scholarly journals Light sources on the germination and initial in vitro establishment of Schomburgkia crispa Lindl., a species of the Brazilian Cerrado

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Sorgato ◽  
Erick Dutra Mudolon ◽  
Fernando Figueiredo Guimarães ◽  
Jackeline Schultz Soares ◽  
Luan Marlon Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
White Led ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
In Vitro Establishment

ABSTRACT: Light is one of the factors that influence the germination and initial establishment of orchids under in vitro cultivation. This study evaluated the effect of different light sources on these stages in in vitro cultivation of Schomburgkia crispa Lindl. After sowing in an aseptic environment, we stored the cultures in a screened greenhouse (natural light) or in a growth room with the following light sources: 3,000 K yellow LED; 6,500 K white LED [1]; 6,500 K white LED [2]; or 6,500 K white fluorescent lamp (control). We assessed germination percentage and initial seedling establishment at 45 and 90 days after sowing. Light did not influence the germination of S. crispa. However, the use of 3,000 K LED provided a faster initial establishment of S. crispa when compared to the other light sources, also presenting lower seedling mortality. Thus, the light source 3,000 K LED is a potential substitute for the 6,500 K fluorescent lamps and LEDs used in growth rooms in in vitro culture laboratories.

scholarly journals AgNO3 improved micropropagation and stimulate in vitro flowering of rose (Rosa x hybrida) cv. Sena

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Ana Victória Conde da Silva de Matos ◽  
Bárbara Samantha de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Eduarda Barboza Souza de Oliveira ◽  
Jean Carlos Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Flowering ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Physiological Disorders ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Early Leaf Senescence

Abstract Rose is one of the most important cut flower in the world. Rose micropropagation was used for production of clonal and disease-free plantlets and to breeding purposes. However, many important rose cultivars showed physiological disorders as early-leaf senescence and very low multiplication rate under in vitro conditions. Our hypothesis is that these symptoms were associated with high sensibility of these cultivars to ethylene accumulation on in vitro environment. The rose cv. Sena was in vitro cultivated under different concentrations of AgNO3 and two light sources, LED and fluorescent lamps, as a way to investigate in vitro similar symptoms to ethylene accumulation. AgNO3 at 1.0-2.0 mg L-1 solved the main in vitro physiological disorders observed in this rose cultivar. Also, AgNO3 stimulated induction of 50% of rose shoots to in vitro flowering at 2.0 mg L-1. Higher concentrations also resulted in flowering induction, but with imperfect flower development.

scholarly journals Enhanced Seed Germination of Ilex dumosa R. (Aquifoliaceae) through In Vitro Culture of Cut Pyrenes

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia R. Dolce ◽  
Luis A. Mroginski ◽  
Hebe Y. Rey
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Cutting Surface ◽  
Rescue Technique ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Scalpel Blade ◽  
Culture Protocol

An in vitro culture protocol was developed that increased the germination percentage and decreased the lag time to germination for Ilex dumosa R. pyrenes as a tool for replacing the laborious task of embryo rescue technique. This method involves transversely cutting surface-sterilized pyrenes with a scalpel blade, then placing the micropylar one-third end with the rudimentary embryo (≈0.25 mm long) on solidified (agar 0.65%) quarter-strength salts and vitamins of Murashige and Skoog, 1962 medium with 3% sucrose, and incubating in a growth room at 27 ± 2 °C with a 14-h photoperiod (116 μmol·m−2·s−1). Most of the cut pyrenes (greater than 50%) germinated within the first month after inoculation and achieved maximum germination (≈70%) in 2 months compared with whole pyrenes, which began to germinate 3 months after sowing and required more than 8 months for maximum germination (37%). Moreover, the germination percentage of cut pyrenes was significantly higher than the germination of isolated embryos (34%). Thus, the cut pyrenes culture is a simpler and more effective technique than embryo rescue. Easily, on average, a trained operator is able to culture ≈1000 cut pyrenes per day instead of ≈100 isolated embryos.

scholarly journals DETECTION AND IN-VITRO MANAGEMENT OF SEED BORNE MYCOFLORA ASSOCIATED WITH SUNFLOWER AND ZINNIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 07
Author(s):  
Gulshan Irshad ◽  
Hira Gazal ◽  
Farah Naz ◽  
Imran Hassan ◽  
Amir Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Blotter Paper ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

The present study was conducted to detect seed borne mycoflora associated with seven cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and five cultivars of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans L.) by using Agar and Blotter paper methods. A total 12 genera of fungi were detected including; Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Stemphylium helianthi, Penicillium sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Mucor sp., Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium solani, Rhizocotonia solani and Rhizopus sp. The detected fungi depleted germination  10-30%, 10-20% and seedling mortality 10-17%, 10-12%. in sunflower and Zinnia respectively. A comparative study was designed to evaluate three  fungicides to control  seed mycoflora at the rate of of 1.5g/kg, 2.0g/kg, 2.5g/kg, 3.0g/kg, Maximum germination percentage was attained in case of seed dressing with Topsin M-70  followed by Bayton and Dithane M-45 at the rate of 3.0g/kg. 

scholarly journals Self-pollination of the orchid Cycnoches haagii from Brazilian Cerrado results in albino phenotype seedlings

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Vespasiano Borges de Paiva Neto ◽  
Mateus de Aguiar Torrezan ◽  
Manoela Aparecida Vieira da Silva ◽  
Daly Roxana Castro Padilha ◽  
Jerônimo Constantino Borel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Conservation Programs ◽  
Pigment Analysis ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Albino Phenotype ◽  
Viable Seeds

Abstract Cycnoches haagii Barb. Rodr. is an epiphytic orchid very targeted by collectors, but no reference was found in the literature about its reproductive biology. Thus, the purpose of this study was to obtain initial information regarding pollination types and its influence on seed viability of this native orchid of the Brazilian Cerrado, in order to enable future propagation and preservation programs. Pollination among flowers of the same plant (geitonogamy) or different plants (xenogamy) were carried out. Seeds extracted from the capsules were sown in B&G medium, with full and half strength. Seeds from geitonogamic resulted in 25% of albino protocorms and consequently in albino seedlings. This phenomenon did not occur in seedlings derived from xenogamic pollination. Pigment analysis showed that even the albino seedlings presented chlorophylls and carotenoids, however, in significantly minor concentrations, 16% and 37% respectively, in relation to green seedlings. Geitonogamic and xenogamic pollinations resulted in C. haagii viable seeds with high germination percentage (90%) under in vitro conditions. The germination of seeds from xenogamic pollination resulted in chlorophyll or normal seedlings only, and can be recommended at conservation programs. On the other hand, although geitonogamic pollination should be avoided at conservation programs of this orchid species as it leads to albino seedlings, it showed a very interesting system to obtain seedlings with this phenotype, an interesting plant material to future investigation.

scholarly journals Methodology of the tetrazolium test for identifying viable seeds of orchids of the genus Cattleya native to the Brazilian Cerrado

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 1351-1360
Author(s):  
Luan Marlon Ribeiro ◽  
◽  
José Carlos Sorgato ◽  
Jackeline Schultz Soares ◽  
Jéssica Celeste Mônico Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Conditioning Temperature ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Orchids need measures for conservation of their species, among them the creation of seed banks. This study analyzes suitable methodologies to identify the viability of Cattleya seeds through the tetrazolium test. Seeds of Cattleya nobilior Rchb. and Cattleya walkeriana Gardn. were submitted to three preconditioning: no soaking (control); sucrose (10%); or distilled water. After 24 hours, they were submitted to tetrazolium solution with three types of conditioning: oven (40 °C); water bath (40 °C); or room temperature. Subsequently, the percentage of viable seeds (VS) was calculated and in vitro sowing was carried out. Germination percentage (G) was determined after 45 days. A completely randomized design was used for each species studied, with treatments arranged in a 3x3 factorial scheme (three preconditioning and three conditioning), with eight replicates of one tube each. The experiment was performed in duplicate. The highest viability values found in the tetrazolium test were close to those of germination (C. nobilior: VS = 88% e G = 97%; C. walkeriana: VS = 88% e G = 95%) for Cattleya species native to the Cerrado. The conditioning at ambient temperature had a greater effect on seed visualization for both species studied, suggesting that the tetrazolium test should be performed at this conditioning temperature.

scholarly journals Biometry of fruit, germination and morphogenesis in vitro of citrus after asepsis of seeds in different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
D. Santos ◽  
W. J. Pereira ◽  
D. S. Miranda ◽  
J. L. C. Souza ◽  
L. A. Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Morphogenesis In Vitro ◽  
Morphological Processes

In tissue culture it is necessary to use seeds of good quality and free of pathogens in order to avoid damages in the work to be carried out in the laboratory. Therefore, strict cleaning of the seeds intended for in vitro cultivation is essential. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate fruit biometry, germination and morphogenesis of 'Cravo' (Citrus limonia Osbeck) and Persia Lima (Citrus aurantium) seeds in vitro submitted to different concentrations of NaClO for asepsis. Fruits of 'Cravo' lemon and Lima of Persia. Subsequently, they were transported to the Biotechnology Laboratory of the Goiano Federal Institute Campus Urutaí-GO, where they performed the biometric characterization of the fruits. The seeds of these fruits were submitted to treatment with sodium hypochlorite solution in different concentrations: 0,0; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 and 2.5% for 10 minutes, constituting then five treatments for each variety and placed in an acclimatized growth room to analyze the results. The variables evaluated were: biometry of fruits and seedlings; oxidation indexes; germination; contamination; and types of contamination. NaClO doses were compared from 95% confidence intervals. The analyzes were performed using the glm () function of software R version 3.4.1. It was verified that the aseptic treatment with NaClO for lime and lemon was promising for the morphological processes of germination and development of seedlings, as well as for the control of contaminating agents in vitro.

scholarly journals In vitro cultivation of Tamarindus indica L.: explants obtention and contamination in culture medium

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-302
Author(s):  
Antonio Flávio Arruda Ferreira ◽  
Laís Naiara Honorato Monteiro ◽  
Maria Gabriela Fontanetti Rodrigues ◽  
Natália Batista Oliveira ◽  
Aparecida Conceição Boliani
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Sexual Propagation

The tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica L.) is a common tree in tropical countries with a great exploitation potential due to its high nutritional value and important pharmaceutical characteristics, justifying its potential as a promising crop. The scarcity of scientific studies of the species, especially on propagation, hinders its availability and, consequently, the supply of the product in the market. The aim of this study was to verify the obtainment of nodal segments via sexual propagation and the in vitro establishment of sweet tamarind in MS culture medium (25, 50, 75 and 100% of salts) and with or without activated charcoal (2 g.L-1). The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme (presence and absence of activated carbon x salt concentrations), with 25 replicates, each replicate consisting of a test tube with an inoculated explant. According to the results, it is possible to conclude that from seedlings with 45 days after sowing, nodal segments of sweet tamarind are obtained for in vitro establishment. As a precursor of protocol for in vitro formation of healthy seedlings is indicated the use of MS culture medium with 75 % of the salts and added with 2 gL-1 of activated charcoal to reduce the contamination index.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF LIGHT QUALITY IN THE in vitro CULTIVATION OF Cattleya crispata

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-588
Author(s):  
Denys Matheus Santana Costa Souza ◽  
Sergio Bruno Fernandes ◽  
Letícia Vaz Molinari ◽  
Maria Lopes Martins Avelar ◽  
Douglas Santos Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
White Leds ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Red Leds

ABSTRACT: Micropropagation technique is a valuable alternative for high quality genetic preservation of endemic species such as the orchid Cattleya crispata from “Campo Rupestre Ferruginoso”. This study aims to evaluate the influence of light quality on in vitro multiplication and elongation phases, offering new insights on the limiting factors of C. crispata. Seeds extracted from capsules were used for inoculation in the culture medium. Four light sources were evaluated for in vitro culture, namely: fluorescent lamp, white LEDs, red LEDs and red/blue LEDs. Data about the number of shoots, shoot length, shooting vigor and pigment content were assessed at 90 days of in vitro culture. Based on the recorded results, white LEDs are the most suitable ones for in vitro multiplication and elongation phases of C. crispata. It offers higher quality for seedling production and increases the chances of genetic conservation of the species. Keywords: ‘Campo Rupestre Ferruginoso’; in vitro propagation; wavelength; LEDs.

scholarly journals Sinningia allagophylla(Gesneriaceae): in vitro cultivation of a native plant of the Brazilian cerrado

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
VILMA PALAZETTI DE ALMEIDA ◽  
SIMONE LILIANE KIRSZENZAFT SHEPHERD
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado

scholarly journals Propagação in vitro de cultivares de alpinia em diferentes fontes de luz

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro ◽  
Denise Schmidt ◽  
Maria Inês Diel ◽  
Jullie Dos Santos ◽  
Leonardo Antonio Thiesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
White Led ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Red Ginger ◽  
Alpinia Purpurata

The light source in tissue culture is often one of the punctual factors for the adequacy of plant production. For this, light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used in order to increase the growth and development of the plants propagated in vitro. The objective was to evaluate the in vitro propagation of cultivars of Alpinia purpurata ‘Red Ginger’ and ‘Pink Ginger’ in two different light sources (fluorescent or LEDs tubes). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, factorial scheme (2x2), totaling four treatments with ten replicates, and the experimental unit composed of one flask containing five explants. After 55 days, white LED and the ‘Red Ginger’ provided the highest number of shoots. For the number of leaves, the cultivar ‘Red Ginger’ and white LED lamps provided superior results. For shoot length (cm), the cultivar ‘Red Ginger’ kept under fluorescent lamps was superior, and ‘Pink Ginger’ presented superiority when cultivated under LED lights. Thus, even with differentiated responses among genotypes, the use of white LED lamps in the in vitro propagation of Alpinia purpurata ‘Red Ginger’ and ‘Pink Ginger’ cultivars is suggested.

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