Genetic parameters of resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in melon

ABSTRACT: In order to assess the genetic control of resistance in the melon ‘Gaúcho Redondo’ to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three blocks and six treatments using the parental lines ‘Gaúcho Redondo’ (P1 resistant) and JAB 20 (P2 susceptible), as well as F1, F2, and backcross generations (RC1P1 and RC1P2). Seventy days after inoculation, individual plants were evaluated for resistance using the nematode reproduction factor (RF). The hypothesis of monogenic inheritance was rejected by the chi-square test (χ2), and results indicated that resistance is controlled by more than one gene locus, as confirmed by the quantitative analysis that revealed the presence of six genes.

Download Full-text

Assessment of the most suitable nematode inoculum density and plant growth period to screen coffee genotypes for their reaction to Meloidogyne incognita

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003311 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 373-380

Author(s):

Santino A. Silva ◽

Anderson C.G. Bicalho ◽

Débora C. Santiago ◽

Lucas S. Cunha ◽

Andressa C.Z. Machado

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Genetic Screening ◽

Coffea Arabica ◽

Growth Period ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Population Densities ◽

Nematode Reproduction ◽

Rf Values ◽

Reproduction Factor ◽

The Ideal

Summary One of the concerns for nematological research is the absence of information on standard nematode population densities to be used when screening to assess resistance/susceptibility levels of a genotype. In addition, the length of the growth period, especially for perennial crops such as coffee, must also be known. The objective of this work was to evaluate the ideal evaluation periods and population densities of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, for phenotyping Coffea arabica genotypes. Seedlings of coffee ‘Mundo Novo’ with five leaf pairs cropped in 700 cm3 plastic pots were inoculated with population densities of 700, 1400, 2800, 5600 and 11 200 eggs of M. incognita per plant and evaluated at 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after inoculation (DAI) to determine the nematode reproduction factor (RF). The use of population densities of M. incognita from 700-2000 nematodes with evaluations between 90 and 180 DAI was the most suitable to obtain higher RF values and allows earlier and more accurate evaluations, which reduces the time for phenotyping in genetic screening programmes.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Nematicidal Activity of Fluensulfone against Meloidogyne incognita in Bell Pepper Crop

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2020/v32i1030339 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 52-59

Author(s):

José Alonso Calvo- Araya ◽

Nery Zapata- Montes

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Block Design ◽

Nematicidal Activity ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Single Application ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Horticultural Crops ◽

Final Population ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Set Up

The evaluation of nematicidal activity of the non- fumigant nematicide (fluensulfone) was evaluated for the control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in bell pepper crop (Capsicum annuum L.) under field conditions. The experiment was set up under a randomized complete block design with four replications. Six treatments were assessed for control of M. incognita: four doses of fluensulfone, one of the nematicide oxamyl and a control without application of nematicides. Ten days before transplanting, nematicides were applied in a single application via irrigation systems. The lowest final population densities of M. incognita in bell pepper crop were recorded in plots treated with fluensulfone at the dose of 2.75 L.ha-1, with an average of 25 juveniles. The higher percentage of efficacy was obtained with the application of fluensulfone at a dose of 2.75 L.ha-1. Fluensulfone showed a more efficient nematicidal activity as compared with oxamyl, which is the most used nematicide in horticultural crops in Mexico. Our results indicated that fluensulfone can be used as an alternative nematicide for the control of M. incognita in horticultural crops.

Download Full-text

The effect of sandy soil, bacterium dose and time on the efficacy of Pasteuria penetrans to control Meloidogyne incognita race 1 on coffee

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854107782331171 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 845-851 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Célia Cordeiro ◽

Regina Carneiro ◽

Pedro Cirotto ◽

Luiz de Mesquita ◽

Maria Ritta Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Sandy Soil ◽

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Pasteuria Penetrans ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Nematode Reproduction ◽

Second Stage ◽

Race 1 ◽

Coffee Plants ◽

Reproduction Factor

AbstractAn obligate parasite bacterium of the root-knot nematode, Pasteuria penetrans strain P10, isolated from Meloidogyne incognita females on banana roots in Imperatriz Maranhão State, Brazil, was evaluated in glasshouse conditions, using two doses of a dry root bionematicide (107 endospores (5.0 g/seedling) and 106 endospores (0.5 g/seedling)) on seedlings of cv. Mundo Novo coffee. The soil in which coffee seedlings were raised was inoculated previously with these two doses of P. penetrans and after 2 months the plants were transferred to soils of different textures: clay-sandy soil (38% clay, 2% silt and 60% sand) and sandy soil (17% clay, 0% silt and 83% sand). When the coffee plants were 30 cm high, they were inoculated with 20 000 eggs/plant of M. incognita race 1. The coffee plants were examined 8, 16 and 24 months after nematode plant infestation. The effectiveness of the biological control was determined by the reduction of nematode reproduction factor, which ranged from 62 to 67% in clay-sandy soil and 80 to 85% in sandy soil. The mechanism of suppression caused by the bacterium was evaluated by the percentage of infected second-stage juveniles (J2), number of endospores attached/J2 and number of infected females. The high levels of suppression were related to time, increasing from 8 to 24 months, and to the percentage of sand in the soil.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Four Tomato Genotypes Resistance to Root-Knot Nematode

Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research ◽

10.24017/science.2018.1.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 53-57

Author(s):

Nask Mohamad Faraj ◽

Rebin A. Qadir

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Environmental Pollution ◽

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Human Life ◽

Block Design ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

Tomato Genotypes

The root-knot nematode incited by Meloidogyne incognita is one of the top diseases affecting tomato production worldwide. Nematicides can be effectively used to control the disease, but is costly and harmful to human life and environmental pollution. Alternatively resistant cultivars can be used inexpensive and eco-friendly. Resistance evaluation of five tomato cultivars (Red Rock, King Rock, Presto F1, Super Queen and Super Regina) were tested using randomized complete block design with five replications and three nematode inoculums (0, 500 and 1500 egg/second juvenile per pot). The statistical analysis gave significant differences among the genotypes, nematode densities level with their interactions. Among genotypes, Red Rock recorded significantly highest plant height (57.0) cm, Presto F1 (37.8) cm, King Rock (35.2) cm, Super Regina (30.1) cm and Super queen showed lowest (25.4) cm. As an alternative for managing the nematodes, further experiments are required in the field for applying plant resistances.

Download Full-text

SUSCEPTIBILITY AND TOLERANCE TO ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES (MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA) OF TELFAIRIA OCCIDENTALIS UNDER ORGANIC CONVERSION

FUDMA Journal of Sciences ◽

10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-266 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 26-31

Author(s):

Jonathan Atungwu ◽

O. O. Olabinjo ◽

C. O. Eche ◽

I. Tijjani

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Nematode ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Root Knot Nematodes ◽

Nematode Reproduction ◽

Plant Soil ◽

Telfairia Occidentalis ◽

Celosia Argentea

Three cultivars of Telfairia occidentalis were assessed for their resistance or otherwise to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) infection on the field. Seeds were extracted from the pods of the selected cultivars and planted on moist sawdust in nursery trays to raise seedlings for transplanting. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated thrice. Pre-plant soil samples were taken to estimate initial nematode populations. At seven days after transplanting, eggs of Meloidogyne incognita (Mi) were extracted from 60 day-old Celosia argentea and used for inoculation of the three cultivars of T. occidentalis at approximately 5000 eggs/stand. Plants were, thereafter, observed for vine length, vine girth and number of leaves from two weeks till 8 weeks after transplanting. Final soil nematode population and root gall indices were determined at 60-66 days after inoculation. Reproduction factor was determined and used along with the gall indices to rate the cultivars for resistance or susceptibility to Mi. Results showed that cultivars NHTo-020 and NHTo-030 were susceptible to root-knot nematode which implied that plants allowed nematode reproduction and also suffered yield loss while cultivar NHTo-010 was tolerant to nematode infestation meaning that nematode reproduction took place but the plant does not suffer yield loss. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference in the mean vine length and number of leaf irrespective of the inoculum while effect on the vine girth was significantly variable. The inoculated plants gave significantly better vegetative growth than the naturally infested plants which indicated genetic variability in the cultivars.

Download Full-text

ESTIMATION GENE EFFECTS BASED ON JOINT SCALING TEST AND SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS IN FOUR MAIZE CROSSES 1-YIELD COMPONENTS

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v49i2.220 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

Author(s):

B. H. Hadi

Keyword(s):

Genetic Parameters ◽

Genetic Variance ◽

Block Design ◽

Dominance Model ◽

Chi Square ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Maize Grain ◽

Allelic Interaction

The objective of this study to estimate the components of genetic variation, phenotypic (PCV) ,genotypic(GCV) coefficient of variation, genetic gain and its percentage. An experiment was conducted at the field of Field Crop Dept.Coll. Agric.-Univ. Baghdad, using four crosses (FI01301 Rustico), (AntignaoHi39× Nostred), (Lo1391× Rustico) and (Rusticocangini× Rustico) which developed from crossing of genetically different of six inbred lines for maize (Zae mays L.), introduced from Italy. Genetic parameters were estimated according to the Joint scaling test using the randomized complete block design with four replications. The components of genetic variance; Additive and dominance of the maize grain yield and some trait, were estimated. The results showed that the values of Chi square were significant for all the studied some traits of all crosses, thus the simple additive – dominance model in four crosses exhibited lack of good fit for all traits, indicates the role of non-allelic interaction. Dominance gene action was higher than additive for most traits. Therefore the hybridization would be more effective than population selection to improve these traits for these crosses.

Download Full-text

A Novel Nematicide for the Control of Root-Knot Nematodes in Tomato Crop

International Journal of Phytopathology ◽

10.33687/phytopath.006.02.2085 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 35-40

Author(s):

José A. Calvo-Araya

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Block Design ◽

Single Application ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

Final Population ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Set Up

A novel nematicide (fluensulfone) was evaluated for control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under field conditions. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Six treatments were assessed for control of M. incognita: four doses of fluensulfone, one dose of the nematicide oxamyl, and a control with no application of nematicides. Ten days before transplanting, nematicides were applied in a single application via an irrigation system. The lowest final population densities of M. incognita in tomato crop were recorded in plots treated with fluensulfone at the dose of 2.75 L·ha-1, with an average of 26 juveniles. The higher percentage of efficacy was obtained with the application of fluensulfone at a dose of 2.5 L·ha-1. Fluensulfone exerted a more efficient nematicidal activity as compared with oxamyl, which is the most used nematicide in crops in Mexico. Our results indicated that fluensulfone can be used as an alternative nematicide for the control of M. incognita in tomato crop and other crops.

Download Full-text

Use of a Resistant Pepper as a Rotational Crop to Manage Southern Root-knot Nematode

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.4.716 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 716-718 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J.A. Thies ◽

J.D. Mueller ◽

R.L. Fery

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Block Design ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Experimental Site ◽

Previous Crop ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

The Mean ◽

Rotational Crop ◽

Rotation Crop ◽

Southern Root Knot Nematode

A 3-year field study was conducted at Blackville, S.C., to evaluate the potential of using resistant pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars as a rotation crop for managing the southern root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood]. The experiment was a split-plot with main plots arranged in a randomized complete-block design. In 1993, the entire experimental site was infested with M. incognita by inoculating a planting of susceptible PA-136 cayenne pepper with eggs of M. incognita race 3. In 1994, the main plots were planted to either highly resistant `Carolina Cayenne' or its susceptible sibling line PA-136. In 1995, `Carolina Cayenne' and the susceptible bell cultivars California Wonder and Keystone Resistant Giant were grown as subplots in each of the original main plots. `Carolina Cayenne' plants were unaffected by the previous crop. Previous cropping history, however, had a significant impact on the performance of the bell cultivars; the mean galling response was less (P < 0.01) and the yield was 2.8 times greater (P < 0.01) in the main plots previously cropped with `Carolina Cayenne' than in those previously cropped with PA-136. These results suggest that resistant pepper cultivars have considerable merit as a rotation crop for managing M. incognita infestations in soils used for growing high-value vegetables.

Download Full-text

Genetic diversity of Meloidogyne spp. parasitising potato in Brazil and aggressiveness of M. javanica populations on susceptible cultivars

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003032 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 69-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Israel L. Medina ◽

Cesar B. Gomes ◽

Valdir R. Correa ◽

Vanessa S. Mattos ◽

Philippe Castagnone-Sereno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Potato Production ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Root Knot Nematodes ◽

Nematode Reproduction ◽

Meloidogyne Spp ◽

Prevalent Species ◽

Reproduction Factor

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) significantly impact potato production worldwide and in Brazil they are considered one of the most important group of nematodes affecting potatoes. The objectives of this study were to survey Meloidogyne spp. associated with potatoes in Brazil, determine their genetic diversity and assess the aggressiveness of M. javanica on two susceptible potato cultivars. Fifty-seven root-knot nematode populations were identified using esterase phenotyping, including Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita, M. arenaria and M. ethiopica. Overall, root-knot nematodes were present in ca 43% of sampled sites, in which M. javanica was the most prevalent species, and the phenotypes Est J3, J2a and J2 occurred in 91.2, 6.7 and 2.1% of the positive samples, respectively. Other species, such as M. incognita, M. arenaria and M. ethiopica, were found less frequently and occurred at rates of 6.4, 4.3 and 2.1% of the samples, respectively. Sometimes, M. javanica was found in mixtures with other root-knot nematodes in ca 10.6% of sites containing Meloidogyne. After confirming the identification of 17 isolates of M. javanica and one isolate each of M. incognita, M. arenaria and M. ethiopica by SCAR markers, the populations were used to infer their genetic diversity using RAPD markers. Results revealed low intraspecifc genetic diversity among isolates (13.9%) for M. javanica. Similarly, M. javanica sub-populations (J2a) clustered together (81% of bootstrap), indicating subtle variation from typical J3 populations. The aggressiveness of four populations of M. javanica from different Brazilian states on two susceptible potato cultivars was tested under glasshouse conditions. Results indicated differences in aggressiveness among these populations and showed that potato disease was proportional to nematode reproduction factor.

Download Full-text

Age of Plant Material Influences Resistance of Some Prunus Rootstocks to Meloidogyne incognita

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.3.582 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 582-585 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carolina Fernández ◽

Jorge Pinochet ◽

Daniel Esmenjaud ◽

Maria Joao Gravato-Nobre ◽

Antonio Felipe

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Saline Soil ◽

Soil Condition ◽

Plant Age ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Maturation Period ◽

Nematode Reproduction ◽

Loss Of Resistance ◽

High Level

The influence of salinity and plant age on nematode reproduction was determined on two susceptible and six root-knot-nematode-resistant Prunus rootstocks inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White). Experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions over 120 (plant age study) and 75 (salinity study) days. Following inoculation with 4000 nematodes per plant, susceptible 2-month-old GF-677 (Prunus persica L. Batsch. × P. dulcis Mill. Webb) and Montclar (P. persica) were affected significantly more than 1-year-old plants. Barrier (P. persica × P. davidiana Carr. Franch.) plantlets showed a partial loss of resistance in relation to older plants, suggesting that a root tissue maturation period is required for expression of full resistance. Nemared (P. persica); G × N No 22 (P. persica × P. dulcis); and the plums GF 8-1 (P. cerasifera Ehrh. × P. munsoniana Wight and Hedrick), PSM 101 (P. insititia L.), and P 2980 (P. cerasifera) maintained their high level of resistance or immunity, regardless of plant age. Nematode reproduction was higher in GF-677 rootstock in saline soil. Nemared and Barrier showed similar low galling and nematode reproduction in nonsaline and saline soil. PSM 101 immunity to M. incognita was not affected by soil condition.

Download Full-text