scholarly journals Resting energy expenditure adaptation after short-term caloric restriction in morbidly obese women

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andresa Toledo TRIFFONI-MELO ◽  
Vivian Marques Miguel SUEN ◽  
Cristina Maria Mendes RESENDE ◽  
Camila Bitu Moreno BRAGA ◽  
Rosa Wanda DIEZ-GARCIA
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Resting Energy

Objective:The objective of this study was to describe changes in the resting energy expenditure, substrate oxidation rate, and body composition in morbidly obese women subjected to short-term caloric restriction. Methods:This was a prospective study that included ten obese women with body mass index greater than 40 kg/m2 and aged between 20-50 years. The participants were hospitalized for eight days and received a controlled conventional low-calorie diet, 1200 kcal/day, for seven days. Body weight, body mass index, abdominal circumference, body composition, resting energy expenditure, and substrate oxidation rate were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the study. Results:A significant reduction in body weight (p=0.005), body mass index (p=0.005), abdominal circumference (p=0.005), fat mass (p=0.005) and fat-free mass (p=0.008) was observed at the end of the study. There was an average reduction in resting energy expenditure of approximately 124 kcal/day (5%). Substrate oxidation rate did not show statistically significant changes. There was a positive correlation only between body weight reduction and fat-free mass reduction (r=0.753; p=0.012). Conclusion:There was an adaptive response of the resting energy expenditure with short-term energy restriction in morbidly obese women with a 5% reduction in resting energy expenditure and a positive correlation between weight loss and the fat-free mass, which indicates the influence of fat-free mass on the decrease in resting energy expenditure. Therefore, short-term caloric restriction in morbidly obese women led to a decrease in resting energy expenditure and fat-free mass, which suggests a rapid adaptation of energy expenditure.

scholarly journals Effect of green tea on resting energy expenditure and substrate oxidation during weight loss in overweight females

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristel Diepvens ◽  
Eva M. R. Kovacs ◽  
Ilse M. T. Nijs ◽  
Neeltje Vogels ◽  
Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Resting Energy

We assessed the effect of ingestion of green tea (GT) extract along with a low-energy diet (LED) on resting energy expenditure (REE), substrate oxidation and body weight as GT has been shown to increase energy expenditure and fat oxidation in the short term in both animals and people. Forty-six overweight women (BMI 27·6 (sd 1·8) kg/m2) were fed in energy balance from day 1 to day 3, followed by a LED with GT (1125 mg tea catechins +225 mg caffeine/d) or placebo (PLAC) from day 4 to day 87. Caffeine intake was standardised to 300 mg/d. Energy expenditure was measured on days 4 and 32. Reductions in weight (4·19 (sd 2·0) kg PLAC, 4·21 (sd 2·7) kg GT), BMI, waist:hip ratio, fat mass and fat-free mass were not statistically different between treatments. REE as a function of fat-free mass and fat mass was significantly reduced over 32 d in the PLAC group (P<0·05) but not in the GT group. Dietary restraint increased over time (P<0·001) in both groups, whereas disinhibition and general hunger decreased (P<0·05). The GT group became more hungry over time and less thirsty, and showed increased prospective food consumption compared with PLAC (P<0·05). Taken together, the ingestion of GT along with a LED had no additional benefit for any measures of body weight or body composition. Although the decrease in REE as a function of fat-free mass and fat mass was not significant with GT treatment, whereas it was with PLAC treatment, no significant effect of treatment over time was seen, suggesting that a robust limitation of REE reduction during a LED was not achieved by GT.

Resting Energy Expenditure in Obese Women with Primary Hypothyroidism and Appropriate Levothyroxine Replacement Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. e1741-e1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Muraca ◽  
Stefano Ciardullo ◽  
Alice Oltolini ◽  
Francesca Zerbini ◽  
Eleonora Bianconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Resting Energy

Abstract Context Growing evidence suggests that appropriate levothyroxine (LT4) replacement therapy may not correct the full set of metabolic defects afflicting individuals with hypothyroidism. Objective To assess whether obese subjects with primary hypothyroidism are characterized by alterations of the resting energy expenditure (REE). Design Retrospective analysis of a set of data about obese women attending the outpatients service of a single obesity center from January 2013 to July 2019. Patients A total of 649 nondiabetic women with body mass index (BMI) &gt; 30 kg/m2 and thyrotropin (TSH) level 0.4–4.0 mU/L were segregated into 2 groups: patients with primary hypothyroidism taking LT4 therapy (n = 85) and patients with normal thyroid function (n = 564). Main outcomes REE and body composition assessed using indirect calorimetry and bioimpedance. Results REE was reduced in women with hypothyroidism in LT4 therapy when compared with controls (28.59 ± 3.26 vs 29.91 ± 3.59 kcal/kg fat-free mass (FFM)/day), including when adjusted for age, BMI, body composition, and level of physical activity (P = 0.008). This metabolic difference was attenuated only when adjustment for homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was performed. Conclusions This study demonstrated that obese hypothyroid women in LT4 therapy, with normal serum TSH level compared with euthyroid controls, are characterized by reduced REE, in line with the hypothesis that standard LT4 replacement therapy may not fully correct metabolic alterations related to hypothyroidism. We are not able to exclude that this feature may be influenced by the modulation of insulin sensitivity at the liver site, induced by LT4 oral administration.

scholarly journals Resting energy expenditure in obese women: comparison between measured and estimated values

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 1306-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Fadanelli Schoenardie Poli ◽  
Ricardo Badan Sanches ◽  
Amanda dos Santos Moraes ◽  
João Pedro Novo Fidalgo ◽  
Maythe Amaral Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Interdisciplinary Therapy ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Predictive Equations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Resting Energy

AbstractAssessing energy requirements is a fundamental activity in clinical dietetic practice. The aim of this study was to investigate which resting energy expenditure (REE) predictive equations are the best alternatives to indirect calorimetry before and after an interdisciplinary therapy in Brazilian obese women. In all, twelve equations based on weight, height, sex, age, fat-free mass and fat mass were tested. REE was measured by indirect calorimetry. The interdisciplinary therapy consisted of nutritional, physical exercise, psychological and physiotherapy support during the course of 1 year. The average differences between measured and predicted REE, as well as the accuracy at the ±10 % level, were evaluated. Statistical analysis included paired t tests, intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots. Validation was based on forty obese women (BMI 30–39·9 kg/m2). Our major findings demonstrated a wide variation in the accuracy of REE predictive equations before and after weight loss in non-morbid, obese women. The equations reported by Harris–Benedict and FAO/WHO/United Nations University (UNU) were the only ones that did not show significant differences compared with indirect calorimetry and presented a bias <5 %. The Harris–Benedict equation provided 40 and 47·5 % accurate predictions before and after therapy, respectively. The FAO equation provided 35 and 47·5 % accurate predictions. However, the Bland–Altman analysis did not show good agreement between these equations and indirect calorimetry. Therefore, the Harris–Benedict and FAO/WHO/UNU equations should be used with caution for obese women. The need to critically re-assess REE data and generate regional and more homogeneous REE databases for the target population is reinforced.

Hypometabolizers: Characteristics of Obese Patients with Abnormally Low Resting Energy Expenditure

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Rosales-Velderrain ◽  
Ross F. Goldberg ◽  
Gretchen E. Ames ◽  
Ronald L. Stone ◽  
Scott A. Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Resting Energy

Weight gain or loss is determined by the difference between calorie intake and energy expenditure. The Mifflin metabolic equation most accurately predicts resting energy expenditure (REE) in morbidly obese patients. Hypometabolizers have a measured REE that is much less than predicted and pose the greatest challenge for weight loss induced by restriction of calorie intake. We studied 628 morbidly obese patients (467 female and 161 men, aged 52.5 ± 15.7 years, body mass index [BMI] of 42.6 ± 7.6 m/kg2 [mean ± SD]). REE was measured using the MedGem® device (REEm) and the percentage variance (δREE%) from the Mifflin-predicted expenditure (REEp) was calculated. Patients with δREE% more than 1 standard deviation from the mean were defined as hypometabolizers (REEm greater than 27% below REEp) and hypermetabolizers (REEm less than 13% above REEp), respectively. Hypometabolizers had greater REEp (1900 ± 301 vs 1719 ± 346 calories, P = 0.005) and lower REEm (1244 ± 278 vs 2161 ± 438 calories, P < 0.0001) than hypermetabolizers. Hypometabolizers, when compared with hypermetabolizers, were taller (167.2 ± 8.4 vs 164.0 ± 10.9 cm, P = 0.04), heavier (123.6 ± 22.2 vs 110.2 ± 23.1 kg, P = 0.006), and had increased BMI (44.1 ± 6.5 vs 40.8 ± 6.5 kg/m2, P = 0.04). Other measured anthropometrics were not different between hypo- and hypermetabolizers. Hypometabolizers were less likely to be diabetic (23 vs 43%, P = 0.03) and more likely to be black (25 vs 5%, P = 0.002) than hypermetabolizers. This study defines hypometabolizers as having variance in REEm more than 27 per cent below that predicted by the Mifflin equation. We could not identify any distinguishing phenotypic characteristics of hypometabolizers, suggesting an influence unrelated to body composition.

Novel Equations to Estimate Resting Energy Expenditure during Sitting and Sleeping

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Akiko Uchizawa ◽  
Masanobu Hibi ◽  
Hiroyuki Sagayama ◽  
Simeng Zhang ◽  
Haruka Osumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Metabolic Chamber ◽  
Resting Energy

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Young and early middle-aged office workers spend most of the day sitting or sleeping. Few studies have used a metabolic chamber to report sitting resting energy expenditure (REE) or sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) estimation equations. This study aimed to develop novel equations for estimating sitting REE and SMR, and previously published equations for SMR were compared against measured values. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The relationships among sitting REE, SMR, and body composition measured in clinical trials were analyzed. The body composition (fat-free mass [FFM] and fat mass) and energy metabolism of 85 healthy young and early middle-aged Japanese individuals were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and a metabolic chamber, respectively. Novel estimate equations were developed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Estimates of SMR using a new equation and 2 published equations were compared against measured SMR. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The sitting mREE and mSMR were highly correlated (<i>r</i> = 0.756, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01). The new FFM-based estimate accounted for 50.4% of the variance in measured sitting REE (mREE) and 82.3% of the variance in measured SMR (mSMR). The new body weight-based estimate accounted for 49.3% of the variance in sitting mREE and 82.2% of the variance in mSMR. Compared with mSMR, the SMR estimate using an FFM-based published equation was slightly underestimated. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These novel body weight- and FFM-based equations may help estimate sitting REE and SMR in young and early middle-aged adults. Previous SMR estimated FFM-based equations were slightly underestimated against measured SMR; however, we confirmed the previous SMR estimate equations could be useful. This finding suggests that sitting REE and SMR can be easily estimated from individual characteristics and applied in clinical settings.

Influences on Adrenaline-Induced Thermogenesis in Obese Women and Relationship to Cardiovascular Responses

1998 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Walsh ◽  
Calam Adams ◽  
Annemarie Sinclair ◽  
Eddie Leen ◽  
Michael E. J. Lean
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Resting Energy

1. In order to evaluate factors influencing thermogenesis in obesity, energy expenditure was measured before and during an adrenaline infusion (25 ng min−1 kg−1 ideal body weight for 30 min) in 22 obese females. 2. Thermogenic responses were related to body morphology, age and biochemistry. In addition, thermogenic responses were related to cardiovascular responses by simultaneously measuring blood pressure, pulse rate and cardiac output using Doppler sonography. 3. Resting energy expenditure was predicted by body weight, lean body mass and fat mass. 4. Adrenaline-induced thermogenesis was predicted by fasting insulin, low basal respiratory quotient and body fat. 5. There was a significant relationship between the cardiac output and thermogenic responses to adrenaline (r = 0.63 P < 0.015) but there was no relationship to the heart rate or blood pressure responses. For every 1% increase in energy expenditure, there was a 5% increase in cardiac output. 6. In conclusion, the factors predicting resting energy expenditure and adrenaline-induced thermogenesis are different. Increased lipid oxidation and central fat distribution (with hyperinsulinaemia) are associated with a greater thermogenic response. The proportionately greater cardiac output responses may have implications for thermogenic agents designed to induce weight loss.

scholarly journals A Prediction Equation to Assess Resting Energy Expenditure in Japanese Patients with COPD

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3455
Author(s):  
Keisuke Morikawa ◽  
Kazuyuki Tabira ◽  
Hiroyuki Takemura ◽  
Shogo Inaba ◽  
Haruka Kusuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Resting Energy

Background: Medical nutrition therapy is important in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Determination of resting energy expenditure is essential to define therapeutic goals for medical nutrition. Previous studies proposed the use of equations to predict resting energy expenditure. No prediction equation is currently available for the Japanese population. The objective of this study was to develop an equation to predict resting energy expenditure in Japanese chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. To this end, we investigated clinical variables that correlate with the resting energy expenditure. Methods: This study included 102 COPD patients admitted at the Matsusaka Municipal Hospital Respiratory Center. We measured resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry and explored the relationship of resting energy expenditure with clinical variables by univariate and stepwise linear regression analysis. Results: The resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry was significantly correlated with fat-free mass, body weight, body mass index, height, gender, and pulmonary function test by univariate analysis. In the stepwise linear regression analysis, the fat-free mass, body weight, and age remained significantly correlated with indirect calorimetry’s resting energy expenditure. The fat-free mass, body weight, and age explained 50.5% of the resting energy expenditure variation. Conclusion: Fat-free mass, body weight, and age were significantly correlated with resting energy expenditure by stepwise linear regression analysis, and they were used to define a predictive equation for Japanese COPD patients.

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