scholarly journals Treatment of iron overload syndrome: a general review

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1216-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeu Gonçalves de Lima ◽  
Fernanda Luna Neri Benevides ◽  
Flávio Lima Esmeraldo Filho ◽  
Igor Silva Farias ◽  
Diovana Ximenes Cavalcante Dourado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Hereditary Hemochromatosis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Iron Chelators ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Toxic Drugs ◽  
Oral Chelators

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Iron overload is a broad syndrome with a large spectrum of causative etiologies that lead to iron deposition. When iron exceeds defenses, it causes oxidative damage and tissular disfunction. Treatment may prevent organ dysfunction, leading to greater life expectancy. METHODS Literature from the last five years was reviewed through the use of the PubMed database in search of treatment strategies. DISCUSSION Different pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies are available for the treatment of iron overload and must be used according to etiology and patient compliance. Therapeutic phlebotomy is the basis for the treatment of hereditary hemochromatosis. Transfusional overload patients and those who cannot tolerate phlebotomy need iron chelators. CONCLUSION Advances in the understanding of iron overload have lead to great advances in therapies and new pharmacological targets. Research has lead to better compliance with the use of oral chelators and less toxic drugs.

Therapeutic Macromolecular Iron Chelators

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upendra Bulbake ◽  
Alka Singh ◽  
Abraham J. Domb ◽  
Wahid Khan
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Chelation Therapy ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Iron Chelators ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Single Living ◽  
Living Process

Iron is a key element for every single living process. On a fundamental level, targeting iron is a valuable approach for the treatment of disorders caused by iron overload. Utilizing iron chelators as therapeutic agents has received expanding consideration in chelation therapy. Approved low molecular weight (MW) iron chelators to treat iron overload may experience short half-lives and toxicities prompting moderately high adverse effects. In recent years, polymeric/macromolecular iron chelators have received attention as therapeutic agents. Polymeric iron chelators show unique pharmaceutical properties that are different to their conventional small molecule counterparts. These polymeric iron chelators possess longer plasma half-lives and reduced toxicities, thus exhibiting a significant supplement to currently using low MW iron chelator therapy. In this review, we have briefly discussed polymeric iron chelators and factors to be considered when designing clinically valuable iron chelators. We have also discussed applications of polymeric iron chelators in the diseases caused by iron overload associated with transfusional hemosiderosis, neurodegenerative disorders, malaria and cancer. With this, research findings for new polymeric iron chelators are also covered.

scholarly journals Dermatillomania: Strategies for Developing Protective Biomaterials/Cloth

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Priusha Ravipati ◽  
Bice Conti ◽  
Enrica Chiesa ◽  
Karine Andrieux
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorder ◽  
Physical Barrier ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Prevention Of Infections

Dermatillomania or skin picking disorder (SPD) is a chronic, recurrent, and treatment resistant neuropsychiatric disorder with an underestimated prevalence that has a concerning negative impact on an individual’s health and quality of life. The current treatment strategies focus on behavioral and pharmacological therapies that are not very effective. Thus, the primary objective of this review is to provide an introduction to SPD and discuss its current treatment strategies as well as to propose biomaterial-based physical barrier strategies as a supporting or alternative treatment. To this end, searches were conducted within the PubMed database and Google Scholar, and the results obtained were organized and presented as per the following categories: prevalence, etiology, consequences, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategies. Furthermore, special attention was provided to alternative treatment strategies and biomaterial-based physical treatment strategies. A total of six products with the potential to be applied as physical barrier strategies in supporting SPD treatment were shortlisted and discussed. The results indicated that SPD is a complex, underestimated, and underemphasized neuropsychiatric disorder that needs heightened attention, especially with regard to its treatment and care. Moreover, the high synergistic potential of biomaterials and nanosystems in this area remains to be explored. Certain strategies that are already being utilized for wound healing can also be further exploited, particularly as far as the prevention of infections is concerned.

scholarly journals 2380 Liver Cirrhosis of Unknown Etiology With Iron Overload in a Patient Heterozygous for Hereditary Hemochromatosis and Alpha-1 Antitrypsin

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. S1324-S1324
Author(s):  
Pinang Shastri ◽  
Sami Ghazaleh ◽  
Yasmin Khader ◽  
Zeinab Moussa ◽  
Christian Nehme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Hereditary Hemochromatosis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

scholarly journals Iron overload prevents oxidative damage to rat brain after chlorpromazine administration

BioMetals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natacha E. Piloni ◽  
Andres A. Caro ◽  
Susana Puntarulo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Rat Brain

scholarly journals Addressing Adherence to Treatment: A Longstanding Concern. The Health Care Professional

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-26
Author(s):  
Farrukh Shah
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Thalassaemia Major ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Adequate Provision

Today a patient born with thalassaemia major can expect to have a near normal life expectancy and remain free of complications of iron overload with good monitoring and excellent transfusion and chelation regimes. Unfortunately patients still develop complications as a consequence of iron overload including endocrinopathies and cardiac failure. The main reason behind this failure of effective treatment is inadequate treatment. This can be due to either clinician related factors, patient related factors or lack of adequate provision of medicines and services. In this short paper I will highlight where the challenges lie with regards adherence to treatment and suggest approaches to manage this.

Special conditions: kidney disease

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 947-950
Author(s):  
Drazenka Pongrac Barlovic ◽  
Per-Henrik Groop
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Microvascular Damage ◽  
Increased Risk

Kidney disease is one of the most common and important consequences of microvascular damage in diabetes. Its occurrence largely determines the increased risk of cardiovascular events and remarkably shortens life expectancy. Therefore, protecting the kidney is one of the main aims of patient care in diabetes and should be based on implementation of the intensive treatment of risk factors that promote its progression to prevent renal failure, and even more importantly, cardiovascular events. Very recently, some new therapies with a beneficial effect on renal disease have emerged; however, there is still plenty of room for additional innovative treatment strategies to prevent, arrest, treat, and reverse kidney disease caused by diabetes and its devastating consequences.

scholarly journals P932 What is new in the assessment of patients with hereditary hemochromatosis - can 2D speckle tracking echocardiography be helpful in the early detection of heart abnormalities?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Danilowicz-Szymanowicz ◽  
K Rozwadowska ◽  
M Swiatczak ◽  
K Sikorska ◽  
M Fijalkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Hereditary Hemochromatosis ◽  
Rotation Velocity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lv Dysfunction ◽  
Heart Abnormalities

Abstract Background Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a very common genetic disease. Abnormally increased intestinal iron absorption and accelerated recycling of iron lead to progressive body iron accumulation and the generation of oxidative stress in tissues. In the late stages iron overload of the heart can lead to the left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. It is believed, that two dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D STE) can evaluate LV dysfunction more accurately and earlier than conventional echocardiography. Evaluation of such assessment was the purpose of this paper. Methods We prospectively enrolled 58 patients with genetically confirmed HH; 29 healthy age- and sex-matched volunteers constituted the control group. Classic echocardiographic and 2D STE parameters (GE VIVID E9, EchoPAC v201) were compared between the groups, additionally correlations between echo and iron turnover parameters were performed. Results The HH patients had all standard echo parameters within the normal range. All 2D STE parameters were significantly worse in HH than in control group (Table 1). We did not find any correlation between echo and iron turnover parameters, whilst significant correlation with the time from diagnosis and the numbers of venesections was noticed. Conclusions Novel 2D STE analyzes seem to be helpful in early detection of heart abnormalities in HH patients. The correlations between the echo and iron indices are weak, allowing to suggest the lack of a "direct" relationship between the iron turnover and myocardial function and that myocardial iron overload is not the only mechanism involved in development of HH cardiomyopathy. HH All n = 58 Controls n = 29 p LAVI (ml/BSA) 31 (23-37) 22 (19-27) <0.001 RWT 0.42 (0.38-0.47) 0.38 (0.34-0.43) <0.003 LVMI (g/BSA) 78 (58-96) 66 (53-72) <0.006 E/Em 7.0 (5.6-8.3) 6.7 (5.0-7.5) 0.071 LVEF (%) 60 (54-62) 63 (61-65) <0.006 LV twist (º) 17.2 (13.1-22.2) 24.1 (19.9-32.1) <0.001 LV torsion (º/cm) 2.2 (1.6-2.9) 3.3 (2.7-4.3) <0.001 LV peak rotation velocity (º/s) 118.0 (88.3-146.3) 140.0 (112.7-168.9) <0.015 LV peak untwisting velocity (º/s) -132.0 (-163.5–93.0) -156.0 (-197.0–122.6) <0.039 Peak systolic longitudinal strain (%) -18.3 (-20.0–16.9) -21.0 (-22.0–19.3) <0.001

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