scholarly journals Association between variation in the genes DDAH1 and DDAH2 and hypertension among Uygur, Kazakh and Han ethnic groups in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Wang ◽  
Shaoze Chen ◽  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Guilin Lu ◽  
Chengming Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Recessive Model ◽  
Dominant Model ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Control Study

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase enzymes (DDAH), which are encoded by the genes DDAH1 and DDAH2, play a fundamental role in maintaining endothelial function. We conducted a case-control study on a Chinese population that included three ethnic groups (Han, Kazakh and Uygur), to systemically investigate associations between variations in the genes DDAH1 and DDAH2 and hypertension. DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental study at the Department of Internal Medicine and Genetic Diagnosis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. METHODS: This case-control study included 1,224 patients with hypertension and 967 healthy unrelated individuals as controls. DDAH1 -396 4N (GCGT) del>ins, rs3087894, rs805304 and rs9267551 were genotyped using the TaqMan 5' nuclease assay. RESULTS: The G/C genotype of rs3087894 in DDAH1 was a risk factor for hypertension in the Kazakh group in the co-dominant model (G/C versus G/G) (OR 1.39; 95% CI: 1.02-1.88; P < 0.05), with the same result in the dominant model (G/C + C/C versus G/G) (OR 1.38; 95% CI: 1.03-1.84; P < 0.05). In contrast, the C/C genotype of rs3087894 seemed to be a protective factor against hypertension in the Uygur group in the recessive model (C/C versus G/G + G/C) (OR 0.62; 95% CI: 0.39- 0.97; P < 0.05). Similar findings for rs3087894 were also observed after adjusting the variable for the age covariate. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that the C-allele of rs3087894 in DDAH1 was a risk factor for hypertension in the Kazakh group but a protective factor in the Uygur group.

Risk factors for sporadic infection withSalmonellaInfantis: a matched case-control study

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 820-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BASSAL ◽  
A. REISFELD ◽  
I. NISSAN ◽  
V. AGMON ◽  
D. TARAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYThis matched case-control study investigated the risk factors for sporadicSalmonellaInfantis infection in 263 affected children and 263 age-, gender- and neighbourhood-matched controls. Information about exposure to potential risk factors was obtained via telephone interview and evaluated by conditional logistic regression analysis. Age groups ⩽1 year (n = 77) and >1 year (n = 186) were analysed separately. Of those aged ⩽1 year, breastfeeding was a significant protective factor against infection [matched odds ratio (mOR) 0·24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·10–0·59,P < 0·01]. In the older group, consumption of eggs (mOR 1·87, 95% CI 1·00–3·49,P = 0·05) was a significant risk factor and thawing chicken in water (mOR 2·55, 95% CI 0·94–6·91,P = 0·07) was borderline risk factor, while consumption of carrots (mOR 0·46, 95% CI 0·26–0·83,P < 0·01), drinking tap water (mOR 0·44, 95% CI 0·22–0·85,P = 0·02), religious lifestyle (mOR 0·40, 95% CI 0·21–0·74,P < 0·01) and having a high number of children in the household (mOR 0·72, 95% CI 0·58–0·88,P < 0·01) were significant protective factors. Consumers should avoid eating undercooked eggs and food handlers should be educated regarding proper handling and cooking of eggs. Breastfeeding should be strongly encouraged by public health authorities. The public must be educated on stringent hygiene practices, especially proper cooking of eggs to reduce infection rates.

Abstract 126: Importance of Untreated Hypertension for Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle B Walsh ◽  
Opeolu Adeoye ◽  
Padmini Sekar ◽  
Jennifer Osborne ◽  
Charles J Moomaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Insurance Status ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Untreated Hypertension ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Hypertension (HTN), particularly untreated HTN, has been found to be a significant risk factor for ICH in predominately white ICH populations. We evaluated the risk of treated and untreated HTN on ICH in a multi-ethnic case-control study. Hypothesis: Treated and untreated HTN confer variable risk for ICH by race/ethnicity. Methods: The Ethnic/Racial Variations of ICH (ERICH) study is a prospective, multicenter, case-control study of ICH among whites, blacks, and Hispanics. Cases were enrolled from 42 recruitment centers using hot-pursuit. Controls matched to cases 1:1 by age (±5 years), sex, race/ethnicity, and metropolitan area were recruited by random-digit dialing. Subjects were interviewed to determine whether they had a history of HTN and if they took medications to reduce blood pressure. Results: Between 9/2010 and 6/2015, 891 white, 833 black, and 599 Hispanic case/control pairs were enrolled. Higher proportions of black and Hispanic ICH with HTN were untreated, compared with whites (43.3% and 48.3% vs. 33.2%; p=.0002 and p<.0001, respectively). When adjusted for medical insurance status, a significant difference persisted for whites vs. Hispanics (p=.002), but not whites vs. blacks (p=.197). In multivariate analyses adjusted for alcohol use, anticoagulation, hypercholesterolemia, education, and insurance status, treated HTN was a significant risk factor for ICH in whites (OR=1.72, 95% CI 1.33-2.22, p<.0001), blacks (3.04, 2.13-4.34, <.0001), and Hispanics (2.57, 1.64-4.00, <.0001). Untreated HTN was a substantially greater risk factor for ICH for all three racial/ethnic groups: whites (9.53, 5.88-15.45, <.0001), blacks (11.10, 7.06-17.47, <.0001), Hispanics (9.65, 5.49-16.95, <.0001). In the subtype analyses of deep, lobar, and infratentorial ICH, untreated HTN resulted in ORs of 3.50 to 24.81, with statistical significance for all subtypes and ethnic groups. Conclusion: Treatment of HTN reduces the risk of ICH conferred by HTN markedly, but not completely. Untreated hypertension, which is significantly more prevalent among black and Hispanic ICH cases than among white cases, confers at least a 9-fold risk of ICH regardless of race. Treatment of hypertension is expected to have substantial impact on risk of ICH.

scholarly journals The association between TNP2 gene polymorphisms and Iranian infertile men with varicocele: A case-control study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehdi Heidari ◽  
Amirhossein Danafar ◽  
Fahime Moezzi ◽  
Mehri Khatami ◽  
Ali Reza Talebi
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Recessive Model ◽  
Dominant Model ◽  
Sperm Dna Damage ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Control Study

Background: Numerous researches have provided great evidence that revealed the relationship between varicocele and sperm DNA damage. Objective: Because of the crucial role of nuclear transition proteins (TPs) in sperm DNA condensation and integrity, this case-control study was designed to study TNP2 gene nucleotide variations in Iranian patients with varicocele. Materials and Methods: PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing were used to search for mutations in exons 1 & 2 of the TNP2 gene in 156 infertile patients with varicocele and 150 fertile men. Results: The results of sequencing showed three variants at positions c.301C > T (p.R101C), c.391C > T (p.R131 W), and g.IVS1-26G >C (rs8043625) of TNP2 gene. It was found that varicocele risk in men who have the CC genotype of g.IVS1-26G >C SNP is higher than those who don’t have these genotypes (according to Co-dominant model, Dominant model, Recessive model, and Over-dominant model). The haplotype-based analysis showed that (C/C/T) and (C/T/T) haplotypes were a risk factor of in patients with varicocele compared to controls (OR = 3.278, p = 0.000 and OR= 9.304, p = 0.038, respectively). Conclusion: Because of the significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies of g.IVS1-26G >C SNP in the intronic region of TNP2 in patients with varicocele compared with controls and also because of the high conservation of this SNP position during evolution, this SNP may be involved in some important processes associated with the expression of this gene like mRNA splicing, but the exact mechanism is not clear.

scholarly journals Lysyl oxidase family genes polymorphisms and risk of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A case control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Dong ◽  
Chun Luo ◽  
Bingyang Li ◽  
Chongyu Hu ◽  
Junyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Lysyl Oxidase ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Recessive Model ◽  
Dominant Model ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Introduction: aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a devastating disease caused by intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) family genes (LOX-like [LOXL] 1–4) have roles in collagen cross-linking in the extracellular matrix and may be associated with IA rupture. We aimed to explore the association between LOX polymorphisms and the risk of aSAH. Methods This case-control study included two cohorts: 133 and 115 single ruptured and unruptured IA patients, and 65 and 71 multiple ruptured and unruptured IAs patients, respectively. Genotyping of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LOX was performed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the SNPs of LOX and risk of aSAH. Results LOX rs180044 and LOXL4 rs3793692 were positively associated with the risk of single IA rupture in the recessive model (OR = 5.66, 2.06; 95% CI = 1.22–26.24, 1.11–3.82, respectively) and LOX rs10519694 demonstrated a protective effect on single IA rupture (dominant model: OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.21–0.83; recessive model: OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.04–0.65; additive model: OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.28–0.78). LOXL1 rs2165241, LOXL2 rs1063582, and LOXL3 rs17010021 demonstrated risk effects on multiple IAs rupture. LOXL3 rs17010022 showed a protective effect on multiple IAs rupture (dominant model: OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.21–0.82; additive model: OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.30–0.85). Discussion LOX and LOXL4 may be susceptible to single IA rupture, whereas LOXL1-3 may have a role in susceptibility to multiple IAs rupture in the Chinese population, suggesting LOX family genes may associated with aSAH.

scholarly journals Correlation of PID and multiparity: a case control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 897
Author(s):  
Shikha Pandey ◽  
Ramesh Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Design Case ◽  
Control Study

Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) has emerged as a silent killer that disturbs women's life. In the rural population of India, most women are usually not aware of symptoms of PID. They do not move for health care unless alarming symptoms develop. The objective of present study is to find out to find out correlation between PID & multiparity.Methods: The present study was conducted at Government Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar. Study design:  Case control, Participants: Females attending obstetrics & gynecology department OPD, Sample size: Total 150  cases & same number (150) of controls. Statistics: Chi – square test.Results: The odds ratio (OR) was 0.69 with 95% confidence interval (CI) being 0.42-1.09 for PID with multiparity as risk factor. Of 143 cases, multiparity was seen in 63 cases (44.05). In 150 controls, it was seen in 80 (53.33%). The variation was not statistically significant (p = 0.141). The Odds Ratio with in exepertise as a risk factor for PID was 2.41 with 95% CI being 1.78-3.27. Result shows etiological fraction of 58.5% (CI 43.9-69.4%) among inexpert hands. The delivery in untrained hands was significantly higher in cases (p 0.00001).Conclusions: This study does not show multiparity to be a risk factor but delivery conducted by untrained hands was as a risk factor. 

scholarly journals Perceived major experiences of discrimination, ethnic group, and risk of psychosis in a six-country case−control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Supriya Misra ◽  
Bizu Gelaye ◽  
David R. Williams ◽  
Karestan C. Koenen ◽  
Christina P.C. Borba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Excess Risk ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Minority Ethnic ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Perceived discrimination is associated with worse mental health. Few studies have assessed whether perceived discrimination (i) is associated with the risk of psychotic disorders and (ii) contributes to an increased risk among minority ethnic groups relative to the ethnic majority. Methods We used data from the European Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions Work Package 2, a population-based case−control study of incident psychotic disorders in 17 catchment sites across six countries. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the associations between perceived discrimination and psychosis using mixed-effects logistic regression models. We used stratified and mediation analyses to explore differences for minority ethnic groups. Results Reporting any perceived experience of major discrimination (e.g. unfair treatment by police, not getting hired) was higher in cases than controls (41.8% v. 34.2%). Pervasive experiences of discrimination (≥3 types) were also higher in cases than controls (11.3% v. 5.5%). In fully adjusted models, the odds of psychosis were 1.20 (95% CI 0.91–1.59) for any discrimination and 1.79 (95% CI 1.19–1.59) for pervasive discrimination compared with no discrimination. In stratified analyses, the magnitude of association for pervasive experiences of discrimination appeared stronger for minority ethnic groups (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.12–2.68) than the ethnic majority (OR = 1.42, 95% CI 0.65–3.10). In exploratory mediation analysis, pervasive discrimination minimally explained excess risk among minority ethnic groups (5.1%). Conclusions Pervasive experiences of discrimination are associated with slightly increased odds of psychotic disorders and may minimally help explain excess risk for minority ethnic groups.

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