scholarly journals Selection of sugarcane families and clones under cold stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Alvaro Aloisio Verissimo ◽  
Amaro Afonso Campos de Azeredo ◽  
Sergio Delmar dos Anjos e Silva ◽  
Bruno Portela Brasileiro ◽  
João Carlos Bespalhok Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Incomplete Block Design ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Selection Stage ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Selection Phase

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to select cold-tolerant sugarcane families and clones. Evaluations were carried out during three selection phases in the municipality of Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experiments were arranged in an incomplete block design, with initially 4,452 seedlings of 53 full-sib families. Aside from the traits soluble solids content (BRX), tons of stalks per hectare (TSH) and tons of brixper hectare (TBH), the survival of the apical bud (ABS) was evaluated in the first selection stage (T1) of the breeding program. At the end of three selection phases, 15 clones of 14 of the 53 families evaluated in the first phase (T1) were selected for the experimental phase. Of these, the clones RS/PR126066, RS/PR126044, RS/PR126052, RS/PR126007 and RS/PR126033, had a good performance for apical bud survival in the first selection phase.

scholarly journals Breeding full-sib families of sugar cane using selection index

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Marcon Almeida ◽  
Alexandre Pio Viana ◽  
Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior ◽  
Josil de Barros Carneiro Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Selection Stage ◽  
Selection Of

An experiment with families belonging to the first selection stage (T1) of the Sugar Cane Breeding Program (PMGCA) of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)/RIDESA was carried out in the Plant Disa, located in the municipality of Conceição da Barra-ES, in 2006, aiming to evaluate families, for the selection of superior plants for the later stages of the breeding program of the culture. Sixty-eight full-sib families and three genotypes considered standards with potential recommendation for the area under study were evaluated. The experiment was arranged in a statistical randomized block design, in which the families were grouped into four sets. Each set had four replicates and one hundred seedlings per plot, with spacing of 0.5 meters between plants and 1.40 between rows. The evaluations were conducted during two growing seasons, corresponding to the first and second ratoon, 2008 and 2009, respectively. The traits stem diameter (DMC), total weight of the plot (P), number of stems (NC) Brix of the lower stem (Brix PE) and Brix of the upper stem (Brix PT) were assessed. All traits were significant for the genotypes, by the F test (P<0.01), in joint analyses of environments, which reveals significant differences between families. The values found in this study for the genetic variation coefficient (CVg) indicate great potential for success in breeding programs targeting at the selection of the traits evaluated. The highest gains were achieved when the indices of Smith and Hazel and Mulamba and Mock were used, which allowed simultaneous superior gains in all traits for the best families.

scholarly journals Selection of half-sib families of creole melon (Cucumis melo L.) on the Ecuadorian coast

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Francisco Espinosa ◽  
Franco Alirio Vallejo ◽  
Lauden Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
High Production ◽  
Cucumis Melo L ◽  
Fruit Diameter ◽  
Selection Of

The creole melon cantaloupe is a horticultural species, whose fruits are used for human nutrition. However, no research has been reported on their genetic variability for starting breeding processes. The objective of this study was to take advantage of the variability of creole melons for genetic improvement. 20 creole melon half-sib families were selected and evaluated for production characteristics and fruit quality in order to obtain improved populations. The study was carried out in Palenque canton, Ecuador. Seeds from 20 half-sib families were used, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The differences between the families were significant for all the studied characteristics. Family 93 presented higher averages for fruit weight, fruit diameter and production (per hectare), and family 196 did so for soluble solids. The phenotypic correlations were positive and significant between the fruit weight and fruit diameter, fruit length, pulp thickness, fruit cavity, soluble solids and production. The coefficients of genetic variation, in general, were lower than the coefficients of environmental variation. The estimates of heritability broadly had a moderate magnitude (30-60%) for the 10 evaluated characteristics, and the magnitude of the expected genetic progress was low (<10%) for the fruit weight, production, and soluble solids, so the selection for high production should focus on fruit weight and soluble solids.

scholarly journals Comportamento de genótipos de maturação precoce de cana-de-açúcar na Zona da Mata de Pernambuco

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Aurélia Pietrina Costa Albuquerque ◽  
Gerson Quirino Bastos ◽  
João Andrade Dutra Filho ◽  
Djalma Euzébio Simões Neto ◽  
Leonam José Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
High Possibility ◽  
Early Harvest ◽  
Selection Of

In sugarcane commercial cultivation the knowledge related to genotypes performance in different harvest seasons are essential for the identification of early genotypes which, when selected, will contribute to a significant increase in agroindustrial productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the agroindustrial performance of 26 sugarcane genotypes and to select genotypes that stood out for early maturation and a consequently early harvest. The experiments were conducted at ‘Olho D’gua’farm in the ‘Zona da Mata’ region, north of Pernambuco state. A randomized block design with four replications was used and the evaluated variables were: tons of pol per hectare (TPH), tons of sugarcane per hectare (TCH), fiber (FIB), adjusted pol% (PCC), soluble solids content (BRIX) and total recoverable sugar (ATR). The variance analysis and estimationof the genetic parameters were carried out, grouping the genotypes according to Scott-Knott´s test and a total economic analysis was realized. The average heritability for TPH and TCH indicates high possibility of success in the selection of early and highly productive genotypes. It was observed that the genotypes RB92579, RB867515, RB75126, RB942991, SP81-3250, RB93509, RB72454 and RB863129 presented better performance for an early harvest.

scholarly journals Production and quality of melon hybrid Mandacaru irrigated with different levels of salinity

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiana Cleuma de Medeiros ◽  
José Francismar de Medeiros ◽  
Francisco Aécio de L Pereira ◽  
Sonally Cristina de M Silva ◽  
Maria das Graças Amâncio
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Solids Content

Among the problems faced by the melon crop in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, northeastern Brazil, the effect of water and soil salinity is considered one of the key factors to limit fruit production and quality. The aim of this work was to study the effects of using irrigation waters with different salinity levels on yield and quality of fruits of the yellow melon hybrid Mandacaru. A randomized complete block design was used with five treatments (irrigation water salt concentrations: 0.54, 1.48, 2.02, 3.03, 3.9 dS m-1) and four replications. The effects of these concentrations were evaluated through, number of marketable fruits per plant, marketable and total fruit yield, average marketable fruit mass, soluble solids content and pulp firmness. Increment in water salinity level negatively influenced crop yield. The 3.9 dS m-1 salinity level caused yield losses of 20.31%, due to the reduction of fruit number per plant. The highest soluble solid content and the highest pulp firmness values were estimated to occur at salinity levels 2.09 and 3.5 dS m-1, respectively.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters and performance of sugarcane families under cold stress in the South of Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Alvaro Aloisio Verissimo ◽  
Ricardo Augusto de Oliveira ◽  
Sérgio Delmar dos Anjos e Silva ◽  
Edelclaiton Daros ◽  
Adílson Härter
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Incomplete Block Design ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
And Performance ◽  
South Of Brazil

Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters for the performance prediction of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) families under natural cold stress, in Southern Brazil, and to identify the best combinations of parents aiming at the selection for tolerance to cold. Fifty-three full-sib families were evaluated in an incomplete block design, with five replicates per family, in the municipality of Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Harvest occurred in August 2013, nine months after planting and after cold spells with negative temperatures down to -2.2ºC. Statistical analyses, performed with the mixed model methodology, detected significant differences among families. Heritability estimates among progeny means were higher than those of individual heritability. Estimates of genetic progress for the traits megagrams of stalks per hectare, megagrams of brix per hectare, and number of stalks indicated gains of 93.8, 91.0, and 53.3%, respectively. A set of eight promising families that combine high estimates for yield and cold stress tolerance was obtained.

scholarly journals Agronomic potential of BC1F2 dwarf round tomato populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Resende Finzi ◽  
Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel ◽  
Hugo Gabriel Peres ◽  
Marina Freitas e Silva ◽  
Joicy Vitória Miranda Peixoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Agronomic Potential ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The use of dwarf lines to obtain mini-tomato hybrids has provided agronomic and economic benefits. In Brazil, round tomatoes predominate over other varieties. The benefits of using a dwarf parent in round tomato hybrids has yet to be explored, making it important to develop dwarf round tomato lines. Backcrossing is the most suitable method to develop these lines. Evaluation and selection of the dwarf populations can improve the development of such lines. Thus, the aim of this study was to select BC1F2 populations of dwarf round tomatoes with agronomic potential and high-quality fruit. The study was conducted at the Vegetable Experimental Station of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU). A randomized block design was used, with 15 treatments and three replicates. The genetic material analyzed consisted of 12 BC1F2 dwarf tomato populations, plus both parents (recurrent and donor) and a commercial hybrid. The characteristics assessed were: average fruit weight (g), total soluble solids (ºBrix), number of locules (locules per fruit-1), fruit shape, pulp thickness (cm), longitudinal (cm) and transverse fruit diameter (cm), internode length (cm) and plant height (cm). The data were submitted to mean testing, multivariate analyses and a selection index. In general, average fruit weight in the dwarf populations increased significantly after the first backcross, with some fruits exhibiting a similar shape to round tomatoes. Selection of the populations UFU-DTOM7, UFU-DTOM10, UFU-DTOM5, UFU-DTOM9, and UFU-DTOM3 resulted in an estimated 6% increase in the number of locules, transverse diameter, TD/LD ratio and average fruit weight. The BC1F2 dwarf populations UFU-DTOM7 and UFU-DTOM10 were the most promising for develop inbred lines with round fruits. Despite the considerable progress achieved in this study, we suggest a second backcross, in order to obtain lines and, posteriorly, hybrids with round fruits and compact plants.

scholarly journals Sprouting, phenology, and maturation of the Italian grapevine ‘Fiano’ in Campo Largo, PR, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
João Guilherme Fowler ◽  
Gislâine Margoti ◽  
Luiz Antonio Biasi
Keyword(s):  
Standard Dose ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Phenological Cycle ◽  
Bud Opening ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Chilling Hours

Despite the expansion of viticulture in Brazil, the lack of chilling hours is a factor that requires the use of growth inducers to promote sprouting. Erger™ is a product of low toxicity and efficient in the bud induction of apple. However, there is a lack of studies testing such a product on the grapevine. This research was carried out to evaluate the sprouting and phenological cycle of ‘Fiano’ grapevine after Erger™ and calcium nitrate application in comparison to hydrogen cyanamide, as well as characterizing its production in Brazil. The experiment was carried out in Campo Largo, PR, under a trellis system, with plants spaced at 1.25 × 2.7 meters. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications and three plants per plot. Different concentrations of Erger™ and calcium nitrate (3%, 5%, 7%, and control) were tested compared to the standard dose of Dormex™ (4%) to induce sprouting in ‘Fiano’ grapevine, while phenological aspects of this cultivar were evaluated following the BBCH scale. Soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and pH were evaluated weekly after the beginning of berry maturation. The main biometric and qualitative characteristics of bunches were evaluated at harvest. All treatments presented satisfactory sprouting rates in 2014, but a lower cold accumulation was observed in 2015, and Erger™ application significantly increased sprouting when compared to the control. Plants treated with Erger™ had a delay in sprouting in the two years of study, requiring more time to reach a satisfactory percentage of open buds. The anticipation of sprouting was also observed in all treatments in the second agricultural season due to higher temperatures in relation to the previous year when the occurrence of low temperatures led to a longer time to start bud opening, which was related to ecodormancy. The cultivar Fiano is productive and adapted to the conditions of Campo Largo, PR, Brazil.

scholarly journals Combining Ability for Resistance to Sweetpotato Feathery Mottle Virus

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1319-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Mihovilovich ◽  
Humberto A. Mendoza ◽  
Luis F. Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Design Resistance ◽  
Selection Of

Combining ability for resistance to Sweetpotato Feathery Mottle Virus (SPFMV) was evaluated in seven sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] clones. A diallel mating design was used, which resulted in 16 full-sib families. Families were evaluated for SPFMV resistance under greenhouse conditions in a randomized complete-block design. Resistance was tested by grafting Ipomoea nil `Scarlet O' Hara' infected with the russet crack strain of SPFMV (RC-SPFMV) onto individual plants of the families being evaluated. Symptomless plants were further indexed by cleft grafting virus-free Ipomoea setosa Ker plants onto the tested plants. Those plants in which the virus was not recovered by this test were considered resistant. Analysis of variance for SPFMV resistance revealed significant general combining abilities (GCA). Two clones, DLP-886 and TN90.300, exhibited significant positive GCA for SPFMV resistance. No significant specific combining abilities (SCA) were detected among the crosses. Breeding for resistance to SPFMV should focus on careful selection of resistant parents. In addition, results suggest that additive gene action is important in resistance to SPFMV.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Quality, Antioxidant Capacity and Nutritional Value in Tuberous Roots of Some Wild Dahlia Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban A. RIVERA-ESPEJEL ◽  
Oscar CRUZ-ALVAREZ ◽  
José M. MEJÍA-MUÑOZ ◽  
María R. GARCÍA-MATEOS ◽  
María T.B. COLINAS-LEÓN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Physicochemical Quality ◽  
Tuberous Roots ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this research was to evaluate the physicochemical quality, antioxidant capacity and nutritional value in tuberous roots of some wild dahlia species. The experiment was carried out in the Department of Plant Science of the Autonomous University Chapingo, Mexico. Plants were established in a randomized complete block design with five replications. The total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C (VC), total phenols (TP), antioxidant capacity (AC), inulin and its proximate composition were evaluated. Among the materials analyzed, the most outstanding wild species were Dahlia campanulata, D. coccinea and D. brevis, where D. campanulata stood out for its concentration of VC (0.05 mg 100 g-1), AC (1.88 mg VCEAC g-1), inulin, DM and TC (72.25, 24.38 and 88.37%, respectively), however, the inulin content was similar to D. coccinea (66.17%), which was also outstanding with respect to the content of TP (1.74 mg GA g-1). Likewise, D. brevis presented the highest values of RFi (5.49%) and A (78.42%). According to our results, the tuberous roots of wild dahlia species can be used as food, as well as being a source of selection of traits of nutraceutic interest for genetic improvement.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********  

scholarly journals SELECTION VIA MIXED MODELS IN SEGREGATING GUAVA FAMILIES BASED ON YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SILVANA SILVA RED QUINTAL ◽  
ALEXANDRE PIO VIANA ◽  
BIANCA MACHADO CAMPOS ◽  
MARCELO VIVAS ◽  
ANTONIO TEIXEIRA DO AMARAL JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Selection Accuracy ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Solids Content

ABSTRACT Aiming at the generation of new guava varieties with superior attributes, we conducted this study adopting the REML/BLUP procedure at individual level. Seventeen segregating guava families were evaluated in a randomized-block design with two replicates and 12 plants per plot. Families were obtained after controlled biparental pollination. The studied individuals showed high genotypic variance for fruit weight (FW), total yield (YLD), and ascorbic acid content (AAC). The heritability coefficients of the mean of progenies led to high progeny-selection accuracy for pulp yield (PY), soluble solids content (SSC), in addition to FW, YLD, and AAC; moderate accuracy for fruit acidity (FA) and SSC/FA ratio; and low accuracy for mesocarp thickness (MT) and pH. Selection among families (h2mp) indicated the highest values for FW, PY, YLD, SSC, and AAC, revealing that, for the present study, this practice would be effective, since these traits allowed for the highest selection accuracy values among families. As for the ranking of individuals, families originating from crosses UENF 1835 × UENF 1834, UENF 1831 × UENF 1832, and UENF 1831 × UENF 3739 stood out, occupying the first positions for most traits.

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