to short durations of fluctuations in wind or solar radiation. The simulation results indicate that the influence of the shutdown of the wind turbine, with the regulation effect of the hydro power, is 3–5 times greater than that of the short-term wind turbulence fluctuation. When the hydro turbine is adopted to adjust the short-term fluctuation of solar radiation, the effect on the system was suppressed to 0.02–0.2 times of the former.

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STATISTICAL FEATURES DYNAMICS OF INFORMATION EXCHANGES IN SOCIAL NETWORKS

ИНФОРМАЦИЯ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ◽

10.36622/vstu.2020.23.3.002 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 337-346

Author(s):

Михаил Иванович Купцов ◽

Владимир Александрович Минаев ◽

Григорий Александрович Остапенко ◽

Олег Николаевич Чопоров

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Exponential Distributions ◽

Statistical Research ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Protest Movements ◽

Empirical Distributions ◽

The Stability ◽

Short Time ◽

Statistical Indicators

Для целей изучения динамики информационных обменов в социальных сетях и прогнозирования на этой основе реальных общественных акций предложена классификации групп пользователей сетей на четыре категории: маркетинговые, политические, блогерские, индивидуальные. Изучены эмпирические распределения различных статистических показателей активности названных категорий в сети «ВКонтакте» применительно к коротким (до 100 дней) и длинным (более 100 дней) промежуткам времени. Показано существование устойчивых нормальных, равномерных и экспоненциальных распределений исследованных статистических показателей и статистически устойчивых связей между ними, пригодных для обоснования динамики развития информационных обменов в социальных сетях и дающих возможность строить регрессионные модели для оценки количества участников различных общественных акций, включая протестные движения. Делается вывод, что следующий шаг в исследованиях данного направления должен быть связан с более глубоким изучением факторов, влияющих на распространение информации в социальных сетях. К ним относятся: дальнейшая дифференциация статистических исследований применительно к маркетинговым, политическим и блогерским сообществам; более детальное изучение устойчивости статистических зависимостей на длинных и коротких временных отрезках; сочетание статистического анализа структуры выделенных сообществ с имитационным моделированием динамики переходов между их группами с учетом латентных (ненаблюдаемых) состояний. For the purpose of studying the dynamics of information exchanges in social networks and forecasting real public actions on this basis, the classification of groups of network users into four categories is proposed: marketing, political, blogging and individual. We studied the empirical distributions of various statistical indicators of the activity of these categories in the Vkontakte network in relation to short (up to 100 days) and long (more than 100 days) time intervals. It shows the existence of stable normal, uniform and exponential distributions of the studied statistical indicators and statistically stable relationships between them, which are suitable for substantiating the dynamics of information exchanges in social networks and make it possible to build regression models for estimating the number of participants in various public actions, including protest movements. It is concluded that the next step in research in this area should be associated with a deeper study of the factors that affect the dissemination of information in social networks. These include: further differentiation of statistical research in relation to marketing, political and blogging communities; a more detailed study of the stability of statistical dependencies over long and short time periods; a combination of statistical analysis of the structure of selected communities with simulation of the dynamics of transitions between their groups, taking into account latent (unobservable) states.

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Kinetic approach to the mineral reaction processes during hydrothermal treatment of a saponitic clay

Clay Minerals ◽

10.1180/000985598545714 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 409-421 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Cuevas ◽

A. Garralon ◽

S. Ramirez ◽

S. Leguey

Keyword(s):

Exchange Capacity ◽

Bet Surface Area ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Mineral Contents ◽

Mineral Reaction ◽

Hydrothermal Experiments ◽

Time Period ◽

One Year ◽

Short Time ◽

Reaction Processes

AbstractIn the course of hydrothermal experiments with a saponitic clay, evidence for the dissolution of the accessory sepiolite and the formation of smectite has been detected above 120°C Hydrothermal reactions with a clay to water ratio of 1:3 were performed at temperatures of 60, 90, 120, 175 and 200°C with time intervals of one month to one year.The BET surface area and cation exchange capacity (CEC) are correlated with the sepiolite and the smectite content determined from XRD data. These relations have been used to recalculate the time dependence of the mineral contents in the time/temperature conditions of the experiments. The Ea values obtained for sepiolite dissolution (7-18 kcal/mol) or smectite formation (4.8-5 kcal/mol) indicate that sepiolite dissolution controls the rate of the process. Both results fit an apparent firstorder reaction and the system seems to evolve to a stable mineral composition in a short time period, ranging from one to 10 years as temperature decreases.

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MEMBANGUN MODEL PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT AKIBAT ASAP KEBAKARAN HUTAN

JURNAL ILMIAH MATEMATIKA DAN TERAPAN ◽

10.22487/2540766x.2018.v15.i1.10196 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 36-47

Author(s):

B Kurniawan ◽

R Ratianingsih ◽

Hajar Hajar

Keyword(s):

Critical Points ◽

Forest Fires ◽

Disease Spread ◽

Asymptotically Stable ◽

Short Time Period ◽

Time Period ◽

Long Time ◽

The Stability ◽

Short Time ◽

Threshold Point

Forest fires impact a very serious problem because it could cause health problem, especially respiratory disease such as (ISPA), Asthma and Bronchitis. The study of the health disorders is conducted by consider mathematicaly the spread of disease due to forest fires smoke. The model is constructed by devide the human population into six subpopulations, that is vulnerable S(t), exposed E(t), Asthma infected A(t), Bronchitis infected B(t) and recovered R(t).The governed model is analyted at every critical points using Routh-Hurwitz method. The results gives two critical points that describe a free disease conditions ( ) and an endemic conditions ( ). A stabil ( ) is occured if and where the threshold point of the stability is expressed as and . Endemic conditions will be asymptotically stable when and with . The condition of free disease of forest fires is occured in a long time period, while the endemic conditions is occurred in a short time period. It could be interpreted that the disease spread due to the forest fires smoke is not easy to overcome.

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Stability of tris-1,10 - phenanthroline iron (II) complex in different composites

Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly ◽

10.2298/ciceq100204028l ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 193-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dragica Lazic ◽

Branko Skundric ◽

Jelena Penavin-Skundric ◽

Slavica Sladojevic ◽

Ljubica Vasiljevic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Iron ◽

Time Interval ◽

Short Time Interval ◽

Time Period ◽

Huge Impact ◽

Limited Application ◽

The Stability ◽

Short Time ◽

Composite Samples

The composition of composites has a huge impact on the stability of tris-1, 10 - phenanthroline iron (II) complex during the determination of total iron. The subject of this work is determination the stability of tris-1, 10 - phenanthroline iron (II) complex in different composites. Composites with different concentration in which total iron was determined were alumina and zeolite. Stability of this complex was monitored in a time period of 0-60 min. The aim of this work is to determine the concentration of different composite samples and the time interval in which the stability of the complex is the highest. The spectrophotometric method was used for the determination. The tris-1, 10 - phenanthroline iron (II) complex with alumina is more stable at higher concentration of the samples. With zeolite, however, this complex is stable in a short time interval, regardless of the concentration of the sample. This conclusion indicates on increase of absorption, which is a consequence of impede complex formation and creating a new complex. For this reason, this method has only a limited application.

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World Economy: Prospects and Barriers for Recovery

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2012-12-61-83 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 61-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Ershov

Keyword(s):

World Economy ◽

Western World ◽

Short Time Period ◽

Market Segments ◽

Junk Bonds ◽

The Past ◽

Time Period ◽

The Us ◽

Global Liquidity ◽

Short Time

According to the latest forecasts, it will take 10 years for the world economy to get back to “decent shape”. Some more critical estimates suggest that the whole western world will have a “colossal mess” within the next 5–10 years. Regulators of some major countries significantly and over a short time‑period changed their forecasts for the worse which means that uncertainty in the outlook for the future persists. Indeed, the intensive anti‑crisis measures have reduced the severity of the past problems, however the problems themselves have not disappeared. Moreover, some of them have become more intense — the eurocrisis, excessive debts, global liquidity glut against the backdrop of its deficit in some of market segments. As was the case prior to the crisis, derivatives and high‑risk operations with “junk” bonds grow; budget problems — “fiscal cliff” in the US — and other problems worsen. All of the above forces the regulators to take unprecedented (in their scope and nature) steps. Will they be able to tackle the problems which emerge?

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