Depression, anthropometric parameters, and body image in adults: a systematic review

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between depression, anthropometric parameters and body image in adults through a systematic review of the literature. METHOD: Medline, Lilacs and PsycInfo databases were searched by two independent reviewers up to August 2018, without language restriction, including cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies in adults (18-65 years), of both genders. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale instrument. The PRISMA standards were adopted for the conduct of this review, whose protocol is registered in PROSPERO, number CRD42018105248. RESULTS: The search resulted in 1,770 articles; however, a total of 5 articles were included in this review, whose designs were transversal. Quality scores ranged from 8 to 9 points. The association between depression, anthropometric parameters, and body image was found in all included studies, regardless of the different statistical methods employed. Women perceived their body larger than it really was by idealizing a lean body, whereas in men the perception of being underweight or dissatisfaction was observed by idealizing a larger body, both conditions were associated with the presence of depression or depressive symptoms and body mass index in the same time. CONCLUSION: Depression, anthropometric parameters and body image were associated. It is necessary to conduct other studies, especially longitudinal studies to elucidate the relationship among depression, weight, body image, and other associated factors.

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Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Older Adults Living at High Altitude: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000514471 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Diego Urrunaga-Pastor ◽

Diego Chambergo-Michilot ◽

Fernando M. Runzer-Colmenares ◽

Josmel Pacheco-Mendoza ◽

Vicente A. Benites-Zapata

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

High Altitude ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Language Restriction ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Ottawa Scale

Introduction: Dementia is a chronic disease with a variable prevalence throughout the world; however, this could be higher at high-altitude populations. We aimed to summarize the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults living at high altitude. Methods: We searched in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase and included the studies published from inception to July 20, 2020, with no language restriction, which reported the frequency of cognitive impairment or dementia in older adults living at high-altitude populations. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to calculate the overall prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of cognitive impairment and dementia. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) adapted for cross-sectional studies. Results: Six studies were included (3,724 participants), and 5 of the 6 included studies were carried out in Latin America. The altitude ranged from 1,783 to 3,847 m, the proportion of women included varied from 38.7 to 65.6%, and the proportion of participants with elementary or illiterate educational level ranged from 71.7 to 97.6%. The overall prevalence of cognitive impairment was 22.0% (95% CI: 8–40, I2: 99%), and the overall prevalence of dementia was 11.0% (95% CI: 6–17, I2: 92%). In a subgroup analysis according to the instrument used to evaluate cognitive impairment, the prevalence of cognitive impairment was 21.0% (95% CI: 5–42, I2: 99%) in the MMSE group while the prevalence was 29.0% (95% CI: 0–78) in the non-MMSE group. Conclusions: The prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults living at high altitude is almost twice the number reported in some world regions.

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What does my neighbourhood have to do with my weight? A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between neighbourhood socioeconomic status and body weight

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017567 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. e017567

Author(s):

Shimels Hussien Mohammed ◽

Mulugeta Molla Birhanu ◽

Tesfamichael Awoke Sissay ◽

Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold ◽

Balewgizie Sileshi Tegegn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Registration Number ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Status ◽

Using Data

IntroductionIndividuals living in poor neighbourhoods are at a higher risk of overweight/obesity. There is no systematic review and meta-analysis study on the association of neighbourhood socioeconomic status (NSES) with overweight/obesity. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse the existing evidence on the association of NSES with overweight/obesity.Methods and analysisCross-sectional, case–control and cohort studies published in English from inception to 15 May 2017 will be systematically searched using the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Sciences and Google Scholar. Selection, screening, reviewing and data extraction will be done by two reviewers, independently and in duplicate. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) will be used to assess the quality of evidence. Publication bias will be checked by visual inspection of funnel plots and Egger’s regression test. Heterogeneity will be checked by Higgins’s method (I2statistics). Meta-analysis will be done to estimate the pooled OR. Narrative synthesis will be performed if meta-analysis is not feasible due to high heterogeneity of studies.Ethics and disseminationEthical clearance is not required as we will be using data from published articles. Findings will be communicated through a publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentations at professional conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017063889.

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Relationship between cognition and frailty in elderly: A systematic review

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/1980-57642015dn92000005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 110-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Allan Gustavo Brigola ◽

Estefani Serafim Rossetti ◽

Bruna Rodrigues dos Santos ◽

Anita Liberalesso Neri ◽

Marisa Silvana Zazzetta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Web Of Science ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cognitive Domains ◽

The Subject ◽

The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between cognition and frailty in the elderly. METHODS: A systematic review on the currently existing literature concerning the subject was carried out. The search strategy included LILACS, SCOPUS, SciELO, PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science databases. RESULTS: A total of 19 studies were selected for review, from which 10 (52.6%) were cross-sectional and 9 (47.4%) longitudinal, and the majority Brazilian. All of the studies established a link between cognition and frailty. There was a relationship between components of frailty and the cognitive domains. Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), dementia and mortality were all evidenced in the relationship between frailty and cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION: The theory remains limited, but results show the variables that appear to be linked to cognition and frailty in elderly. This data can help in implementing actions to improve the quality of life among elderly.

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Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Patients with COVID-19: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Mortality. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease ◽

10.3390/jcdd8120162 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 162

Author(s):

Sergio Rico-Martín ◽

Julián F. Calderón-García ◽

Belinda Basilio-Fernández ◽

María Zoraida Clavijo-Chamorro ◽

Juan F. Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Abstract Screening ◽

The Relationship ◽

Metabolic Comorbidities ◽

Ottawa Scale

Recent meta-analysis studies have reported that metabolic comorbidities such as diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia and hypertension are associated with higher risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and mortality in patients with COVID-19. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components with SARS and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the several databases up until 1 September 2021. Primary observational longitudinal studies published in peer review journals were selected. Two independent reviewers performed title and abstract screening, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results: The random effects meta-analysis showed that MetS was significantly associated with SARS with a pooled OR (95% CI) of 3.21 (2.88–3.58) and mortality with a pooled OR (95% CI) of 2.32 (1.16–4.63). According to SARS, the pooled OR for MetS was 2.19 (1.71–2.67), p < 0.001; significantly higher than the hypertension component. With regard to mortality, although the pooled OR for MetS was greater than for its individual components, no significant differences were observed. Conclusions: this meta-analysis of cohort studies, showed that MetS is better associated to SARS and mortality in COVID-19 patients than its individual components.

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Hospital contextual factors affecting the implementation of health technologies: a systematic review

BMC Health Services Research ◽

10.1186/s12913-021-06423-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Adriano Grossi ◽

Ilda Hoxhaj ◽

Irene Gabutti ◽

Maria Lucia Specchia ◽

Americo Cicchetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Contextual Factors ◽

Hospital Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Health Technologies ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Critical Appraisal Skills

Abstract Background To keep a high quality of assistance it is important for hospitals to invest in health technologies (HTs) that have the potential of improving health outcomes. Even though guidance exists on how HTs should be introduced, used and dismissed, there is a surprising gap in literature concerning the awareness of hospitals in the actual utilization of HTs. Methods We performed a systematic literature review of qualitative and quantitative studies aimed at investigating hospital contextual factors that influence the actual utilization of HTs. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Econlit and Ovid Medline electronic databases were searched to retrieve articles published in English and Italian from January 2000 to January 2019. The quality of the included articles was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for the cross-sectional studies and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool for mixed method studies. Results We included 33 articles, which were of moderate to high methodological quality. The included articles mostly addressed the contextual factors that impact the implementation of information and communication technologies (ICTs). Overall, for all HTs, the hospital contextual factors were part of four categories: hospital infrastructure, human resource management, financial resources and leadership styles. Conclusion Our systematic review reported that the contextual factors influencing the HTs utilization at hospital level are mainly explored for ICTs. Several factors should be considered when planning the implementation of a new HTs at hospital level. A potential publication bias might be present in our work, since we included articles published only in English and Italian Language, from January 2000 to January 2019. There remains a gap in the literature on the facilitators and barriers influencing the implementation and concrete utilization of medical and surgical HTs, suggesting the need for further studies for a better understanding.

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Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in the management of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

10.1101/2021.01.27.21250599 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gollapalle L Viswanatha ◽

CH K V L S N Anjana Male ◽

Hanumanthappa Shylaja

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Risk Of Mortality ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Soc Control ◽

Ottawa Scale

AbstractBackgroundThis systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab (TCZ) in treating severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsThe electronic search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and Google scholar to identify the retrospective observational reports. The studies published from 01 January 2020 to 30th September 2020. Participants were hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Interventions included tocilizumab versus placebo/standard of care. The comparison will be between TCZ versus standard of care (SOC)/placebo. Inconsistency between the studies was evaluated with I2 and quality of the evidences were evaluated by Newcastle-Ottawa scale.ResultsBased on the inclusion criteria there were 24 retrospective studies involving 5686 subjects were included. The outcomes of the meta-analysis have revealed that the TCZ has reduced the mortality (M-H,RE-OR −0.11(−0.18 to −0.04) 95% CI, p =0.001, I2 =88%) and increased the incidences of super-infections (M-H, RE-OR 1.49(1.13 to 1.96) 95% CI, p=0.004, I2=47%). However, there is no significant difference in ICU admissions rate (M-H, RE-OR −0.06(−0.23 to 0.12), I2=93%), need of MV (M-H, RE-OR of 0.00(−0.06 to 0.07), I = 74%), LOS (IV −2.86(−0.91 to 3.38), I2=100%), LOS-ICU (IV: −3.93(−12.35 to 4.48), I2=100%), and incidences of pulmonary thrombosis (M-H, RE-OR 1.01 (0.45 to 2.26), I2=0%) compared to SOC/control.ConclusionBased on cumulative low to moderate certainty evidence shows that TCZ could reduce the risk of mortality in hospitalized patients. However, there is no statistically significant difference observed between the TCZ and SOC/control groups in other parameters.

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Efficiency and Quality of Data Collection Among Public Mental Health Surveys Conducted During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/25118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. e25118

Author(s):

Yu-Hsuan Lin ◽

Chung-Yen Chen ◽

Shiow-Ing Wu

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Data Collection ◽

Health Surveys ◽

Public Mental Health ◽

World Health ◽

Quality Of Data ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Ottawa Scale

Background The World Health Organization has recognized the importance of assessing population-level mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. During a global crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, a timely surveillance method is urgently needed to track the impact on public mental health. Objective This brief systematic review focused on the efficiency and quality of data collection of studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We searched the PubMed database using the following search strings: ((COVID-19) OR (SARS-CoV-2)) AND ((Mental health) OR (psychological) OR (psychiatry)). We screened the titles, abstracts, and texts of the published papers to exclude irrelevant studies. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to evaluate the quality of each research paper. Results Our search yielded 37 relevant mental health surveys of the general public that were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, as of July 10, 2020. All these public mental health surveys were cross-sectional in design, and the journals efficiently made these articles available online in an average of 18.7 (range 1-64) days from the date they were received. The average duration of recruitment periods was 9.2 (range 2-35) days, and the average sample size was 5137 (range 100-56,679). However, 73% (27/37) of the selected studies had Newcastle-Ottawa Scale scores of <3 points, which suggests that these studies are of very low quality for inclusion in a meta-analysis. Conclusions The studies examined in this systematic review used an efficient data collection method, but there was a high risk of bias, in general, among the existing public mental health surveys. Therefore, following recommendations to avoid selection bias, or employing novel methodologies considering both a longitudinal design and high temporal resolution, would help provide a strong basis for the formation of national mental health policies.

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Osteoarthritis and the Mediterranean Diet: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10081030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1030 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Isabel Morales-Ivorra ◽

Montserrat Romera-Baures ◽

Blanca Roman-Viñas ◽

Lluis Serra-Majem

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cartilage Degradation ◽

Epidemiological Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

The Relationship

Osteoarthritis (OA) affects 240 million people globally. Few studies have examined the links between osteoarthritis and the Mediterranean diet (MD). The aim of this paper was to systematically review and analyze the epidemiological evidence in humans on the MD and its association with OA. A systematic search of EMBASE identified three studies that explored the association between MD and OA. Two of them were cross-sectional and the third one was a 16-week randomized clinical trial. Prisma declaration was followed to carry out this review. These studies described a positive association between a higher adherence to a MD and the quality of life of participants suffering OA. The prevalence of OA was lower in participants with a higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Biomarkers of inflammation and cartilage degradation related to OA were also analyzed and significant differences were detected only for IL1-α, which decreased in the MD group. Exploring the relationship between MD and OA is complex, moreover, the limited evidence and methodological differences in such studies makes it difficult to compare results. In conclusion, the three studies included in this systematic review demonstrated some relation between osteoarthritis and a Mediterranean diet. However, prospective and longer interventions are required to evaluate the long-term efficacy of the Mediterranean diet to improve symptomatology and preventing osteoarthritis.

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The relationship between depression and risk of metabolic syndrome: a meta‐analysis of observational studies

Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology ◽

10.1186/s40842-021-00117-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yousef Moradi ◽

Ahmed N Albatineh ◽

Hassan Mahmoodi ◽

Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Cross Sectional Studies ◽

The Relationship ◽

Ottawa Scale

Abstract Introduction The link between metabolic syndrome and depression has always been controversial. Different studies that have examined the relationship between metabolic syndrome and depression have reported different results. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to examine the association between depression and MetS by meta-analysis. Methods Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and ISI were searched for publications in English from January 1990 to February 2020. Search included cohort and cross-sectional studies aimed at examining the association between depression and MetS. The risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Heterogeneity and publication bias were tested, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were conducted. Results 49 studies with total sample size 399,494 were analyzed. Results indicated the odds of MetS was higher in depressed compared to non-depressed individuals [OR: 1.48; 95 %CI: 1.33–1.64) vs. (OR: 1.38; 95 %CI: 1.17–1.64)]. For cross-sectional studies, depressed patients in Europe (OR = 1.35; 95 %CI: 1.47–1.99) were at higher odds of MetS compared to those in America and Asia. For cohort studies, depressed patients in America (OR = 1.46; 95 %CI: 1.16–1.84) were at higher odds of MetS than those in Europe. Cross-sectional studies indicated women with depression were at higher odds of MetS (OR = 1.95; 95 %CI: 1.38–2.74) compared to men. In both types of studies, the odds of MetS decreased with age. Conclusions Metabolic syndrome is more common in depressed compared to non-depressed individuals.

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Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

10.1101/2020.07.04.20146381 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Arunmozhimaran Elavarasi ◽

Manya Prasad ◽

Tulika Seth ◽

Ranjit Kumar Sahoo ◽

Karan Madan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Randomized Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Quality Of Evidence ◽

Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽

Ecg Abnormalities ◽

Ottawa Scale

Background: There is no effective therapy for COVID-19. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ) have been used for its treatment but their safety and efficacy remain uncertain. Objective: We performed a systematic review to synthesize the available data on the efficacy and safety of CQ and HCQ for the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: Two reviewers searched for published and pre-published relevant articles between December 2019 to 8th June 2020. The data from the selected studies were abstracted and analyzed for efficacy and safety outcomes. Critical appraisal of the evidence was done by Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle Ottawa scale. The quality of evidence was graded as per the GRADE approach. Results: We reviewed 12 observational and 3 randomized trials which included 10659 patients of whom 5713 received CQ/HCQ and 4966 received only standard of care. The efficacy of CQ/HCQ for COVID-19 was inconsistent across the studies. Meta-analysis of included studies revealed no significant reduction in mortality with HCQ use [RR 0.98 95% CI 0.66-1.46] , time to fever resolution [mean difference -0.54 days (-1.19-011)] or clinical deterioration/development of ARDS with HCQ [RR 0.90 95% CI 0.47-1.71]. There was a higher risk of ECG abnormalities/arrhythmia with HCQ/CQ [RR 1.46 95% CI 1.04 to 2.06]. The quality of evidence was graded as very low for these outcomes. Conclusions: The available evidence suggests that CQ or HCQ does not improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19. Well-designed randomized trials are required for assessing the efficacy and safety of HCQ and CQ for COVID-19.

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