scholarly journals Biopolitics and Pain: Approximations between Foucault and Lacanian Psychoanalysis

Psico-USF ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Carla Oliveira Fernandes ◽  
Cláudio Melo ◽  
Vera Lopes Besset ◽  
Pedro Paulo Bicalho

Abstract The technological and scientific advances have brought, in the context of public health policies, a relentless pursuit of the notion of well-being and the elimination of pain, a feeling which was not always conceived as an evil to be eradicated. Foucault, through the concept of biopolitics, indicated that actions from the medical domain were incorporated by the State in order to control the bodies, with the support of medicalization. Starting from a psychoanalytic approach - in which it is assumed that pain can fulfill a role for man as a speaking animal - we conclude that in cases of chronic pain, it is critical, before curing it, to understand its purpose and to seek singular solutions.

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Vilarinho ◽  
A Amorim ◽  
C Fé ◽  
O Cardoso

Abstract Aim Report of the ascending, collective and participative process of construction of the Strategic Action Plan of the State Secretariat of Health of Piauí for the period from 2020 to 2023 and its compatibility with the Planning and Management Instrument of the State of Piauí - PPA (Plano Pluri Yearly). Action developed for the Institutional Development Program of SUS. We sought consistency and compatibility for health needs and Government priorities, implementing public health policies, technical, operational and financial feasibility and feasibility, impact and improvement in living conditions and health of the population, reducing inequalities, expanding the access to inclusive health policies, increase in citizen's life expectancy and life expectancy at birth. Methods Workshops, with technical staff from the Health Secretariat and the State Planning Secretariat, using the Situational Strategic Planning-PES, in addition to the Balanced Scorecard, and the SWOT Matrix. The SESAPI Strategic Map was previously built, with priorities for the identification of plans and results oriented to the goals. Results The SWOT Matrix focused on analyzing the environment or scenarios, internal and external, with strategies to maintain strengths, reduce the intensity of weaknesses, use opportunities and protect against threats. The technical health priorities were legitimized and made compatible with the State Planning Secretariat, in Workshops with Social Representations of the 12 Regional Development Territories of the State. Conclusions The prioritized strategic actions embodied the definition of Budgetary Actions for the health area that conform to the LOA- Annual Budget Law, linking the estimated amounts to a set of indicators and desired and possible results to be achieved in the established period. The entire process was technically monitored and submitted to analysis and approval by the Social Control bodies in compliance with the provisions of the legislation in force. Key messages The prioritized strategic actions embodied the definition of Budgetary Actions for the health area and linked the estimated amounts to a set of indicators. All production has generated the formation of a government staff with managerial capacity to strategic planning and evaluation as part of training teams trained by the government.


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  

Abstract Adolescents (10-19) are usually thought of as rather healthy and as low users of health care compared with other age groups. Nevertheless, adolescence is a crucial and challenging transitional journey towards adult life, a time when protective health behaviours and the value of a healthy lifestyle can be adopted, or not, depending on complex interactions between determinants and individual factors. Integration of young people’s health in all policies and research agendas is crucial, beyond the health sector, and keeping in mind the needs to reduce health inequalities and to ensure equitable access to services, in a broad Public health perspective. However, Public health policies targeting young people cannot be fully relevant and efficient if they do not rely on quality data collected among young people, on their health and their health behaviours. Under the auspices of WHO, the Health behaviour in School-aged children (HBSC) survey collects data among 11-13 and 15 years-old students since 1982, in a growing number of mostly European countries, every 4 years, through anonymous self-completed questionnaires filled in in class, using shared validated instruments and methods. Our workshop aims at showing how data collected among adolescents, by improving our understanding of their health and health behaviours as well as their determinants and settings, can be used to inform and improve policies at national level. HBSC will be used as an exemple, because of its longevity, breadth, expertise, reputation and uniqueness in the field of adolescent health. Five contrasted experiences will be presented, illustrating the relevance of linking scientific evidence and policy relevance in a Public health perspective. They have been chosen to offer various perspectives in terms of countries (Ireland, Luxembourg, Israel, UK), topics (well-being, suicide, substance-use, school-health), and levels of links between research and policy. All presenters are skilled researchers, have a longstanding experience of conducting the HBSC survey and they share a strong interest in linking with policy makers in advocating the improvement of the health and well-being of the adolescents in their country. Because they all work on the same population (adolescents), and mainly work on the same survey (HBSC), the presentations and debates will start from a common ground, saving space and time to really illustrate how health behaviour data can inform Public health policies. The presenters should give contrasted perspectives, without denying their failures and difficulties, to engage with the audience for a wider discussion, towards a better partnership between research and policy. Key messages There are national examples that illustrate that research on adolescents’ health behaviour can inform Public health policy targeted at this specific population and improve its health and well-being. Networking and exchanging on failures and success through case studies can provide perspectives to other teams and countries on how to better build the link between researchers and policy makers.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e4597
Author(s):  
Heverton Valentim Colaço Da Silva ◽  
Almerinda Agrelli ◽  
Ana Sofia Lima Estevão De Oliveira ◽  
Ronald Rodrigues De Moura ◽  
Sergio Crovella ◽  
...  

Objective: The purpose of this review was to discuss the effectiveness of public health policies in controlling Zika virus (ZIKV) in Brazil from 2015 to 2019 with an emphasis in the state of Pernambuco. Literature Review: Zika virus is an arbovirus primarily transmitted to humans by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Since 2015, the control of Aedes aegypti proliferation and diffusion has been a global subject of discussion due to its role in ZIKV transmission and the emergence of serious clinical symptoms resulting from this infection. In Brazil, the public policies established to control ZIKV outbreak were mostly based on vector control. Final Considerations: The coping model to manage the transmission vector of ZIKV is not showing to be effective.  Furthermore, until the social factors that favor the development and maintenance of mosquito breeding sites are eradicated, Brazil will continue to be susceptible to new outbreaks of mosquito-driven arboviruses. Here, we discussed the effectiveness of public health policies for the control of ZIKV in Brazil from 2015 to 2019, with a primary focus on the state of Pernambuco (PE).


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  

Abstract Adolescence is a crucial and challenging transition between childhood and adulthood with its own specificities. A time when protective health behaviours and healthy lifestyles can be valued and adopted, or criticized and rejected, depending on complex interactions between contextual and individual factors. Even if overall adolescence can be seen as the period where individuals are the healthiest and the lowest users of health care. However, integration of young people's health in all policies and research agendas should remain of upmost importance, with a strong emphasis given to reducing social and health inequalities and inequities, in a broad public health perspective. In any case, public health policies targeting young people cannot be fully relevant and efficient if they do not rely on quality data collected among them, taking their voices into account as much as possible. Contrasted national examples will be shared to illustrate the benefits of linking scientific evidence to stakeholders’ expectations, policy relevance, in a public health perspective. Since 1982 the Health behaviour in School-aged children (HBSC) survey collects data among 11, 13- and 15-year-old students, in a growing number of mostly European countries (50 in 2020), under the auspices of WHO. Every 4 years, through anonymous self-completed questionnaires filled in in class, using shared validated instruments and methods, new data is collected. This workshop aims at sharing contrasted national case studies (different countries -Ireland, France, Portugal, Poland, Lebanon- & different perspectives and topics: nutrition, tobacco-use, child participation, partnership) illustrating how data, collected among school-children can be used to inform and improve policies targeted at adolescents in the field of health, health behaviours well-being and their determinants, in partnership with different bodies and stakeholders. All presentations will rely on data collected through the HBSC survey, whose longevity, scope, expertise & reputation are unique in the field of adolescent health. Presenters belong to teams that have a longstanding experience of research on adolescents and in conducting the HBSC survey and share a strong interest in promoting the improvement of the health and well-being of the adolescents in their country, through interacting with various stakeholders including young people, teachers, principals, parents and policy makers. The presentations and debates will start from a common ground (HBSC), allowing for more time to be devoted on how to maximize the impact of research on Public health policies and the involvement of stakeholders in data valorization. Key messages Research findings on adolescents’ health and health behaviour can be shared with and used by stakeholders and be an asset for public health policies targeting young people. National case studies different in scopes & ambitions but relying on the same international project can be used to debate with other teams & countries around improving links between research & policy.


2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 430-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Mendes-da-Silva ◽  
Luciana Massaro Onusic ◽  
Jill M. Norvilitis ◽  
Gilnei L. Moura

Literature shows that there are significant associations between health and happiness. Various countries are considering, contemplating or formally incorporating the happiness variable into their public health policies. Moreover, the private sector has shown interest in the topic. Based on that This article examines the biases in the perception of satisfaction with life among young adults in two Brazilian cities. The study explores the associations between aspects of life and perception of happiness because public policies associated with happiness require an improved understanding of the subjectivity of the sense of well-being. A survey conducted among 368 college students enabled analysis through Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and linear regression. The results suggest that, although there were no significant differences in general satisfaction with life between the two cities, there were indications of focusing illusion in the perception of happiness caused by expectations arising from the feeling of personal insecurity in a metropolis.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Carolina Rocha Silva ◽  
Lyanne Polyanne Fernandes Araújo Chaves ◽  
Elba Pereira Chaves

Data on births are important, both for demographic and health aspects since they allow the construction of several indicators, such as birth and fecundity rates, and the analysis of the health situation (IBGE, 2009). This way aimed to characterize the live birth numbers in the 217 municipalities in the state of Maranhão through search of secondary data in the public domain, available in Live Births Information System - SINASC, the Ministry of Health for the number of live births in the 217 municipalities of Maranhão state, in the years 2000, 2010 and 2014. From the analysis of the data can be observed that a number of live births in Maranhão is more pronounced in the central Maranhão mesoregion and in some points of the western, eastern and northern mesoregions of the State of Maranhão, with a mean between 101 and 600 births per year. There was a significant variation between the years 2010 and 2000 when comparing births by a period. The data on live births are needed for directing public health policies that come to contribute to social improvement.Key words: birth, Maranhense, population.


2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence O. Gostin

The late Jonathan Mann famously theorized that public health, ethics, and human rights are complementary fields motivated by the paramount value of human well-being. He felt that people could not be healthy if governments did not respect their rights and dignity as well as engage in health policies guided by sound ethical values. Nor could people have their rights and dignity if they were not healthy. Mann and his colleagues argued that public health and human rights are integrally connected: Human rights violations adversely affect the community's health, coercive public health policies violate human rights, and advancement of human rights and public health reinforce one another. Despite the deep traditions in public health, ethics, and human rights, they have rarely cross-fertilized—although there exists an important emerging literature. For the most part, each of these fields has adopted its own terminology and forms of reasoning. Consequently, Mann advocated the creation of a code of public health ethics and the adoption of a vocabulary or taxonomy of “dignity violation”.


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