NITROGEN RATES AND RESIDUAL EFFECT OF CO-INOCULATION OF SOYBEAN ON MAIZE PLANTS

ABSTRACT Co-inoculation consists of using microorganism combinations with synergic effect that surpass the results obtained with their use alone. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of inoculation and co-inoculation on soybean plants, and their residual effect on maize plants grown intercropped with ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis), under different N fertilizer rates. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the Mato Grosso State University, Alta Floresta campus, in a Typic Hapludox. A randomized block design was used for the soybean crops; the treatments consisted of Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculated single, or co-inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense, with 20 replications. A randomized block design in a strip-plot arrangement was used for the winter maize-ruzigrass intercrop (WMRI); the treatments consisted of combination of residual effect of inoculation and co-inoculation in the strips, and five N fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1) in plots with WMRI, with four replications. The co-inoculation of soybean seeds and its residual effect on the maize crops increased the root dry weight of plants of both crops; however, no increases were found for most vegetative and reproductive characteristics of maize plants. Yield and most characteristics evaluated had increasing linear responses to increases in N rates, indicating the plants could respond to rates above 200 kg ha-1.

Download Full-text

Okra seedlings production in protected environment, testing substrates and producing fruits in field

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362013000100002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 08-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Edilson Costa ◽

Taynara G de Souza ◽

Gleciane de L Benteo ◽

Katiane SS Benett ◽

Cleiton GS Benett

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

State University ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Hot Weather ◽

Favorable Conditions ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

The okra grows well in hot weather, finding favorable conditions for development in Brazil. We evaluated the production of okra seedlings and productivity. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, in Aquidauana. In the seedling phase we tested substrates (100% triturated cassava stems, 75% triturated cassava stems and 25% vermiculite, 50% triturated cassava stems and 50% vermiculite, 25% triturated cassava stems and 75% vermiculite and 100% vermiculite). These substrates were placed in two protected environments (nursery with black screen, 50% of shading, and aluminized screen, 50% of shading). Each environment was considered an experiment conducted in completely randomized design with eight replications. After that we realized joint analysis. In the field, a total of 10 treatments generated from combinations of environments and substrates (2 environments x 5 substrates) were distributed in a randomized block design with four replications. The average proportions of cassava stems and vermiculite may be suitable for okra seedlings. The results of shoot and total dry phytomass indicate that the aluminized screen can be recommended for okra seedlings production when the substrate with a 1:1 ratio is used. Seedlings grown on higher percentages of vermiculite anticipate production, while seedlings produced only in cassava stems tend to slow it down. The aluminized screen tends to increase the yield of okra seedlings. Average proportions of vermiculite and cassava stems for seedling production under aluminized screen, provide more fruits and yield of okra in Aquidauana.

Download Full-text

Determination of the Optimum Rate of N Fertilizers with Addition of Goat Manure for Production of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp)

Journal of Tropical Crop Science ◽

10.29244/jtcs.6.02.121-128 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (02) ◽

pp. 121-128

Author(s):

Devi Liana ◽

Heni Purnamawati ◽

Maya Melati ◽

Yudiwanti Wahyu

Keyword(s):

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Optimum Rate ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Goat Manure ◽

100 Seed Weight

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is one of the potential substitutes of soybean due to its similar nutritional content. This study aims to determine the optimum rate of N fertilizer for the production of cowpea, and to determine the effects of the interaction between N fertilizer rates and goat manure application on cowpea production. The experiment was organized in a split-plot with a complete randomized block design with three replications. The main plot was goat manure, i.e. 0 and 5 tons.ha-1; the sub-plot was nitrogen fertilizer with five rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200% of the recommended rate), i.e. 0, 22.5, 45, 67.5, and 90 kg N.ha-1. Application of N fertilizer reduced the 100-seed weight and slightly reduced cowpea yield and yield components. Application of goat manure increased seed dry weight per plant, number of pods per plant, dry pod weight per plant, seed dry weight per m2, productivity, 100-seed weight, and the harvest index. There was no significant interaction between goat manure and different rates of nitrogen in affecting cowpea growth.

Download Full-text

Residual Effect of Weed Management Practices Executed in Preceding Maize on Succeeding Greengram

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4477 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

B. Sandhya Rani ◽

V. Chandrika ◽

G. Prabhakara Reddy ◽

P. Sudhakar ◽

K.V. Nagamadhuri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Cropping System ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Microbial Count ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Weed Infestation

Background: Maize followed by summer pulses is the emerging cropping system in many places in India. Herbicides are the efficient tools for checking weed infestation and their usage is increasing throughout the globe due to increased labour cost and quick weed control. Some herbicides do not degrade quickly and may remain in the soil for weeks, months or years after application and may inhibit the growth of succeeding crops. Methods: Field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) during rabi and summer seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 to know the residual effect of different herbicides applied in maize on succeeding greengram. Result: The present study revealed that lower density and dry weight of total weeds and higher yield attributes and yield was recorded with the practice of adopting two hand weedings at 15 and 30 DAS, which was however, at par with atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb one HW at 30 DAS, atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb topramezone 30 g ha-1 as PoE and atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb tembotrione 120 g ha-1 as PoE, without any significant disparity among them. Herbicides applied in maize did not alter statistically the enzyme activity and microbial count in the soil at harvest of succeeding greeengram.

Download Full-text

Pengaruh Herbisida Metil Metsulfuron dan Kombinasinya pada Pengendalian Gulma Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.)

JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI ◽

10.24014/ja.v11i2.8205 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Muhammad Aziz Setiawan ◽

Sismita Sari ◽

Mirodi Syofian

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Weed Control ◽

Block Design ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Community Coefficient

Weed control must use the right dose of herbicide so as not to leave a residual effect on cultivated plants and soil. This study ains to obtain the most appropriate dose of herbicide. Herbicide used in this study were methyl methulfuron and acetic acid combined. This study used a randomized block design (RCBD) witch 2 factors, factor A was asetic acid and factor B was methyl methulfuron and there were 12 treatment combinations with 3 replications. This research was conducted in the practicum of the Departement of Plantation Plant Cultivation, Lampung State Polytechnic. The total research plot was 36 experimentals units. The dosage levels levels of methyl methulfuron tested in this study were: 0%, 55%, 75%, and 105%. While the dose of acetic acid is: 0%, 50%, and 70%. Observations made in this study were weed vegetation analysis, weed cover percent, weed dry weight, Summed Dominance Ratio (SDR), and Community Coefficient Value (C). SDR values indicate that Panicum dicotomyflorum weed, Ricardia brasiliensis, Euphorbia heterophyla, and Cyperus rotundus are the dominant weeds. The results of this study indicate that there is no effect on the dose of methyl methulfuron herbicide, acetic acid, and interactions on methyl methulfuron herbicide and acetic acid on weed control in sugarcane fields (Saccharum officinarum L.).

Download Full-text

The Effect of Ammonium Nitrate Ratio and Support Types on the NPK Uptake and Growth of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in Field Conditions

Poljoprivreda ◽

10.18047/poljo.27.2.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 25-33

Author(s):

Issukindarsyah Issukindarsyah ◽

◽

Endang Sulistyaningsih ◽

DidikIndradewa Indradewa ◽

Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Black Pepper ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Piper Nigrum ◽

Pepper Plant ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Npk Uptake

The study’s objective was to determine the effect of the NO3-: NH4+ratio and types of support on NPK uptake and pepper plant growth in field conditions. The study used a completely randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was the type of support, being the deadwood and living supports in the form of Gliricidia sp. and Ceiba pentandra. The second factor was the ratio of N fertilizer forms, which were 100% NO3-, 100% NH4+, 50% NO3-:50% NH4+, 75% NO3-:25% NH4+ and 25% NO3-:75% NH4+. The results have demonstrated that the uptake of N, P, and K, as well as the plant growth, were not affected by the interaction of the N fertilizer form ratio with the types of support. In field conditions, the black pepper prefers the N fertilizer in the form of 50% NO3-:50% NH4+. The pepper plants that were given N fertilizer in a combination of 50% NO3-:50% NH4+ have demonstrated an N, P, and K uptake, and morphology and plant dry weight were higher than the ratio of other forms of N fertilizers.

Download Full-text

Perbedaan Kebutuhan Nitrogen untuk Produksi Kedelai di Tanah Mineral dan Mineral Bergambut Dengan Budidaya Jenuh Air

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan ◽

10.21082/jpptp.v35n3.2016.p217-227 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 217 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bachtiar ◽

Munif Ghulamahdi ◽

Maya Melati ◽

Dwi Guntoro ◽

Atang Sutandi

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

Mineral Soil ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Land Type ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Soybean Plants

Development of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) in tidal land are faced with problems physical, chemical and biological soil properties, such as high organic matter, high soil acidity, toxicity of Fe and Al, and deficiency of nutrients N, P , K, Ca and Mg. N content is high (> 0.51%) but with low availability. The research objective is to determine the dose and timing of N, P and K application in accordance with the needs of soybean plants to have optimally growth and production in mineral and peaty mineral soil in tidal land. The research was conducted in mineral and peaty mineral soil of tidal land type C and B, District of Tanjung Lago, Banyuasin Regency, Province of South Sumatra from April to August 2014. The model is linear using split plots in a randomized block design. Varieties of Willis and Tanggamus were used for nitrogen application experiment. The time of fertilizer application is at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after planting (WAP), 2, 3, 4 and 5 WAP, and 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 WAP. The concentration of nitrogen is 7,5; 10; 12,5 and 15 g/l water with spraying volume of 400 l/ha. In the mineral soil, dry weight of nodules and Willis biomass increased with increasing frequency time of fertilization, otherwise Tanggamus more fluctuating and declined at higher frequency of fertilization. Wilis variety generating the highest production of 3,5 ton/ha. In the peaty mineral soil, dry weight of nodules and biomass were not significant. Willis productivity tends to decrease with increasing nitrogen concentrations. Tanggamus productivity tends to increase with increasing nitrogen concentration at all level of time fertilization. Tanggamus tend to generate higher productivity of 3,2 ton/ha.

Download Full-text

Pertumbuhan Batang Pada Beberapa Varietas Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr) Terhadap Jenis Tanah Aluvial, Regosol Dan Latosol

STIGMA: Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Unipa ◽

10.36456/stigma.13.1.2419.24-32 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (01) ◽

pp. 24-32

Author(s):

Kurniawan M.R.D ◽

P. S. Ajiningrum

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Stem Length ◽

Test Results ◽

Hypocotyl Length ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Types ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Soybean Plants

This study aims to determine the growth of 10 superior soybean varieties planted in 3 different types of soil (alluvial, regosol and latosol) and to find out whether the 3 types of soil give an effect to the growth of 10 superior soybean varieties viewed from 4 parameters (hypocotyl length, length epicotiles, stem length and stem dry weight).This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 10 varieties of soybean plants (anjasmoro, argomulyo, detam 1, detam 3 prida, detam 4 prida, detap 1, devon 1, devon 2, yellow gepak and deja 1) and 3 types of soil (alluvial, regosol, and latosol) was repeated 2 times. Data were analyzed using the two-way ANAVA 5% test and the 5% DMRT test. The results showed a significant difference in soybean growth. The best soybean varieties in hypocotyl length are Devon 2, in epicotile length are Anjasmoro, Devon 1 and Devon 2, the stem length and dry weight of the stem are Detap 1. The DMRT test results state that all three soil types (alluvial, regosol and latosol) have influence on the parameters of hypocotyl length and epicotyl length, whereas the parameters of stem length and plant dry weight have no effect. Keywords: Soybean, Variety, Growing test

Download Full-text

APLICAÇÃO CONJUNTA DE MICRONUTRIENTE (Mn) E FUNGICIDA EM CULTIVO DE SOJA

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v6i1.4664 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 09

Author(s):

Luis Augusto Di Loreto Di Raimo ◽

Alexandra De Paiva Soares ◽

Ricardo Santos Silva Amorim ◽

Diana Medina Espinoza ◽

Wellington De Azambuja Magalhães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Block Design ◽

Manganese Content ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Phenological Stage ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Productive Systems

Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de manganês misturado ao fungicida, em plantas de soja. O experimento foi realizado na fazenda Beija-flor, município de Jaciara, estado de Mato Grosso. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial com parcela adicional (3x2+1) e quatro repetições. Foram aplicadas três doses de manganês (50, 100 e 150 g ha-1), com duas caldas de aplicação (manganês e manganês + fungicida), quando as plantas encontravam-se em estádio vegetativo e apresentavam 9 trifolíos completamente desenvolvidos (v10). Na parcela adicional (controle) foi aplicado apenas fungicida, também no estádio fenológico v10. As características avaliadas foram altura de plantas, massa de mil grãos, produtividade e teor de manganês foliar. Não ocorreram interações significativas entre os fatores avaliados. A produtividade não foi alterada pelas misturas realizadas, porém, apresentou diferenças significativas em função das doses de manganês, sendo a melhor dose equivalente a 100 g ha-1. A parcela adicional diferiu estatisticamente dos tratamentos que receberam as doses de 50 e 150 g ha-1 (sem fungicida) para a variável massa de mil grãos, e do tratamento que recebeu a dose de 100 g ha-1 de manganês misturado ao fungicida, para a produtividade de grãos. Conclui-se que a aplicação de manganês em mistura com fungicida não influenciou nas características agronômicas das plantas de soja avaliadas, apresentando-se como uma alternativa para diminuição de custos operacionais de aplicação em cultivos comerciais.Palavra-chave: Glycine max (L.) Merrill, antagonismo, produtividade, sinergismo. COMBINING MICRONUTRIENT (MN) AND FUNGICIDE APPLICATIONS IN SOY BEAN PRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of manganese together with fungicide in soybean plants. The experiment was carried on Beija-flor farm, in municipality of Jaciara, Mato Grosso state. The experimental design used was randomized block design in a factorial arrangement with an additional plot (3x2+1) and four replications. Three manganese doses were applied (50, 100 and 150 g ha-1), with two application mixtures (manganese and manganese + fungicide), at vegetative stage, when the plants had 9 leafs (v10). On the aditional plot (control) only fungicide was applied, also phenological stage v10. The plant height, the mass of a thousand grains, the manganese content in the leaf and the yield, were the variables used to evaluate the effect of the applications. There were no significant interactions between the evaluated factors. Productivity was not altered by different mixtures, but there were found significant differences due to manganese doses. The best dose observed was the equivalent to 100 g ha-1 of manganese. The additional plot differed statistically from the treatments that received doses of 50 and 150 g ha-1 (without manganese) for the mass of thousand grains, and the treatment that received the dose of 100 g ha-1 manganese mixed with fungicide for grain yield. According to these results, the application of manganese and fungicides combined, do not influence the agronomic characteristics of soybean plants evaluated, that way is a valid alternative to reduce operating costs in soy bean production systems.Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merrill, antagonism, productivity, synergism. DOI:

Download Full-text

Evaluation of physiological characteristics of curcuma (Curcuma xanthorhizha Roxb.) on various intercropping patterns with soybean [Gglycine max (L.) Merrill]

International Journal of Plant Biology ◽

10.4081/pb.2017.6905 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ellis Nihayati ◽

Deffi Armita ◽

Binti Rulliyah

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Planting Pattern ◽

Land Equivalent Ratio ◽

Equivalent Ratio ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Curcuma Xanthorrhiza ◽

Soybean Plants

Purpose of this research was to get the best planting pattern on Curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Synm. Curcuma javanica) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) related to plants production, land equivalent ratio (LER) and R/C ratio. This research used the randomized block design involving six treatments and four replications. The growth pattern and yield of curcuma were based on the following parameters: length of plant, number of leaf, broad of leaf, fresh and dry weight of leaves, curcuma root and rhizome, LER (land equivalent ratio) and R/C ratio within six months from December 2015 to June 2016. The treatment difference was based on the LSD5%. The result showed that curcuma planted one month earlier under narrow spacing and bigger soybean population (strip relay, T-K)) suggested a longer growth than any other plating patterns. On the contrary, curcuma planted one month earlier under wide spacing and fewer number of soybean plants (row relay, T-K) suggested a better growth than others and resulting in the highest curcuma yield, lower soybean yield, LER=1.09 dan R/C=2.36.

Download Full-text

GROWTH AND MICRONUTRIENT CONCENTRATION IN MAIZE PLANTS UNDER NICKEL AND LIME APPLICATIONS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252016v29n403rc ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 796-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

GILMAR NUNES TORRES ◽

SÂNIA LÚCIA CAMARGOS ◽

OSCARLINA LUCIA DOS SANTOS WEBER ◽

KELLY DAYANA BENEDET MAAS ◽

WALCYLENE LACERDA MATOS PEREIRA SCARAMUZZA

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Development ◽

Block Design ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Maize Growth ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Micronutrient Concentration ◽

Maize Plants

ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiaba-MT, from March to May 2012. The objective was to assess the effects of different rates of nickel application with and without liming on maize growth and micronutrient levels. The study was a randomized block design in a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement with four replicates, for a total of 40 plots, including with and without liming and five rates of nickel application, on a clayey Red Yellow Latosol (Oxisol, USDA classification and Ferralsol, FAO classification). Both lime and nickel applications influenced plant growth, reducing plant development with increased nickel application without liming. It was also observed that both lime and nickel applications altered micronutrient levels in the maize plants, independent of which part of the plant was evaluated. Nickel played an antagonistic role with manganese and zinc and a synergistic role with copper and iron.

Download Full-text