Work accidents and self-esteem of nursing professional in hospital settings

Abstract Objective: to analyze the occurrence of work accidents and the self-esteem of nurses in hospitals of a municipality of Minas Gerais. Method: descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study developed with 393 nursing professionals from three hospitals of a municipality in southern Minas Gerais. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a questionnaire to characterize the population and work accidents were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using Person's chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, Cronbach's alpha, odds ratio and logistic regression. Results: of the professionals studied, 15% had suffered an accident at work and 70.2% presented high self-esteem. Through the analysis, it was observed that smoking, religious belief and an outstanding event in the career were significantly associated with work accidents. In relation to self-esteem, family income, length of time working in the profession and an outstanding event in the career presented significant associations. Conclusion: factors such as smoking, religious belief, family income, length of time working in the profession and an outstanding event in the career can cause professionals to have accidents and/or cause changes in self-esteem, which can compromise their physical and mental health and their quality of life and work.

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Prevalence of vaginal candidiasis and associated factors in pregnant women with diabetes

African Journal of Midwifery and Women s Health ◽

10.12968/ajmw.2020.0050 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Doreen Macherera Mukona ◽

Maxwell Mhlanga ◽

Mathilda Zvinavashe

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Family Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaginal Candidiasis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Monthly Family Income ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Diabetic Treatment ◽

Living Children ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Background/aims Vaginal candidiasis is commonly experienced by women with diabetes, but its prevalence is not well documented in Zimbabwe. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of vaginal candidiasis and factors associated with diabetic treatment adherence in pregnant women with diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on a consecutive sample of 157 participants from a central hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe. A structured questionnaire and physical examination of the perineum were used to collect data. All procedures were conducted in privacy. Diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis was made clinically. Data were analysed using the Chi-squared test, with P<0.05 being significant. Results The prevalence of vaginal candidiasis was 19.7%. There was a significant association between monthly family income (P=0.041), parity (P=0.029) and number of living children (P=0.049) and the presence of vaginal candidiasis. Women with poor adherence to diabetic therapy were 3.95 times more likely to have vaginal candidiasis (P=0.002). Conclusions Individualised health education on glycaemic control and good perineal hygiene remains key in the prevention of vaginal candidiasis among diabetic pregnant women.

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Measurement of psycho-emotional constructs and self-management in health of patients with Rheumatics diseases

Journal of Nursing Education and Practice ◽

10.5430/jnep.v8n11p1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Ana Dalla Santana Lima ◽

Clesnan Mendes-Rodrigues ◽

Laysa Oliveira Santos Dias ◽

Eliana Borges da Silva Pereira ◽

Omar Pereira de Almeida-Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Family Income ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Time ◽

Self Management ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Formal Study ◽

High Level

Objective: This study aimed to measure the scores of psychoemotional and self-management constructs in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD), to compare these scores according to the RD type and to verify the influence of these measures on self-management in health.Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out in an ambulatory of a public hospital of Brazil. Adult patients, with diagnosis of RD, responded to self-esteem, anxiety and depression, health and activation scales. Spearman’s correlation tests, independence tests, mean or median tests, multiple linear regressions evaluated the variables of interest at a significance level of .05.Results: Eighty-six patients (mean age = 45.23, SD = 14.30) were evaluated. High activation (mean = 65.83, SD = 14.20) and self-esteem scores (mean = 30.67, SD = 5.65) were observed, while moderate anxiety scores (mean = 8.21, SD = 4.37) and low scores for depression (mean = 6.37, SD = 3.98). Significant correlations were observed, from low to moderate magnitude, among other measures with activation (p < .05). There were weak correlations between activation and formal study time, self-esteem with age and family income, depression and number of comorbidities diagnosed or self-reported (p < .05). The RD type no affects any of the constructs evaluated.Conclusions: It was concluded that patients with rheumatic diseases presented high self-esteem, moderate anxiety levels and low levels of depression and a high level of activation. Lower number of diagnosed comorbities, higher formal study time was related to better self-management in health.

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PAAUGLIŲ DEPRESIJOS SIMPTOMŲ, SAVIVERTĖS, ŠEIMOS SOCIALINIO-EKONOMINIO STATUSO IR TĖVŲ AUKLĖJIMO STILIAUS SĄSAJOS

Psichologija ◽

10.15388/psichol.2004..4349 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 17-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oksana Malinauskienė ◽

Rita Žukauskienė

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Family Income ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Parental Overprotection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Parental Rearing ◽

Parent Child

Straipsnyje analizuojami depresijos simptomų, savivertės, tėvų auklėjimo stiliaus, šeimos socialinio-ekonominio statuso ryšiai. Tyrime dalyvavo 16–18 metų paaugliai (N = 300). Depresijos simptomams, savivertei ir tėvų auklėjimo stiliams nustatyti buvo naudojami YSR (Achenbach, 1991), RSE (Rosenberg, 1965) bei EMBU (Arrindell, 1999) klausimynai. Šeimos socialinis-ekonominis statusas buvo nustatomas pateikus tiriamiesiems anketą. Rezultatų analizė atskleidė, kad merginos patiria daugiau depresijos simptomų ir turi menkesnę savivertę nei vaikinai ir tai su amžiumi nekinta. Paaiškėjo, kad abiejų lyčių paauglių depresijos simptomai ir savivertė yra tarpusavyje neigiamai susiję. Regresinės analizės rezultatai parodė, kad savivertė, tėvų atstūmimas tiek merginoms, tiek vaikinams reikšmingai prognozuoja depresijos simptomus. Perdėta globa prognozuoja depresijos simptomus tik merginoms. Joks šeimos socialinio-ekonominio statuso kintamasis paauglių depresijos simptomų neprognozuoja. Skirtumai tarp lyčių prognozuojant paauglių depresijos simptomus leidžia daryti prielaidą, kad egzistuoja etiologiniai merginų ir vaikinų depresijos simptomų skirtumai. LINKS BETWEEN DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS, SELF-ESTEEM, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND PARENTAL REARING AMONG ADOLESCENTSOksana Malinauskienė, Rita Žukauskienė SummaryTheories of parent child interactions suggest that parent-child transactional styles substantially influence children’s acquisition of appropriate social interaction skills, as well as impacting related adjustment outcomes. Early childhood experiences have frequently been suggested as causal factors in the development of psychopathological manifestations in adolescence. In particular, dysfunctional rearing practices appeared to be highly correlated with different types of psychopathology or psychological problems developed later in life, such as depressive symptoms and low self-esteem. Nevertheless, despite an increasing number of studies, the results were rather inconsistent and as not providing valid information on the relationships between depressive symptoms, low self-esteem, socioeconomic status and parental rearing practices among adolescents. There is still a lack of information about the role of parental rearing and socioeconomic status of the family in the development of emotional problems and self-esteem in children and adolescents.The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate possible relationships between depressive symptoms, self-esteem, socioeconomic status, parental rearing, gender and age. Convenient sample of adolescents (N = 300, from 16 to 18 years) was given a test measuring self-esteem, a test measuring depressive symptoms, and a test measuring parental rearing. The Lithuanian version of RSE (Rosenberg, 1965) has been used to assess self-esteem. The depression subscale of the Lithuanian version of YSR (Achenbach, 1991) has been used to assess depressive symptoms. Parental rearing (emotional warmth, rejection, overprotection) was assessed using the Lithuanian versijon of the EMBU (Arrindell, 1999; Arrindell et al., 1994). Three measures of socioeconomic status were used: mother’s education and father’s education, family income, and family structure (one or two parents).Depressive symptoms were found to be higher for girls than for boys, whereas self-esteem was found to be higher for boys than for girls. Depressive symptoms were associated with lower self-esteem, both for boys and girls. Multivariate regressional analysis indicated that depressive symptoms are significantly predicted by self-esteem for boys and girls, by parental rejection for boys and girls, and by parental overprotection only for girls. Depressive symptoms were not significantly predicted by any of the three socioeconomic status measures. In addition, self-esteem was significantly predicted by depression for boys and girls, by parental emotional warmth for boys and girls, and by parental overprotection and by familial income only for girls. The differences between the prediction of depressive symptoms and the prediction of self-esteem, which appeared negatively correlated, suggested etiological differences. The differences between gender, and the lower percent of explained variance by regression analysis for boys than for girls, suggested gender differences in etiology of depression and in etiology of self-esteem.

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Cervical cancer: knowledge, attitude and practice on the prevention examination

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0645 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (suppl 3) ◽

pp. 25-31

Author(s):

Ester Marcele Ferreira de Melo ◽

Francisca Márcia Pereira Linhares ◽

Telma Marques da Silva ◽

Cleide Maria Pontes ◽

Alessandro Henrique da Silva Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Income ◽

Uterine Cancer ◽

Poisson Model ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cancer Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of women on the cervical-uterine cancer screening and to investigate their association with sociodemographic variables. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out from July to September 2015, with 500 women enrolled in the Basic Health Units of the Health District V, of the city of Recife-PE. For data collection, a semi-structured form was used. In statistical analysis, the Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact Test were applied and, in the multivariate analysis, the Poisson model and Wald statistic. Results: the prevalence of adequate knowledge, attitude and practice was 35.2%, 98% and 70.6%, respectively. Adequate knowledge was associated with having no children, having a family income of two minimum wages and Spiritist/Afro-Brazilian religion. Conclusion: women carry out the examination, deem it necessary, but do not have adequate knowledge, which demonstrates the need for educational actions by nurses and other health professionals.

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Prognostic Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression in Meningioma: A Cross-Sectional Study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-127796/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Ahmad Sharifuddin ◽

Sharifah Emilia Tuan Sharif ◽

Hasnan Jaafar

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Low Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Who Grade ◽

Exact Test ◽

Immunohistochemical Markers ◽

Chi Squared ◽

The Difference

Abstract Background: Meningioma is the most common intracranial tumor in adults. In addition to the extent of tumor surgical resection and WHO grade, angiogenesis is a prognostic factor that is influenced by MMP-2. Our study examined the association of these prognostic factors with MMP-2 expression in meningioma. Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with meningioma between January 2008 and December 2017 was conducted. All samples were re-reviewed and subjected to immunohistochemical staining for Ki67, MMP-2, and CD34. Pearson’s chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test were used to examine the association of MMP-2 expression with the WHO grade and microvascular density (MVD). Results: The study included 99 patients aged 23–75. Most patients were female (73.7%). This study included 85 cases of low-grade meningioma (grade I) and 14 cases of high-grade meningioma (grade II, 11; grade III, 3). The most common subtypes were meningothelial, transitional, and fibroblastic. In total, 62 of 85 patients with low-grade meningioma and 10 of 14 patients with high-grade meningioma exhibited high MMP-2 expression, and the difference in the rates between the groups was not significant. Most patients in this study displayed MVD scores of 1+ (54/99) and 2+ (33/99). Of the 54 patients with an MVD score of 1+, 42 exhibited high MMP-2 expression. MMP-2 was expressed by all patients with meningioma. Conclusion: In the future, more samples are required, in high-grade tumors, to prevent bias, and more specific immunohistochemical markers should be used to evaluate angiogenesis.

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Prevalence and co-infection of schistosomiasis/hepatitis B among rural populations in endemic areas in Hubei, China

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.1093/trstmh/trz086 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 114 (3) ◽

pp. 155-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yupeng Zhang ◽

Yaofei Xie ◽

Qi Chen ◽

Xuyu Chen ◽

Zhuangzhuang Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Aged People ◽

Qualitative Variables ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Endemic Areas

Abstract Background Both hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and schistosomiasis are important public health problems in China. Concurrent infection between HBV and schistosomiasis is often observed in areas where schistosomiasis is endemic. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis and HBV in schistosomiasis-affected areas, to explore whether schistosomiasis patients are more susceptible to HBV and to determine if the prevalence of HBV in high-endemic areas of schistosomiasis is higher than in low-endemic areas. Methods A total of 6526 participants from 13 villages in Hubei province were included in a cross-sectional study and blood samples were collected and examined. Qualitative variables were compared between groups using Pearson’s chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Results Of the 6526 participants, the overall prevalence was 8.27% for schistosomiasis and 2.67% for HBV. The prevalence of hepatitis B among participants who were Schistosoma antibody positive (25.37%) was higher than the prevalence in participants who were Schistosoma antibody negative (0.62%; χ2=1169.358, p<0.001, odds ratio 54.659). We also observed that there was no difference in the prevalence of hepatitis B between males and females in areas where schistosomiasis was endemic (χ2=1.827, p=0.177), but the prevalence of hepatitis B in middle-aged people was higher than in other age groups (χ2=47.877, p<0.001). Conclusions There was an association between schistosomiasis and HBV infection. However, more work is needed to find the causal relationship between schistosomiasis and HBV infection.

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Point prevalence survey of antibiotic consumption across three hospitals in Ghana

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

10.1093/jacamr/dlab008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Obed Kwabena Offe Amponsah ◽

Kwame Ohene Buabeng ◽

Alex Owusu-Ofori ◽

Nana Kwame Ayisi-Boateng ◽

Katri Hämeen-Anttila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Antibiotic Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Point Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Susceptibility Data ◽

Chi Squared

Abstract Background Actionable data on antimicrobial use is important when planning strategic interventions such as antimicrobial stewardship to address the challenge of drug resistance, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Objectives To assess the prevalence of antibiotic use, the pattern of commonly used antibiotics and patient factors that may be associated with the increased use of antibiotics in the study hospitals. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted using the WHO Methodology for Point Prevalence Surveys in hospitals. Chi-squared analysis, Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression were employed to analyse statistically the data obtained. Results The overall prevalence of antibiotic use in the hospitals was 60.5%. The commonest indications for antibiotic recommendations were community-acquired infections (36.5%), surgical prophylaxis (26.1%) and hospital-acquired infections (15.7%), among others. Very few (2.7%) of the patients had their samples taken for culture and susceptibility testing to guide therapy. Penicillins (48.7%), cephalosporins (23.5%) and fluoroquinolones (17.4%) were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. Concurrent malaria infection [adjusted OR (AOR) 0.33, 95% CI 0.11–0.94, P = 0.04] and increasing age (AOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96–1.00, P = 0.02) were associated with lower risk of antibiotic use. Conclusions The prevalence of antibiotic consumption in the hospitals was lower than that reported in similar studies in Ghana, but high relative to some reports from high-income countries. Most antibiotic therapy was empirical and not guided by culture and susceptibility testing. There is the need for application of the WHO AWaRe classification for the selection of antibiotics and increased use of culture and susceptibility data to guide infectious disease therapy.

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Evidence for the Continued Occurrence of Chorioretinopathy in Working Sheep Dogs in New Zealand in 2010

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11082229 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2229

Author(s):

Adam B. O’Connell ◽

A. Craig Irving ◽

Paul L. Hughes ◽

Naomi Cogger ◽

Boyd R. Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

South West ◽

Chi Squared ◽

The Relationship

A study in conducted 1987 by Hughes et al., found that 39% of working sheep dogs had multifocal retinitis. One of the identified causes was ocular larval migrans, which were a result of migrating ascarid larvae. Since that paper was published, anthelmintic use in farm dogs has been highly recommended. There has been no follow-up study to determine if fundic lesions are still present. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of chorioretinopathy in working sheep dogs in the South-West, Waikato, New Zealand. This was a cross-sectional study of 184 working sheep dogs and 51 owners, undertaken in 2010 with owners sampled from New Zealand’s South-West Waikato and Tux North Island Dog Trial Championship. Two-way tables were used to explore the relationship between variables. Significance of association was assessed using a Chi-squared or Fisher exact test as appropriate, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Overall prevalence of chorioretinopathy in the working sheep dogs was 44/184 (24%). A significantly higher prevalence of chorioretinopathy was shown in dogs with increasing age, from 2 years to >8 years (p = 0.0007) and in males (p < 0.0001). This study concluded that lesions of chorioretinopathy are still present in working sheep dogs in New Zealand.

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Frequency of depressive disorders in a representative sample of Nicosia, Cyprus

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.737 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S536-S537

Author(s):

I. Papapetrou ◽

G. Charalambous ◽

A. Sissouras ◽

E. Jelastopulu

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Family Income ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Competing Interest

Introduction“Health Profile” of Nicosia was conducted in 2013–2014, within the framework of the program “Healthy Cities” in order to collect and analyse information on the state of health and health-related behaviors of the citizens of Nicosia in Cyprus.AimsTo estimate the frequency of self-reported depressive disorders and examine burdening as well as factors influencing it.MethodsBased on the 2011 census, a cross-sectional study was carried out on a representative random stratified sample, which was selected to be interviewed, including 477 men and 525 women, from the city area. Participants answered a questionnaire, which required among other items on self-perceived physical and mental health. Participants were also asked the following questions: “Do you have/had in the past depression or/and anxiety?” and “Have you received a medical diagnosis for this disorder?”ResultsApproximately 70% of the sample reported they had experienced anxiety and depression (37% moderate and 33% severe episodes). Diagnosed depression was reported by 4%. Severe depressive disorders were more frequently reported by women (41%, P < 0.001), older aged citizens (70.2%, P < 0.001) widowed/divorced (45.5%, P < 0.001), persons with lower family income (< 1000 €, 79.7%, P < 0.001) and among people with chronic diseases (45.3%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe self-reported prevalence of anxiety and depression in the citizens of Nicosia is very high – probably reflecting a negative effect of the economic crisis –, and contrariwise diagnosis of the disorder is rarely provided and consequently therapy rarely offered. Specific population groups, such as women, elderly citizens, patients with chronic diseases are more vulnerable to depressive disorders requiring specialized medical attention.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Self-medication and adherence to drug treatment: assessment of participants of the Universidade do Envelhecer (the University of Aging) program

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-22562018021.180106 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 691-700

Author(s):

Antonio Leonardo de Freitas Garcia ◽

Andréia Naomi Madoz Kaya ◽

Eduardo Antonio Ferreira ◽

Eliana Fortes Gris ◽

Dayani Galato

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Aging Program ◽

Chi Squared ◽

The University ◽

Continuous Use

Abstract Objectives : to evaluate the use of medication (for continuous use and self-medication) and adherence to treatment among elderly and non-elderly participants of the Universidade do Envelhecer (UniSer). Method : an observational, quantitative and cross-sectional study, using the interview technique, was carried out at UniSer with 215 subjects. A structured instrument was used for the collection of sociodemographic variables and self-medication data. The 1986 Morisky-Green-Levine Scale (MGL) and the Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) regimen screening tool were used to assess adherence. Descriptive analyzes of the data were performed, and the chi-squared Test and Fisher’s Exact Test were applied to evaluate the association between variables of interest. Results : of the participants, 127 (59.1%) were elderly (< 60 years old), of whom 81.9% were women. Regarding self-medication, 22.9% of elderly and 21.7% of non-elderly persons practiced it in the previous seven days (p=0.848), even if they considered it dangerous (p=0.472). A total of 45.8% of the elderly and 55.6% of the non-elderly irrationally self-medicated within the analyzed period, while 76.4% of the elderly and 64.8% of the non-elderly used medications of continuous use (p=0.063). A total of 78.8% of the elderly and 76.1% of the non-elderly were not adherent to treatment (p=0.719) according to the MGL scale, while the BMQ Regimen Screen found that 36.7% of the elderly and 41.1% of the non-elderly were not adherent (p=0.595). Conclusion : these findings demonstrate that there were no significant differences between the groups studied and health education actions should be carried out with an emphasis on guidelines on adherence and the rational use of medicines.

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