scholarly journals Dry care versus chlorhexidine cord care for prevention of omphalitis. Systematic review with meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Dolores López-Medina ◽  
Manuel Linares-Abad ◽  
Ana Belén López-Araque ◽  
Isabel María López-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
High Infant Mortality ◽  
Umbilical Cord Care ◽  
Hospital Births

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the effect of dry care and the application of chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord of newborns at risk of developing omphalitis. Method: systematic review with meta-analysis. Clinical trials comparing dry care with the application of clorexidine to evaluate omphalitis were selected. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. Results: the joint analysis of the studies shows a significant decrease in the risk of omphalitis in the chlorhexidine group compared to the dry care group (RR=0.58, CI: 0.53-0.64). However, in the analysis by subgroups, chlorhexidine umbilical cord care did not reduce the risk of omphalitis in hospital births (RR=0.82, CI: 0.64-1.05), in countries with a low infant mortality rate (RR=0.8, CI: 0.5-1.28), or at chlorhexidine concentrations below 4% (RR=0.55, CI: 0.31-1). Chlorhexidine acted as a protective factor at a concentration of 4% (RR=0.58, CI: 0.53-0.64), when applied in cases of home births (RR=0.57, CI: 0.51-0.62), in countries with a high infant mortality rate (RR=0.57, CI: 0.52-0.63). Conclusion: dry cord care is effective in countries with low infant mortality rate and in hospital births. However, 4% chlorhexidine for umbilical cord care protects against omphalitis in home births, in countries with a high infant mortality rate.

scholarly journals The Effect of Counseling on the Ability of Caring for the umbilical cord at the Primigravida Nifas Mother in BPM Nihayatur Rohmah Karangsono Village KanigoroBlitar Regency

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Maria Ulfa ◽  
Andestia Imanita
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
Caring Behavior ◽  
High Infant Mortality ◽  
Umbilical Cord Care ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Right

The high infant mortality rate due to improper umbilical cord care is increasing. Improper umbilical cord caring behavior is still found in postpartum primigravida, so it is necessary to increase postpartum knowledge of the importance of treating the umbilical cord in the right way to prevent infection. This study design is Quasy-eksperimental one group Pre-post-test-design. Population of this research is Primigravida Nifas Mother one day 2-7 days in BPM Nihayatur Rohmah. The sample in this research is 15 respondents by using total sampling.Data analysis using Wilcoxon test. Results of research on the ability of postpartum primigravida mother in caring for the correct umbilical cord before counseling 6,7% in the able category and after getting counseling there is a 93,3% increase that is 100% in the category capable. Based on the results of the study is expected to respondents more active again in increasing interest by increasing information about caring for the correct umbilical cord to prevent the occurrence of infection

"The Innate Constitutional Vigor of Black Youth"

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-166
Author(s):  
Theodore Friedmann
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Black Youth ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
High Infant Mortality ◽  
Socioeconomic Problems

The recent article (48: 979, 1971) by M. E. Wegman on "Annual Summary of Vital Statistics-1970," shows clearly that this country has not yet solved the medical and socioeconomic problems which contribute to our inordinately high infant mortality rate, especially among nonwhites. It is a bit puzzling, though, to read in such an article that one can clearly recognize "the innate constitutional vigor of black youtone has only to look at the sports pages daily."

scholarly journals Evolution and current state of global research on paediatric resuscitation: a systematic scientometric analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean S. Scholz ◽  
Rainer Borgstedt ◽  
Leoni C. Menzel ◽  
Sebastian Rehberg ◽  
Gerrit Jansen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Hirsch Index ◽  
Current State ◽  
High Infant Mortality

Abstract Background Paediatric resuscitation is rare but potentially associated with maximal lifetime reduction. Notably, several nations experience high infant mortality rates even today. To improve clinical outcomes and promote research, detailed analyses on evolution and current state of research on paediatric resuscitation are necessary. Methods Research on paediatric resuscitation published in-between 1900 and 2019 were searched using Web of Science. Metadata were extracted and analyzed based on the science performance evaluation (SciPE) protocol. Research performance was evaluated regarding quality and quantity over time, including comparisons to adult resuscitation. National research performance was related to population, financial capacities, infant mortality rate, collaborations, and authors’ gender. Results Similar to adult resuscitation, research performance on paediatric resuscitation grew exponentially with most original articles being published during the last decade (1106/1896). The absolute number, however, is only 14% compared to adults. The United States dominate global research by contributing the highest number of articles (777), Hirsch-Index (70), and citations (18,863). The most productive collaboration was between the United States and Canada (52). When considering nation’s population and gross domestic product (GDP) rate, Norway is leading regarding population per article (62,467), per Hirsch-Index (223,841), per citation (2226), and per GDP (2.3E-04). Regarding publications per infant mortality rate, efforts of India and Brazil are remarkable. Out of the 100 most frequently publishing researchers, 25% were female. Conclusion Research efforts on paediatric resuscitation have increased but remain underrepresented. Specifically, nations with high infant mortality rates should be integrated by collaborations. Additional efforts are required to overcome gender disparities.

scholarly journals RETRACTED ARTICLE: Application of 4% chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord stump of newborn infants in lower income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Abrham Roba ◽  
Maleda Tefera ◽  
Teshager Worku ◽  
Tamirat Tesfaye Dasa ◽  
Abiy Seifu Estifanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
Separation Time ◽  
Lower Income Countries

Abstract There are conflicting results from large randomized controlled trials in different populations regarding the effectiveness of topical application of 4% chlorhexidine to the umbilical stump of newborn infants at reducing neonatal mortality. Meta-analysis and systematic review of trials performed in South Asia and Europe support 4% chlorhexidine application to reduce neonatal mortality, whereas trials performed in Sub-Saharan Africa do not. The aim of this review is to determine the effectiveness of 4% chlorhexidine application to the umbilical stump of newborn infants born in lower income countries in order to reduce neonatal mortality when compared with usual cord care. Our search strategy included randomized trials published between January1st 2000 and September 4th, 2018, that compared 4% chlorhexidine with usual cord care (“dry cord care”). The outcome variable of interest was neonatal mortality. Pooled relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model were calculated. Nine trials were included, from six countries: Zambia, Tanzania, Bangladesh, Nepal, India and Pakistan, with a total of 257,153 participants. Five studies (N = 119,833) reported neonatal mortality. There was a 21% reduction in neonatal mortality among with 4% chlorhexidine application: pooled RR (95% CI) 0.79 (0.69–0.90), P = 0.0005. The incidence of omphalitis was decreased by 35% with 4% chlorhexidine (6 studies, N = 108,263): pooled RR (95% CI) 0.65 (0.56–0.75), P = 0.00001. Chlorhexidine application delayed the umbilical cord separation time (4 studies, N = 28,917): mean difference (95% CI) 2.71 (2.63–2.78) days. In conclusion, this systematic review found that topical application of 4% chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord stump of newborn infants in lower income countries significantly reduces the incidence of neonatal mortality. Chlorhexidine also reduces the incidence of omphalitis, but prolongs umbilical cord separation time. Trial registration Systematic Review Registration: CRD42018109280.

scholarly journals Infant Mortality in Post-Reform Russia: Dynamics, Regional Differences and the Role of Traditional Norms

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Timur Vladimirovich Natkhov ◽  
Natalia Vasilenok
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
High Infant Mortality ◽  
Agricultural Societies ◽  
Traditional Norms

The article analyzes dynamics and regional differences in infant mortality in the post-reform Russian Empire. Based on extensive statistical, ethnographic and medical sources, the authors have shown that the infant mortality rate depended primarily on traditional practices of infant feeding and caring rather than on income, literacy or access to medicine. High infant mortality rate among the Great Russian population (compared with other ethnic and religious groups) was primarily due to the early stop of breastfeeding and solid food feeding. The latter sometimes began in the first days of baby’s life. The authors’ conclusions are consistent with the results of similar studies carried out in European demographic history and show that the use of infant mortality as an indicator of the population living standard in agricultural societies cannot always be justified. Consequently, it is unreasonable to draw conclusions about the stagnation of living standards in pre-revolutionary Russia on the basis of the infant mortality rate.

scholarly journals Risk Analyses Factor of Infant Mortality Caused by Tetanus Neonatorum in East Java

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selvy Novita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Immunization ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Umbilical Cord Care

Tetanus neonatorum is an infection in infants ( < 28 days), caused by bacteria Clostridium tetani that enter the body through the wound. Tetanus neonatorum is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality in the world. The case of tetanus neonatorum is present in 14 provinces in Indonesia, East Java has the second highest case of tetanus neonatorum. Factors affecting infant mortality among others include maternal immunization status, parity, delay admission of TN patients, and umbilical cord care. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between maternal immunization status, parity, delay admission of TN patients, and umbilical cord care with mortality of tetanus neonatorum. This study uses cross sectional design using 59 respondents obtained from T2 report to Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur in 2014-2016. The result of the research by using chi-square test and α= 0,05 obtained TT immunization of pregnant women (p = 0.257), parity (p = 0.034; PR= 0.39; 95% CI 0.16-0.98), delay admission of TN patients (p = 0.061), and umbilical cord care (p = 0.007; PR = 2.31; 95% CI 1.29-4.15). The conclusion of this study is there are no relationships between maternal immunization status and delay admission with mortality of tetanus neonatorum and a significant relationships between parity and umbilical cord care with mortality of tetanus neonatorum in East Java in 2014-2016. To reduce the risk factors of infant mortality, it is necessary to socialize TT immunization to pregnant women, planning of pregnancy, clean delivery and umbilical cord care.Keywords: risk factors, delay admission, mortality of tetanus neonatorum, parity, and umbilical cord care, maternal immunization

scholarly journals Evolution and Current State of Global Research on Paediatric Resuscitation: A Systematic Scientometric Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean S. Scholz ◽  
Rainer Borgstedt ◽  
Leoni C. Menzel ◽  
Sebastian Rehberg ◽  
Gerrit Jansen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Hirsch Index ◽  
Current State ◽  
High Infant Mortality

Abstract Background:Paediatric resuscitation is rare but potentially associated with maximallifetime reduction. Notably, there are still today high infant mortality rates in several nations. To improve clinical outcomes and promote research detailed analyses on evolution and current state of research on paediatric resuscitation are necessary.Methods:Research on paediatric resuscitation published in-between 1900-2019 weresearched using Web of Science. Metadata were extracted and resolved based on the science performance evaluation (SciPE) protocol. Research performance was evaluated regarding quality and quantity over time, including comparisons to adult resuscitation. National research performance was related to population, financial capacities, infant mortality rate, collaborations, and authors gender.Results:Similar to adult resuscitation research performance on paediatric resuscitationgrew exponentially with most original articles being published during the last decade (1,106/1,896). The absolute number, however, is only 14% compared to adults. The United States dominate global research by contributing the highest number of articles (777), Hirsch-Index (70), and citations (18,863). The most productive collaboration was between the United States and Canada (52). When considering nation’s population and gross domestic product (GDP) rate, Norway is leading regarding population per article (62,467), per Hirsch-Index (223,841), per citation (2,226), and per GDP (2.3E- 04). Regarding publications per infant mortality rate, efforts of India and Brazil are remarkable. Out of the 100 most frequently publishing researchers, 25% were female.Conclusion: Research efforts on paediatric resuscitation have increased but remainunderrepresented. Specifically, nations with high infant mortality rates should be integrated by collaborations. Additional efforts are required to overcome gender disparities.

scholarly journals Evolution and current state of global research on paediatric resuscitation: A systematic scientometric analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean S. Scholz ◽  
Rainer Borgstedt ◽  
Leoni C. Menzel ◽  
Sebastian Rehberg ◽  
Gerrit Jansen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Hirsch Index ◽  
Current State ◽  
High Infant Mortality

Abstract Background: Paediatric resuscitation is rare but potentially associated with maximal lifetime reduction. Notably, several nations experience high infant mortality rates even today. To improve clinical outcomes and promote research, detailed analyses on evolution and current state of research on paediatric resuscitation are necessary. Methods: Research on paediatric resuscitation published in-between 1900-2019 were searched using Web of Science. Metadata were extracted and analyzed based on the science performance evaluation (SciPE) protocol. Research performance was evaluated regarding quality and quantity over time, including comparisons to adult resuscitation. National research performance was related to population, financial capacities, infant mortality rate, collaborations, and authors´ gender. Results: Similar to adult resuscitation, research performance on paediatric resuscitation grew exponentially with most original articles being published during the last decade (1,106/1,896). The absolute number, however, is only 14% compared to adults. The United States dominate global research by contributing the highest number of articles (777), Hirsch-Index (70), and citations (18,863). The most productive collaboration was between the United States and Canada (52). When considering nation’s population and gross domestic product (GDP) rate, Norway is leading regarding population per article (62,467), per Hirsch-Index (223,841), per citation (2,226), and per GDP (2.3E-04). Regarding publications per infant mortality rate, efforts of India and Brazil are remarkable. Out of the 100 most frequently publishing researchers, 25% were female. Conclusion: Research efforts on paediatric resuscitation have increased but remain underrepresented. Specifically, nations with high infant mortality rates should be integrated by collaborations. Additional efforts are required to overcome gender disparities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document