American visceral leishmaniasis in a state of northeastern Brazil: clinical, epidemiological and laboratory aspects

Abstract In Brazil, American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) has become a public health concern due to its high incidence and lethality. This study aimed to analyze the clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory aspects of AVL in a state of Brazil. This descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, and quantitative study of notified cases of AVL was carried out in Alagoas between 2008 and 2017 from data obtained from DATASUS/SINAN. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were analyzed. A descriptive analysis was performed using absolute values and valid percentages, using tables and/or graphs. Data processing was performed using Stata 12.0®. Results with P <0.05 were considered statistically significant. During the study period, 352 cases of AVL were reported, of which 6.82% died and 38.92% had met a cure criterion. Male patients were predominant (66.76%). Of the total infected patients, 16.76% had attended only the 1st to the 4th grades, with those most affected aged 1 to 4 years (28.69%). Laboratory diagnostic criteria were most commonly used to confirm the notified cases (76.42%), whereas 51.70% and 8.52% of the cases had positive parasitological and immunofluorescence diagnoses, respectively. Finally, the study showed a higher prevalence of the disease in children, men and in rural residents. Although with low lethality, the expressive frequency of AVL in the State of Alagoas was still verified, since there was an increase in the number of cases during the years of the study.

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Internet gaming disorder: a public health concern

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193483 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 3532

Author(s):

Aruna Marati Savanthe ◽

Cynthia Subhaprada Savolu

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Health Concern ◽

The Internet ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Internet Gaming

Background: Internet gaming disorder is the public health concern globally due to its detrimental effects on the youth to an extreme of provoking them to suicide. As we lack studies in India highlighting this issue we have taken up a study to assess internet gaming disorder among medical graduates and validate the Internet gaming disorder-20 (IGD-20) scale.Methods: A cross-sectional study done on 200 first and second year medical students of Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool during February and March, 2019 using self-administered questionnaire containing IGD-20 which satisfies Griffith’s biopsychosocial component model and questions to assess socio behaviour changes. Data entered and analysed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive analysis, reliability tests, correlation and other appropriate significant tests used.Results: Prevalence of internet gaming disorder was 10%, more in male and who spend more than 30 hours per week on gaming which was statistically significant. Internal consistency of the IGD-20 was 0.91 Cronbach’s alpha. Socio-behavioural changes like aggressiveness, irritability and change in food patterns were significantly associated with excessive disordered gaming habit.Conclusions: Advanced technology as electronic gadgets, easily accessible networks are attracting the generation and making them addicted to it. Stress of the competitive world, loneliness is triggering this behaviour. Timely detection and management of the disordered gamers, scrutiny of parents on the internet gaming usage pattern of their kids, self-realisation and motivation towards physical games could help the youth to succumb the internet gaming disorder.

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Perception of mucormycosis infection among Bangladeshi healthcare workers: an exploratory cross-sectional study in the year following the COVID-19 pandemic

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-022-00696-1 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Humayun Kabir ◽

Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽

Mamunur Rahman ◽

Shimpi Akter ◽

Golam Ishraque Chowdhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Fungal Infection ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Monthly Income ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Mucormycosis, a severe fungal infection, is an emerging public health concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the perception of mucormycosis among Bangladeshi healthcare workers. Results An exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out among the Bangladeshi healthcare workers from May 25, 2021, to June 5, 2021. The study found 422 responses from the healthcare workers of Bangladesh. Among the respondents, nearly half of them (45.26%) were doctors (n = 191). This study explored that the healthcare workers’ mucormycosis perception scores were significantly associated with their age, gender, profession, monthly income, marital status, job type, and death of friends and family members due to COVID-19. Conclusions This study emphasized the healthcare workers’ mucormycosis perception along with other associated factors. The findings could help policymakers to mitigate mucormycosis and related infectious diseases emergencies in the post-COVID-19 situation.

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Are normoglycaemic individuals at risk of depression? The depression-dysglycaemic phenotype from a European population-based cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.19240/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Cuschieri ◽

Julian Mamo

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Population Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Phenotypic Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Depression Prevalence ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Depression is a chronic non communicable disease. It is a growing public health concern with established links with a number of co-morbidities, including diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression at a population level, establish the depression sub-population phenotypic characteristics while exploring for links between depression and a spectrum of glycemic abnormalities. Methods A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted in Malta between 2014 and 2016. Participants were categorized into different sub-populations according to their glycaemic status. Depression prevalence rates and phenotypic characteristics for each sub-population were established. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify links with depression. Results Depression was prevalent in 17.15% (CI 95%: 16.01 – 18.36) with a female predominance. Those with known (as opposed to newly diagnosed) diabetes had the highest depression prevalence when compared to other glycemic sub-groups. These also exhibited a significant link with self-reported depression. However, at a population level, depression was mostly prevalent within the normoglycaemic sub-population. Conclusions The study confirms the strong link between diabetes and depression, especially, in a high risk dysglycaemic population. Of public health concern is the high depression occurrence within the normoglycaemic sub-population, which attributed for the majority of the Maltese population. In order to reduce the impact of mental health on the population, physicians may consider implementing depression screening clinical tools as part of their routine health check-ups at primary care level, irrespective of the glycaemic status of their patients.

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Are normoglycaemic individuals at risk of depression? The depression-dysglycaemic phenotype from a European population-based cross-sectional study

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-020-00495-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Cuschieri ◽

Julian Mamo

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Population Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Phenotypic Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Depression Prevalence ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Depression is a chronic non communicable disease. It is a growing public health concern with established links with a number of co-morbidities, including diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression at a population level, establish the depression sub-population phenotypic characteristics while exploring for links between depression and a spectrum of glycemic abnormalities. Methods A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted in Malta between 2014 and 2016. Participants were categorized into different sub-populations according to their glycaemic status. Depression prevalence rates and phenotypic characteristics for each sub-population were established. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify links with depression. Results Depression was prevalent in 17.15% (CI 95%: 16.01–18.36) with a female predominance. Those with known (as opposed to newly diagnosed) diabetes had the highest depression prevalence when compared to other glycemic sub-groups. These also exhibited a significant link with self-reported depression. However, at a population level, depression was mostly prevalent within the normoglycaemic sub-population. Conclusions The study confirms the strong link between diabetes and depression, especially, in a high risk dysglycaemic population. Of public health concern is the high depression occurrence within the normoglycaemic sub-population, which attributed for the majority of the Maltese population. In order to reduce the impact of mental health on the population, physicians may consider implementing depression screening clinical tools as part of their routine health check-ups at primary care level, irrespective of the glycaemic status of their patients.

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New Biomedical Technologies and Strategies for Prevention of HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections

Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽

10.1155/2016/7684768 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bonaventura C. T. Mpondo

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Health Concern ◽

Socioeconomic Impact ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Acute Infections ◽

High Incidence ◽

Biomedical Technologies ◽

Prevention Of Hiv

Sexually transmitted infections remain to be of public health concern in many developing countries. Their control is important, considering the high incidence of acute infections, complications and sequelae, and their socioeconomic impact. This article discusses the new biomedical technologies and strategies for the prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.

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Nutritional supplementation practices during pregnancy in Village Development Committees of Morang District, Nepal

Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jcmsn.v10i2.12948 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 10-17

Author(s):

RB Sah ◽

L Subedi ◽

U Shah ◽

N Jha ◽

PK Pokharel

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Face To Face ◽

Chi Square Test

BACKGROUND Pregnancy is a critical period for both woman and baby from a nutritional perspective. Poor nutrition, during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. However, due to various factors, pregnant women do not increase the quality or quantity of diet during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE To find out the prevalence of nutritional supplementations taken during pregnancy and to find out the association between sociodemographic characteristics and nutritional supplementations taken during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st March to 14th March, 2014 among the residents of Rangeli VDC of Morang District in Eastern Nepal where 300 households were taken as subjects. Semistructured questionnaire was used and face to face interview was conducted. Chi-square test was applied to find out the association between sociodemographic characteristics and nutritional supplementations taken during pregnancy. RESULT The problem of not taking extra nutritional supplementations during pregnancy is common and has become a key public health concern. Lack of education of wife and husband led some of the respondents not taking more nutritional supplementations during pregnancy. CONCLUSION The problem of not taking extra nutritional supplementations during pregnancy is common and has become a key public health concern. Lack of education of wife and husband led some of the respondents not taking more nutritional supplementations during pregnancy.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v10i2.12948 Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2014, Vol.10(2); 10-17

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COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN CLASSICAL AND MOLECULAR METHODS IN DIAGNOSIS OF LEISHMANIA SPECIES IN IRAQ

Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.22374/1875-6859.14.3.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. e69-e76

Author(s):

Magda A. Ali ◽

Ali Khamesipour ◽

Abdulsadah A. Rahi ◽

Mehdi Mohebali ◽

Amir Ahmad Akhavan

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Nested Pcr ◽

Age Groups ◽

Leishmania Species ◽

Molecular Methods ◽

Health Concern ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

High Incidence ◽

Clinical Consequences ◽

Skin Samples

Background and Objective Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains a serious public health concern in some parts of Iraq. The aims of this study to diagnose the Leishmania sp. causative agent of CL in some parts of Iraq, by different parasitological, cultural, and molecular methods. It was carried during the period October 2014 to February 2015. Materials and Methods One hundred-sixty one of skin samples were examined by direct Giemsa-smeared, culture on NNN medium and Nested – PCR methods in different age groups. Results The results of our study showed that 110 (68.3%) gave positives by Giemsa-smeared, 104 (64.6%) by culture and 67 (100%) by Nested – PCR. Our results appeared that there was slight gender predilection ; CL cases were more frequent in males (62.1%) than females (37.9%). Also, the type of infection showed that disease was in wet type 133(82.6%) more than in dry type 28 (17.4%). It was found that 98 (60.9%) of CL cases were in contact with rodents while 63(39.1%) of cases were not. Conclusions CL disease is endemic in many parts of Iraq with high incidence and expanding to new foci that is considered a public health threat which needs special attention. Women appeared to be better equipped than men to contain the infection and its clinical consequences, but the sex factor tended to lessen at higher levels of exposure.

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Are normoglycaemic individuals at risk of depression? The depression-dysglycaemic phenotype from a European population-based cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.19240/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Cuschieri ◽

Julian Mamo

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Population Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Concern ◽

Phenotypic Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Depression Prevalence ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Depression is a chronic non communicable disease and its control constitutes a growing public health concern given its links with a number of co-morbidities, including diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression at a population level, establish the depression sub-population phenotypic characteristics while exploring for links between depression and a spectrum of glycemic abnormalities. Methods A nationally representative cross-sectional study was conducted in Malta between 2014 and 2016. Participants were categorized into different sub-populations according to their glycaemic status. Depression prevalence rates and phenotypic characteristics for each sub-population were established. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify links with depression. Results Depression was prevalent in 17.15% (CI 95%: 16.01 – 18.36) with a female predominance. Those with known (as opposed to newly diagnosed) diabetes had the highest depression prevalence when compared to other glycemic sub-groups and exhibited a significant link with self-reported depression. However, at a population level, depression was mostly prevalent within the normoglycaemic sub-population. Conclusions The study confirms the strong link between diabetes and depression, especially, in a high risk dysglycaemic population. Of public health concern is the high depression occurrence within the normoglycaemic sub-population, which constitutes the majority of the total Maltese population. Given the high prevalence of depressive illness in the population and in order to reduce the impact of mental health on the population, physicians may consider implementing depression screening clinical tools as part of their routine health check-ups at primary care level, irrespective of the glycaemic status of their patients.

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