scholarly journals Microhardness homogeneity of RBCs light-cured with a multiple-peak LED and surface characterization after wear

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-104
Author(s):  
Beatriz Ometto Sahadi ◽  
Gabriel Nima ◽  
Carolina Bosso Andre ◽  
Maicon Sebold ◽  
Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Multiple Peak ◽  
Roughness Profile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Light Curing

Abstract This in vitro study evaluated the effect of the beam homogeneity of a multiple-peak light-curing unit on the surface microhardness and the effect of toothbrushing wear on the microhardness, surface roughness, roughness profile, volume loss, and gloss retention of incremental and bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs). A LED light-curing unit (VALO) with four LEDs at the tip end (405, 445, 465A, and 465B nm emission peak) was used according to each manufacturer-recommended time to obtain disks (n=10) of six RBCs: Estelite Sigma Quick, Charisma Classic, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, Filtek Z250, Filtek Supreme Ultra, and Filtek Bulk Fill. Microhardness values were obtained according to each LED positioning of the light-curing unit on the top surface of the RBCs and were analyzed before and after toothbrushing regarding microhardness, surface roughness, roughness profile, volume loss, and gloss retention. Microhardness was considered homogeneous on the top surface regardless of the type of RBC or wavelength tested (p>0.05). Overall, toothbrushing did not reduce the microhardness of the RBCs but influenced the gloss values for most RBCs (p<0.001). Charisma Classic presented the greatest surface roughness and roughness profile after toothbrushing (p<0.05). Volume loss did not differ among RBCs (p>0.05). In conclusion, different wavelengths of the LED did not affect the top surface microhardness, regardless of the RBCs tested; and bulk-fill composites presented similar surface changes (microhardness, surface roughness, roughness profile, volume loss, and gloss retention) when compared to conventional composites after toothbrushing.

In Vitro Evaluation of Surface Properties and Wear Resistance of Conventional and Bulk-fill Resin-based Composites After Brushing With a Dentifrice

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAK Shimokawa ◽  
M Giannini ◽  
CB André ◽  
BO Sahadi ◽  
JJ Faraoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Surface Loss ◽  
Roughness Profile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Hoc

SUMMARY Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of toothbrushing with a dentifrice on gloss, roughness profile, surface roughness, and wear of conventional and bulk-fill resin-based composites. Methods and Materials: Gloss and surface roughness of resin-based composites (RBCs; Admira Fusion X-tra, Aura Bulk Fill, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative, Filtek Supreme Ultra, Herculite Ultra, Mosaic Enamel, SDR flow+, Sonic Fill 2, Tetric EvoFlow Bulk Fill and Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill) were analyzed before and after brushing; the roughness profile and wear were also determined after toothbrushing. Representative three-dimensional images of the surface loss and images comparing the unbrushed and brushed surfaces were also compared. Analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests were applied (α=0.05) to the gloss, surface roughness, roughness profile, and surface loss data. Pearson's correlation test was used to determine the correlation between gloss and surface roughness, surface loss and percentage of gloss decrease after brushing, and surface loss and surface roughness after brushing. Results: For all RBCs tested after 20,000 brushing cycles, the gloss was reduced and the surface roughness increased (p&lt;0.05). However, the roughness profile and the amount of surface loss were dependent on the RBC brand. Admira Fusion X-tra, Aura, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, and Tetric EvoFlow Bulk Fill showed the deepest areas of wear (p&lt;0.05). A significant negative correlation was found between gloss and surface roughness, and a weak correlation was found between the decrease in gloss and the extent of surface loss, and any increase in surface roughness and the surface loss. Conclusions: Toothbrushing with a dentifrice reduced the gloss, increased the surface roughness, and caused loss at the surface of all the RBCs tested. Considering all the properties tested, Mosaic Enamel exhibited excellent gloss retention and a low roughness profile and wear, while Admira Fusion X-tra exhibited the greatest decrease in gloss, the highest roughness profile, and the most wear.

scholarly journals Enamel Surface Roughness after Lingual Bracket Debonding: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4196
Author(s):  
Martina Eichenberger ◽  
Anna Iliadi ◽  
Despina Koletsi ◽  
George Eliades ◽  
Carlalberta Verna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Fine Diamond ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Lingual Brackets

The aim of the present study was to quantitatively assess changes in enamel roughness parameters before and after lingual bracket debonding. The lingual surface of 25 sound premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons was studied by 3D optical interferometric profilometry before and after debonding of lingual brackets following enamel finishing (with fine diamond) and polishing (with 12- and 20-fluted carbide burs). The roughness parameters tested were the amplitude parameters Sa and Sz, the hybrid parameter Sdr, and the functional parameters Sc and Sv. The parameter differences (after debonding-reference) were calculated, and statistical analysis was performed via a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Statistically significantly higher values were observed in all the surface roughness parameters of enamel surfaces after finishing and polishing, with the mostly affected parameter being the Sdr. Under the conditions of the present study, the finishing and polishing instruments used after debonding of lingual noncustomized brackets created a surface texture rougher than the control in all the tested roughness parameters.

scholarly journals Analysis of Surface Roughness and 3D Scanning Topography of Zirconia Implants Before and After Photofunctionalisation by 3D Optical Profilometry- An Invitro Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunjaikumar Ravindran ◽  
Suma Karthigeyan ◽  
Ramesh Bhat ◽  
Madhulika Naidu ◽  
Senthilnathan Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Optical Profilometry ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Zirconia Implants

Introduction: Zirconia is considered as an alternative material for the fabrication of implants. Surface roughness of the implant plays a fundamental role in the initial bone formation. The rationale of using 3D optical profilometry in this study was to evaluate the surface roughness of the zirconia implants before and after Ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalisation. Also, Moreso 3D optical instruments have a better resolution than the mechanical ones like Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Aim: To analyse the surface roughness and topography of zirconia implants after photofunctionalisation using optical profilometry. Materials and Methods: This is an in-vitro study conducted over a period of six months from March 2020 to August 2020. Ten commercially machined Zirconia implants, five each in study and control group, were micro analysed at three different regions (abutment, thread and crest) by optical profilometry. Study group was surface treated by UV radiation for 48 hours. Quantitative morphometric analysis was done between two groups and p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The statistical test applied in this study was independent t-test. Results: Scanning micrographs of the study group revealed highest density of summits contributing to increased surface area in the study group. Quantitative analysis of surface roughness showed statistically significant higher mean roughness parameter for photofunctionalised implants in abutment, crest and thread region (p<0.05). Conclusion: Photofunctionalisation is a potentially synergistic technique in producing textured zirconia implants.

Effects of Polishing versus Glazing on Dental Ceramic Wear: A Comparative In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abujalala ◽  
A. Nehir Özden
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Dental Ceramic ◽  
Chewing Simulation ◽  
System A ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cad Cam

This study analyzed the wear behavior caused by steatite antagonists to four dental ceramic materials, comparing this between two surface treatments: polishing and glazing. Methods: Thirty flat samples (10 × 8 × 2 mm) were prepared from each of four ceramics: IPS e. max CAD (IPS), GC Initial LiSi Press (LP), Vita Enamic (VE), and monolithic zirconia (MZ). Subgroups of samples were finished by polishing or glazing or neither (as controls). The samples were subjected to computer-controlled chewing simulation (240,000 cycles of 49 N at 1.6 Hz, with thermocycling at 5/55 C), with steatite balls as antagonists. The samples and antagonists were visualized before and after the test with a laser abrasion measurement system, a CAD/CAM scanner, and electron microscopy scanning, and the volumes lost from the tested samples and antagonists were analyzed. Results: For the MZ samples, the polished samples showed significantly less volume loss than the glazed samples (0.0200 mm3 vs. 0.0305 mm3; p =0.0001), whereas there was significantly greater antagonist volume loss (0.0365 mm3 vs. 0.0240 mm3; p = 0.011). There were no significant differences between the subgroups for IPS, VE, and LP, although antagonist volume losses were non-significantly greater with the glazed samples than with the polished samples. Conclusions: Polishing MZ had adverse effects on the corresponding antagonist wear. Glazed MZ showed the lowest antagonist wear.

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro study of root roughness after instrumentation with ultrasonic and diamond tip sonic scaler

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Vieira Ribeiro ◽  
Renato Correa Viana Casarin ◽  
Francisco Humberto Nociti Júnior ◽  
Enilson Antônio Sallum ◽  
Antonio Wilson Sallum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Root Surfaces ◽  
Scanning Electron

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the root surface roughness after instrumentation with hand curette and diamond-coated sonic and universal ultrasonic tips. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty root surfaces of human teeth were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: control group (without instrumentation), curette instrumentation, ultrasonic instrumentation with universal tip and sonic instrumentation with diamond-coated tip. Each sample was instrumented with fifteen strokes. Before and after instrumentation, surface roughness was measured. In addition, the root surface topography was examined after treatment under the scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: Significant statistical differences (p <0.05) were observed when comparing the control group (0.48±0.07mm) to the treated groups (hand - 1.246±0.279mm, ultrasonic - 1.468±0.177mm and sonic instrumentation - 1.576±0.20mm). The highest roughness was produced by diamond-coated sonic tip and by ultrasonic universal tip (p >0.05). CONCLUSION: The diamond-coated tip with sonic scaler instrumentation and ultrasonic instrumentation produce similar root surface roughness, higher than curette instrumentation.

Assessing the Effect of Low Calorie Soda Beverages on Primary Tooth Enamel: An In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Korte ◽  
Matina V Angelopoulou ◽  
Georgios Maroulakos
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Before And After

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low calorie soda beverages on the enamel of primary teeth. Study Design: Fifty enamel slabs were prepared from twenty primary extracted teeth and were equally divided into five groups: a) 0.9% NaCl (Control), b) Coca-Cola Classic (Sucrose), c) Diet Coke (Aspartame), d) Zevia Cola (Erythritol), e) Coca-Cola Life (Stevia). Each specimen was exposed to the beverage for a total of sixty minutes. Enamel surface roughness was measured before and after the exposures using a LEXT OLS4000 3D Laser Measuring Microscope. Results: All tested sodas resulted to a statistically significant change on the surface roughness of the enamel (p =.000). However, this effect did not differ significantly between the different treatment groups (p =.103). Conclusions: Both regular soda and low calorie soda containing different commercial sweeteners appear to have an effect on the surface morphology of primary tooth enamel. Thus, it is important to discourage the intake of any type of soda as part of the dietary advice provided in the dental office.

scholarly journals Efficiency of different protocols for enamel clean-up after bracket debonding: an in vitro study

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Carvalho Freitas Sigilião ◽  
Mariana Marquezan ◽  
Carlos Nelson Elias ◽  
Antônio Carlos Ruellas ◽  
Eduardo Franzotti Sant'Anna
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Enamel Roughness ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Before And After

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficiency of six protocols for cleaning-up tooth enamel after bracket debonding.Methods:A total of 60 premolars were divided into six groups, according to the tools used for clean-up: 12-blade bur at low speed (G12L), 12-blade bur at high speed (G12H), 30-blade bur at low speed (G30L), DU10CO ORTHO polisher (GDU), Renew System (GR) and Diagloss polisher (GD). Mean roughness (Ra) and mean roughness depth (Rz) of enamel surface were analyzed with a profilometer. Paired t-test was used to assess Ra and Rz before and after enamel clean-up. ANOVA/Tukey tests were used for intergroup comparison. The duration of removal procedures was recorded. The association between time and variation in enamel roughness (∆Ra, ∆Rz) were evaluated by Pearson's correlation test. Enamel topography was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Results:In Groups G12L and G12H, original enamel roughness did not change significantly. In Groups G30L, GDU, GR and GD, a smoother surface (p < 0.05) was found after clean-up. In Groups G30L and GD, the protocols used were more time-consuming than those used in the other groups. Negative and moderate correlation was observed between time and (∆Ra, ∆Rz); Ra and (∆Ra, ∆Rz); Rz (r = - 0.445, r = - 0.475, p < 0.01).Conclusion:All enamel clean-up protocols were efficient because they did not result in increased surface roughness. The longer the time spent performing the protocol, the lower the surface roughness.

scholarly journals Effects of polishing vs. glazing on dental ceramic wear: A comparative in vitro study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abujalala ◽  
A.Nehir Özden
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Dental Ceramic ◽  
Chewing Simulation ◽  
System A ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cad Cam

Abstract Background: This study analyzed the wear behavior caused by steatite antagonists to four dental ceramic materials, comparing this between two surface treatments: polishing and glazing. Methods: Thirty flat samples (10 × 8 × 2 mm) were prepared from each of four ceramics: IPS e.max CAD (IPS), GC Initial LiSi Press (LP), Vita Enamic (VE), and monolithic zirconia (MZ). Subgroups of samples were finished by polishing or glazing or neither (as controls). The samples were subjected to computer-controlled chewing simulation (240,000 cycles of 49 N at 1.6 Hz, with thermocycling at 5/55°C), with steatite balls as antagonists. The samples and antagonists were visualized before and after the test with a laser abrasion measurement system, a CAD/CAM scanner, and electron microscopy scanning, and the volumes lost from the tested samples and antagonists were analyzed.Results: For the MZ samples, the polished samples showed significantly less volume loss than the glazed samples (0.0200 mm3 vs. 0.0305 mm3; p = 0.0001), whereas there was significantly greater antagonist volume loss (0.0365 mm3 vs. 0.0240 mm3; p = 0.011). There were no significant differences between the subgroups for IPS, VE, and LP, although antagonist volume losses were non-significantly greater with the glazed samples than with the polished samples. Conclusions: Polishing MZ had adverse effects on the corresponding antagonist wear. Glazed MZ showed the lowest antagonist wear.

scholarly journals Influence of different polishing and aging periods on the surface roughness of composite resins

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e27310414305
Author(s):  
Ricardo Coelho Okida ◽  
Isis Almela Endo Hoshino ◽  
Lívia Patrícia Romanini ◽  
Amanda Maslen Fontes ◽  
Lara Maria Bueno Esteves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Repeated Testing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the polishing period on surface roughness (Ra) before and after thermal aging in four composite resins - CR (Durafill VS, Vittra APS, Filtek Z350XT and Spectra Smart). This in vitro study evaluated: (1) CR in 4 levels; (2) polishing period (PP) in three levels (immediate, 7 and 14 days) and (3) artificial aging in two levels: without aging and after 10,000 cycles. For this, 240 CR specimens were allocated into 12 groups (n=20) according to PP with SofLex Pop On disks.  For Ra, 3 measurements on the top surface of each specimen were performed with a diamond tip and constant load of 4mN and 0.25mm/s. Next, the specimens were aged in thermocycling, with temperatures of 5° and 55°C, during 30 seconds in each temperature, and repeated testing afterwards. The data were submitted to statistical tests with 5% significance. The alteration in Ra was observed only in the late polishing in the period of 7 days, where the Durafill VS CR showed higher Ra in comparison to the other CRs. After thermocycling, the groups showed significant difference only with late polishing in the 21-day period; the nanoparticulated RCs (Z350XT˂Vittra APS) recorded the highest Ra values, followed by the microhybrid (DurafillVS) and nanohybrid (Spectra Smart) RCs, respectively. Thus, late polishing in the 7-day and immediate period provided higher Ra values, especially for the nanohybrid and microhybrid composite resins.

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