scholarly journals Bioavailability of phosphorus from composts and struvite in acid soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmo Horta
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Total P

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the type and fractions of phosphorus (P) forms in composts and struvite and how these P forms affect the bioavailability of P in the soil. P fertilization was performed with compost from sewage sludge (CSS), compost from poultry litter (CPL) and struvite (SV) and compared with single superphosphate (SSP). P forms were quantified through a sequential fractionation scheme. The first extraction was performed with H2O, the second with 0.5 M NaHCO3, the third with 0.1 M NaOH and the fourth with 1 M HCl. The release of P over time, after soil P fertilization, was assessed by incubating the fertilizers with a low-P acid soil. P bioavailability was assessed through a micro-pot experiment with the incubated soils in a growth chamber using rye plants (Secale cereale L.). Inorganic P forms in the first two fractions represented ~50% (composts), 32% (SV) and 86% (SSP) of the total P; and in the HCl fraction, ~40% (composts), 26% (SV) and 13% (SSP) of the total P. Despite the variability of the P form fractions in the composts and struvite, the P release and bioavailability were similar among the fertilized treatments. The acidic nature of the soil, which improve solubility of Ca-P forms, and the high efficiency of rye, which favors P uptake, were factors that contributed to these results.

Soil phosphorus depletion capacity of arbuscular mycorrhizae formed by maize hybrids

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Liu ◽  
C. Hamel ◽  
S. H. Begna ◽  
B. L. Ma ◽  
D. L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Total P ◽  
Extractable Soil

The ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to help their host plant absorb soil P is well known, but little attention has been paid to the effect of AM fungi on soil P depletion capacity. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess, under different P levels, the effects of mycorrhizae on extractable soil P and P uptake by maize hybrids with contrasting phenotypes. The experiment had three factors, including two mycorrhizal treatments (mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal), three P fertilizer rates (0, 40, and 80 mg kg-1) and three maize hybrids [leafy normal stature (LNS), leafy reduced stature (LRS) and a conventional hybrid, Pioneer 3979 (P3979)]. Extractable soil P was determined after 3, 6 and 9 wk of maize growth. Plant biomass, P concentration and total P content were also determined after 9 wk of growth. Fertilization increased soil extractable P, plant biomass, P concentration in plants and total P uptake. In contrast to P3979, the LNS and LRS hybrids had higher biomass and total P content when mycorrhizal. Mycorrhizae had less influence on soil extractable P than on total P uptake by plants. The absence of P fertilization increased the importance of AM fungi for P uptake, which markedly reduced soil extractable P under AM plants during growth. This effect was strongest for LNS, the most mycorrhizae-dependent hybrid, intermediate for LRS, and not significant for the commercial hybrid P3979, which did not respond to AM inoculation. Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, extraradical hyphae, maize hybrid,plant biomass, P uptake, soil extractable P

scholarly journals Phosphorus Uptake and Utilization Efficiency in Peanut1

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
P Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
Total P

Abstract Cultivars of a crop can differ genetically with respect to their uptake, translocation, accumulation, and use of phosphorus. The objective of this paper was to evaluate genetic variation for P uptake and utilization among peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes. Several traits contribute to the total P efficiency of the genotype, including root length, rate of P uptake per unit root length, leaf and pod characters such as P accumulation, and dry matter/yield produced per unit P absorbed [i.e., P efficiency ratio (PER)]. Peanut genotypes with increased P uptake and higher PER were identified. Some genotypes sustained higher PER at both low and high soil P availabilities.

scholarly journals Lettuce Response to Phosphorus Fertilization in High P soils

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 795E-796
Author(s):  
P.R. Johnstone ◽  
T.K. Hartz*
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Salinas Valley ◽  
P Application ◽  
Resin Membrane

Heavy P fertilization of vegetable crops in the Salinas Valley of California have increased soil P levels, with > 50 mg·kg-1 bicarbonate-extractable P (Pbc) now common. To evaluate the response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to P fertilization in fields with elevated soil P levels, 12 trials were conducted in commercial fields during 2002-2003. Pbc at the trial sites varied from 53-171 mg·kg-1. In each trial four replicate plots receiving the growers' P application were compared with paired plots in which no P was applied. Leaf P was monitored at cupping stage and at harvest. At harvest mean whole plant mass and % of marketable plants were recorded. The correlation of Pbc to bioavailable P (Pba) was evaluated using 30 representative Salinas Valley soils; Pbc varied among these soils from 15-177 mg·kg-1. Pba was estimated by P adsorption on an anion resin membrane during a 16 h incubation. The effect of temperature on P bioavailability in 6 of these soils was estimated by conducting the Pba incubation at 5, 15 and 25 °C. A significant increase in lettuce yield with P fertilization was achieved at only one trial site, a spring planting where Pbc was 54 mg kg-1 ; at all other sites, including 3 with Pbc < 60 mg kg-1, P application resulted in no agronomic benefit. P application resulted in only a marginal increase in plant P uptake. Pba was highly correlated with Pbc (r = 0.89). Pba increased approximately 40% across soils with each 10 °C increase in soil temperature.

scholarly journals Cow Manure Application Cuts Chemical Phosphorus Fertilizer Need in Silage Rice in Japan

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1483
Author(s):  
Thanh Tung Nguyen ◽  
Yuka Sasaki ◽  
Mitsuhiko Katahira ◽  
Dhirendranath Singh
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Total P

Cow manure is a good source of phosphorus (P). Here, we investigated whether the amount of P fertilizer can be reduced when cow manure is applied to paddy soil based on growth, P uptake, yield, and soil P status evaluation. Treatments included unfertilized control (CK); manure plus chemical nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and P fertilizer (MNK P); MNK and 75% P (MNK ¾ P); MNK and 50% P (MNK ½ P); MNK and 25% P (MNK ¼ P); and MNK. Manure was applied at the rate of 10 t ha−1 in fresh weight base. The P fertilizer was applied at 34.9 kg P ha−1 as full dose. Treatment with MNK resulted in the same growth, P uptake, and yield as that with the P fertilizer. P uptake and yield did not respond to P input from chemical fertilizer owing to high soil Olsen P levels. Moreover, MNK could maintain soil Olsen P and total P. Manure application resulted in a positive partial P balance. These results suggest that manure application can cut P fertilizer requirements in P-rich soils, while maintaining soil P for optimal rice growth and yield. By using cow manure in rice production, farmers can conserve finite P resources.

scholarly journals A Poultry Litter-Derived Organomineral Phosphate Fertilizer Has Higher Agronomic Effectiveness Than Conventional Phosphate Fertilizer Applied to Field-Grown Maize and Soybean

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11635
Author(s):  
Joaquim José Frazão ◽  
Vinicius de Melo Benites ◽  
Vitor Mateus Pierobon ◽  
João Victor Schiavon Ribeiro ◽  
José Lavres
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Agronomic Effectiveness ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Inadequate disposal of poultry litter (PL) may promote eutrophication of water bodies due to its high nutrient content, including phosphorus (P). Thus, recycling P from PL to produce organomineral fertilizer (OMF), reduces the dependence on finite mineral P reserves, and also reduces P losses from soil. In this context, a field experiment was carried out to assess the agronomic effectiveness of a granular PL-derived OMF applied to maize and soybean in a highly weathered tropical soil. OMF was compared to single superphosphate (SSP) at five P rates between 0 and 70 kg ha−1. The shoot dry weight (SDW) and grain yields of soybean and maize were affected by P rates; however, no difference between OMF and SSP was found. A similar trend was observed for soil P and P uptake. The leaf P content and soil pH were not affected by either P sources or P rates. Although there was no difference between OMF and SSP on the crop yields, OMF had the highest relative agronomic effectiveness based on the SDW. These results show that the production of granular OMF from PL is a viable alternative to conventional P fertilizers and reduces the dependence of mineral P reserves.

Effect of long-term phosphorus fertilization on soil phosphorus fractions .

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Crisitna Zamuner ◽  
Andrea Beatriz Díez ◽  
Liliana Inés Picone
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Total P ◽  
Bray 1 ◽  
Low Rate

A limitation to crop production in the southeast of the Buenos Aires province (Argentina) is the low phosphorus (P) availability. P fertilization is required for high yields. The objective of this work was to quantify the forms of soil P as affected by different P fertilization strategies after 8 years under wheat. The combination of high rate (H; 176 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup>), low rate (L; 88 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup>), single application (S; at the beginning of the experiment), and fractionated application (F; annual fertilization of 22 and 11 kg P ha<sup>-1</sup>) were evaluated. Soil total P, total inorganic P, total organic P, organic (Po) and inorganic (Pi) extractable with NaHCO<sub>3</sub> and NaOH, were determined, plus available P (P-Bray 1). Fertilization did not change the total P or the total Po (344 and 412 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively). Fertilized treatment, compared with a non-fertilized one, increased the concentration of Pi-NaHCO<sub>3</sub> (14.49 and 7.62 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup>) and Pi-NaOH (47.13 and 28.37 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup>). The H rate increased the Pi extracted with NaHCO<sub>3</sub> (13.16 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup>) and with NaOH (53.82 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup>) compared with the L rate (9.82 and 40.43 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup>, respectively). The FH rate increased the concentration of Pi-NaOH (59.55 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup>) compared to SH (48.10 mg P kg<sup>-1</sup>), while the low rate produced no changes in this fraction. In summary, when the amount of P added was fractioned and exceeded the quantity removed by crop, the excess was converted mainly to Pi-NaOH. A positive and significant correlation (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.95; P &lt; 0.001) between the sum of Pi-NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, Pi- NaOH and P-Bray 1 was established.

scholarly journals Effects of Amending Phosphatic Fertilizers with Clinoptilolite Zeolite on Phosphorus Availability and Its Fractionation in an Acid Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3162
Author(s):  
Nur Aainaa Hasbullah ◽  
Osumanu Haruna Ahmed ◽  
Nik Muhamad Ab Majid
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Use Efficiency

Soils of the tropics are highly weathered, acidic, and low in phosphorus (P) because of high contents of Al and Fe. Satisfactory P supply is essential to ensure optimum soil and crop productivity. Thus, there is a need for amending soils with zeolite to improve availability of P in acid soils as this mineral can fix Fe and Al instead of P. This study was undertaken to determine the transformations of P fertilizers in acid soils following application of Clinoptilolite zeolite (CZ) in laboratory (incubation) and pot trials. An acid soil was incubated with a recommended fertilization rate and a reduced amount of the existing recommended fertilization by 25% but substituting this reduction with an equivalent amount of CZ. Triple superphosphate (TSP), Egypt Rock phosphate (ERP), and Christmas Island Rock phosphate (CIRP) were used as P sources. Selected soil chemical properties, inorganic P fractions, available P, and total P of the native soil were determined before and after the laboratory and pot trials. Zea mays L. (test crop) plant dry matter production, P concentration, P uptake, and P use efficiency were also determined using standard procedures. Effects of the treatments with CZ compared to the recommended fertilization on P fixation were similar. In the laboratory study, the treatments with TSP showed lower dominance of Fe–P but more pronounced in Al–P, whereas for the RPs, Ca–P was dominant. In the pot study, Al–P, Ca–P, and Fe–P were rather pronounced in the treatments with TSP, ERP, and CIRP, respectively. There was a decrease in exchangeable Al and soil titratable acidity because of the ability of the CZ to increase soil pH. Although the availability of P was not significant with the inclusion of CZ in the incubation study, dry matter production, P concentration, P uptake, and P use efficiency in the pot trial were comparable with that of the existing/recommended fertilization, suggesting that the CZ is beneficial and could be used to reduce the P fertilizer requirement for Zea mays L. cultivation on acid soils. Regardless of type of P fertilizer, prevalence of the moderately labile P fractions (Al–P, Fe–P, and Ca–P) of the incubation and pot studies acted as slow-release P sources to contribute to long-term P release. Further studies on the potential of CZ to reduce fertilization and its effects on soil and crop productivity are essential. It is also important to determine the economic benefits of including CZ in Zea mays L. cultivation.

scholarly journals Phosphorus acquisition by barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) at suboptimal soil temperature

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari Ylivainio ◽  
Tommi Peltovuori
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Acquisition ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Content ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
L Value

We studied the effects of soil temperature (8 ºC and 15 ºC) on barley growth, barley phosphorus (P) uptake and soil P solubility. Barley was grown in a pot experiment in two soils with different P fertilization histories for 22 years. The availability of P was estimated by using 33P-labeled fertilizer and calculating L-values. After cultivation for 22 years at ambient soil temperature without P fertilization (-P), soil L-value had decreased compared to soil that received annual P fertilization (P+). Low soil temperature further reduced the L-values, more in the -P soil than in the +P soil. Our results demonstrated that P fertilization can only partially ameliorate poor growth at low soil temperatures. Thus, applying ample fertilization to compensate for poor growth at low soil temperatures would increase the P content and solubility in the soil, but plant uptake would remain inhibited by cold.

scholarly journals A Dual Isotope Protocol to Separate the Contributions to Phosphorus Content of Maize Shoots and Soil Phosphorus Fractions from Biosolids, Fertilizer and Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
JEAN DAVIS ◽  
RICHARD J FLAVEL ◽  
GRAEME BLAIR
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Dual Isotope ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Biosolids Application ◽  
Total P

Separation of the phosphorus (P) contributions from soil, fertilizer and biosolids to plants has not been possible without the aid of radioisotopes. Dual labelling of soil with 32P and fertilizer with 33P isotopes has been used to partition the sources of P in maize (Zea mays) shoots and in soil P pools. Biosolids containing 4.1% P that had been prepared using Fe and Al were applied to a Kurosol soil from Goulburn, NSW, Australia. The biosolids were applied at five rates up to 60 dry t/ha with and without P fertilizer. Phosphorus derived from fertilizer was determined directly with33 P and that from soil by32 P reverse dilution. Phosphorus derived from biosolids was estimated as the difference between total P and that derived from the soil plus fertilizer calculated from isotope data. Yield and P content of maize shoots increased linearly with the rate of biosolidsapplication. The proportion of P in the plant derived from biosolids also increased with application rate up to 88% for the soil receiving biosolids at 60 dry t/ha with no fertilizer. The corresponding value with fertilizer applied at 80 kg P/ha was 69%. The proportion of P in the maize shoots derived from soil and fertilizer decreased as biosolids application rate increased. Soil total P, bicarbonate extractable P, Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P increased with biosolids application rate. The increase in plant P uptake and in bicarbonate extractable P in the soil shows that biosolids P provides a readily available source of P. A decrease in uptake of fertilizer and soil P with increasing biosolids application is attributed to the decrease in the proportion of P from these sources in the total pool of available P, rather than to immobilization of P by Fe and Al in the biosolids.

scholarly journals Meat and bone meal and biosolids as slow-release phosphorus fertilizers

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Bøen ◽  
Trond Knapp Haraldsen
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Npk Fertilization

Biosolids and meat and bone meal (MBM) are commonly used as fertilizers in agriculture, often at application rates where total phosphorus (P) far exceeds the annual demand. In a pot experiment, three biosolids and two types of MBM were tested at two commonly used application rates. Their contributions to P uptake in ryegrass (second and third season) were compared with annual mineral P fertilization. The soil was analysed for extractable P (PAL and POlsen). Only soil amended with digested, limed biosolids provided a P uptake in ryegrass the third season comparable to annual NPK fertilization. Bone-rich MBM had considerable contributions to third season P uptake in soil with pH < 6. The product application rates did not influence P uptake significantly for any of the products. POlsen was found suitable to describe residual effects on soil P solubility, whereas the PAL-method was not applicable for MBM fertilized soils.

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