scholarly journals New mothers and their understanding about breast milk donation

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
Naiana Mota Buges ◽  
Karylleila dos Santos Andrade Klinger ◽  
Renata Junqueira Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Milk Bank ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Study

Abstract Objective: to analyze the understanding of mothers about the donation of human milk. Methods: a qualitative and quantitative study with 13 potential milk donors who answered a sociodemographic and obstetric background questionnaire, as well as a semi-structured interview guide on milk donation. Mothers were approached in the hospital environment, after delivery and the visit of the milk bank. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20.0 and NVivo 11 Starter. Results: the mean age was 24.62 ± 3.95 years; 84.6% had more than eleven years of formal education; 38.5% declared themselves housewives; 46.2% were in a stable union and 76.9% had an income of up to two minimum wages. Most of the mothers (69.2%) experienced previous pregnancy; 76.9% had 6 or more prenatal consultations and 62.5% had previously breastfed. The motivating factors of the donation were altruism; empathy with other mothers; recognition of the primacy of breast milk; the child's understanding of breast milk need; excess milk production and family support. Unawareness of the process, limited time available, and lack of transportation and collection points can make donation difficult. Conclusions: there was a desire for information and support for breastfeeding and donation, which made the donation act complex and distant from reality.

scholarly journals Motivation and retention of teachers in private secondary schools in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Anne Kariuki
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Employee Retention ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Human Resource Professional ◽  
Weak Relationship ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Retention Of Teachers ◽  
Major Hypothesis

Employee retention has become a key focus of the human resource professional agenda. Organizations and schools have come to the conclusion that money could be saved by reducing employee turnover. However, studies have been inconclusive on motivating factors that lower employee retention. The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of motivation on the retention of employees in secondary schools in Kenya. Based on an exhaustive review of literature, three constructs of motivation were taken into consideration namely management. The major hypothesis of the study was that motivation significantly influences the retention of teachers in private secondary schools. To test the hypothesis, three sub-hypotheses were developed; compensation significantly influences employee retention; supervision significantly influences employee retention and psychological contract significantly influences employee retention.  A mixed methodology approach was adopted and data was collected using a structured questionnaire and a structured interview guide. Descriptive statistics including frequencies, correlation analysis, and linear regression were applied to test the research hypotheses. The regression results indicate that motivation is causing a 7.0 percent variation in retention, implying a weak relationship. The weak relationship can be explained by poor salaries, authoritarian supervision, and breach of the psychological contract. 

scholarly journals Adoption of sawah eco-technology in rice production by farm households in Kebbi State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Cornelius I. Alarima ◽  
Joseph M. Awotunde ◽  
Comfort O. Adamu ◽  
Dare Akerele ◽  
Tsugiyuki Masunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Power Tiller ◽  
Area Data

AbstractThis study examined factors influencing the adoption of sawah technology in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Sawah refers to levelled rice field surrounded by banks with inlet and outlet for irrigation and drainage. Using pre-tested interview guide, data were collected from 300 sawah farmers in the study area. Data collected were analysed with both descriptive and inferential statistics using STATA package. The results showed that respondents were predominantly male, married and had no formal education. The mean age of was 48.13 years with mean household size of 14 persons; farm sizes ranged from 1–50 hectares with average of 4.70 ha, the mean yield was 6.88 tꞏha−1. The results further showed that bond construction had 100% adoption, nursery 99%, puddling 98%, flooding 95%, leveling and smoothening 94% and power tiller use 88% adoption. Adoption of sawah technology was influenced by socio economic characteristics which include sex, age, educational level, farm size, yield and income of the farmers. The study also showed that the attributes of sawah, production factors, information and extension and perception of respondent toward sawah technology influenced adoption. It is concluded that the sawah eco-technology is widely adopted by rice farmers in Kebbi State. The study therefore recommended that dissemination of sawah to other states in Nigeria need to consider factors that promote its adoption. Improvement of those factors that significantly affect adoption of sawah technology is also recommended.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Effects of Formal Education on Rural and Urban Families in Central Region of Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Opoku
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Urban Families ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
And Function

<p>This study sought to make a comparative analysis of the effects of formal education on rural and urban families in the Central Region of Ghana. The main objective of this research was to find out whether the changes that come as a result of formal education have strengthened or weakened the structure and function of the contemporary rural Watreso and urban Cape Coast families. Using a descriptive research design, the study employed a semi-structured interview guide and four focus group discussions to elicit data from a total of 49 respondents from Watreso in the Twifo-Hemang Lower- Denkyira District and three suburbs (Cape Coast Core, Abura and Adisadel settlements) all in the Cape Coast Metropolis. The findings of the study revealed that formal education has a significant effect on the contemporary rural Watreso and urban Cape Coast families which to some extent has strengthened the structure and function of these families. However, the study also revealed some challenges and changes that the contemporary rural (Watreso) and urban (Cape Coast) families have experienced in the wake of formal education. Enmity and hatred against rich members of the family have been a problem. It was recommended that well to do members freely help the needy members in their families.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of the poverty status of cashew farmers in Kogi State, Nigeria

Agrosearch ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
J.J. Pelemo ◽  
U. Mohammed ◽  
M. Omaku ◽  
S. Opara ◽  
V.C. Nnachukwu
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Poverty Measure ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
The Mean

The study examined the poverty status of cashew farmers in Kogi State, Nigeria. A sample size of 210 cashew farmers was selected using the Yamane formula. Structured interview schedule was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Foster Greer Thobecke model. The findings revealed that 94.3% of the cashew farmers were of the male gender. The mean age of cashew farmers was 54.6 years. The mean years spent in formal education among cashew farmers was seven years while the mean farm size of cashew farmers was 6.1 hectares. The average income of cashew farmers over a period of 12 months was N134,517.14 while the poverty line was N 89,678.09. The FGT poverty measure showed that 24.8% of cashew farmers were living below poverty line. The poverty depth was 23.14% while poverty severity was 8.7%. The major constraints faced by cashew farmers were poor storage facilities and inadequate capital. It is recommended that government should provide storage and processing facilities in order to minimize the loss encountered by cashew farmers. Good and accessible feeder roads should be constructed for farmers and relevant extension sevices on cashew production should be provided to increase cashew output Keywords: Poverty, Cashew, Farmers, Constraints

Construction of citizenship in hospitalized children, Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Fernando Ledesma Perez ◽  
Maria Caycho Avalos ◽  
Juana Cruz Montero ◽  
Andrea Ayala Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
The Individual

Citizenship is the exercise of the fundamental rights of people in spaces of participation, opinion and commitments, which can not be violated by any health condition in which the individual is. This research aims to interpret the process of construction of citizenship in hospitalized children, was developed through the qualitative approach, ethnomethodological method, synchronous design, with a sample of three students hospitalized in a health institute specializing in childhood, was used Observation technique and a semi-structured interview guide were obtained as results that hospitalized children carry out their citizenship construction in an incipient way, through the communication interaction they make with other people in the environment where they grow up.

Patients’ Perceptions of Caring and Uncaring Nursing Encounters in Inpatient Rehabilitation Settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C Cheruiyot ◽  
Petra Brysiewicz
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Being There

This study explores and describes caring and uncaring nursing encounters from the perspective of the patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation settings in South Africa. The researchers used an exploratory descriptive design. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data through individual interviews with 17 rehabilitation patients. Content analysis allowed for the analysis of textual data. Five categories of nursing encounters emerged from the analysis: noticing and acting, and being there for you emerged as categories of caring nursing encounters, and being ignored, being a burden, and deliberate punishment emerged as categories of uncaring nursing encounters. Caring nursing encounters make patients feel important and that they are not alone in the rehabilitation journey, while uncaring nursing encounters makes the patients feel unimportant and troublesome to the nurses. Caring nursing encounters give nurses an opportunity to notice and acknowledge the existence of vulnerability in the patients and encourage them to be present at that moment, leading to empowerment. Uncaring nursing encounters result in patients feeling devalued and depersonalised, leading to discouragement. It is recommended that nurses strive to develop personal relationships that promote successful nursing encounters. Further, nurses must strive to minimise the patients’ feelings of guilt and suffering, and to make use of tools, for example the self-perceived scale, to measure this. Nurses must also perform role plays on how to handle difficult patients such as confused, demanding and rude patients in the rehabilitation settings.

Perspectives of community members on homeless people with mental illness in Nsawam, Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402098419
Author(s):  
Kwamina Abekah-Carter ◽  
George Ofosu Oti
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Audio Data ◽  
Good Food

Background: Homelessness among people with mental illness has grown to become a common phenomenon in many developed and developing countries. Just like in any other country, the living conditions of homeless people with mental illness in Ghana are unwholesome. Despite the increased population of these vulnerable individuals on the streets, not much is known about the perspectives of the general public towards this phenomenon in Ghana. Aim: This research was conducted to explore the perspectives of community members on homeless people with mental illness. The main study objectives were (a) to find out the impacts of the presence of persons with mental illness on the streets and (b) to ascertain the reasons accounting for homelessness among persons with mental illness. Method: Utilizing a qualitative research design, twenty community members were sampled from selected suburbs in Nsawam and interviewed with the use of a semi-structured interview guide. The audio data gathered from the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results: Majority of the participants asserted that homeless people with mental illness had no access to good food, shelter, and health care. They further stated that some homeless people with mental illness perpetrated physical and sexual violence against the residents. Moreover, the participants believed that persons with mental illness remained on the streets due to neglect by their family members, and limited access to psychiatric services. Conclusion: This paper concludes by recommending to government to make mental health services accessible and affordable to homeless persons with mental illness nationwide.

scholarly journals Osteopontin Levels in Human Milk Are Related to Maternal Nutrition and Infant Health and Growth

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2670
Author(s):  
Aysegül Aksan ◽  
Izzet Erdal ◽  
Siddika Songül Yalcin ◽  
Jürgen Stein ◽  
Gülhan Samur
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
System Development ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Immune System Development ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pregnancy Weight

Background: Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycosylated phosphoprotein found in human tissues and body fluids. OPN in breast milk is thought to play a major role in growth and immune system development in early infancy. Here, we investigated maternal factors that may affect concentrations of OPN in breast milk, and the possible associated consequences for the health of neonates. Methods: General characteristics, health status, dietary patterns, and anthropometric measurements of 85 mothers and their babies were recorded antenatally and during postnatal follow-up. Results: The mean concentration of OPN in breast milk was 137.1 ± 56.8 mg/L. Maternal factors including smoking, BMI, birth route, pregnancy weight gain, and energy intake during lactation were associated with OPN levels (p < 0.05). Significant correlations were determined between body weight, length, and head circumference, respectively, and OPN levels after one (r = 0.442, p = < 0.001; r = −0.284, p = < 0.001; r = −0.392, p = < 0.001) and three months (r = 0.501, p = < 0.001; r = −0.450, p = < 0.001; r = −0.498, p = < 0.001) of lactation. A negative relation between fever-related infant hospitalizations from 0–3 months and breast milk OPN levels (r = −0.599, p < 0.001) was identified. Conclusions: OPN concentrations in breast milk differ depending on maternal factors, and these differences can affect the growth and immune system functions of infants. OPN supplementation in infant formula feed may have benefits and should be further investigated.

Primary or Redo Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty without a Stoma: To Feed or Not to Feed?

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 150-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Skerrit ◽  
Alexander Dingemans ◽  
Victoria Lane ◽  
Alejandra Sanchez ◽  
Laura Weaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Wound Complication ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Age At Surgery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Picc Line

Introduction Repair of anorectal malformations (ARMs), primarily or with a reoperation, may be performed in certain circumstances without a diverting stoma. Postoperatively, the passage of bulky stool can cause wound dehiscence and anastomotic disruption. To avoid this, some surgeons keep patients NPO (nothing by mouth) for a prolonged period. Here, we report the results of a change to our routine from NPO for 7 days to clear fluids or breast milk. Materials and Methods After primary or redo ARM surgery, patients given clear liquids were compared to those who were kept strictly NPO. Age, indication for surgery, incision type, use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line, and wound complications were recorded. Results There were 52 patients, including 15 primary and 37 redo cases. Group 1 comprised 11 female and 15 male patients. The mean age at surgery was 4.9 years (standard deviation [SD]: 2.3). There were 8 primary cases and 18 redo cases. Twelve (46.6%) received a PICC line. The average start of clear liquids was on day 5.3 (SD: 2.2) after examination of the wound, and the diet advanced as tolerated. The first stool passage was recorded on average on day 2.3 (SD: 1.3). Four minor wound complications and no major wound complications occurred.Group 2 comprised 14 females and 12 male patients. The mean age at surgery was 3.5 (SD: 2.4) years. There were 7 primary and 19 redo cases. One (3.8%) patient required a PICC line. A clear liquid diet was started within 24 hours after surgery. A regular diet was started on average on day 5.8 (SD: 1.3). The first stool passage was recorded on an average of day 1.6 (SD: 0.9). Three minor wound complications occurred; however, there was no significant difference between the two groups (SD: 0.71). One major wound complication occurred. However, there was no significant difference in major wound complications between the groups (SD: 0.33). Conclusion No increase in wound problems was noted in children receiving clear liquids or breast milk compared with the strict NPO group, and PICC line use was reduced. We believe this change in practice simplifies postoperative care without increasing the risk of wound complications.

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