scholarly journals Tomato yield as a function of water depths and irrigation suspension periods

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 591-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cícero J. da Silva ◽  
José A. Frizzone ◽  
César A. da Silva ◽  
Adelmo Golynski ◽  
Luiz F. M. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT Irrigation management is essential for tomato fruits yield and quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of tomatoes for industrial processing, ‘BRS Sena’ hybrid, subjected to water depths and irrigation suspension periods before harvest, irrigated by subsurface drip irrigation, in Goiás, Brazil (17º 49’ 19.5” S and 49º 12’ 11.3” W), in 2015 and 2016. The experiments were conducted under a randomized complete block design, with four replications, in split plots. Five irrigation levels (50, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration) were evaluated in the plots and five irrigation suspension periods (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days before harvest) were evaluated in the subplots. At 125 days after transplanting the seedlings, the yields of green, mature, rotten fruits and total yield, water productivity and percentages of green, mature and rotten fruits were evaluated. The highest total fruit yields (105.86 and 58.60 t ha-1) were obtained with water replacements ranging from 125.47 (615.09 mm) to 132.11 (564.00 mm) of crop evapotranspiration, in the first and second year of experiment, respectively. Growing plants under water deficit and excess increased the incidence of rotten fruits and decreased that of mature fruits. Pre-harvest irrigation suspension reduced crop yield and incidence of green fruits and increased the incidence of rotten fruits. The highest water productivity by the crop occurred under water deficit, management that may be interesting for regions with water restrictions.

scholarly journals Performance of processing tomatoes under different supply levels of crop evapotranspiration

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Cícero J Silva ◽  
Nadson C Pontes ◽  
Adelmo Golynski ◽  
Marcos B Braga ◽  
Alice M Quezado-Duval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Irrigation Levels

ABSTRACT Irrigation management is essential to promote appropriate plant growth and guarantee production and quality of the tomatoes for processing, increases the efficiency of nutrients use and contributes to ensure the sustainability of the production chain. This study was installed to evaluate productive performance of two processing tomato hybrids submitted to five water depths under drip irrigation system. Five levels of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) replacement (60%, 100%, 140%, 180% and 220%) and two tomato hybrids (BRS Sena and H 9992) were tested. The experimental design was a 5×2 factorial arranged in randomized complete block design with four replications. During the crop cycle, hybrids BRS Sena and H 9992 needed 692.20 and 418.43 mm of water, yielding 80 and 44.06 t ha-1, respectively. For both hybrids, the higher water productivity was observed when lower levels of irrigation were applied. Higher productivities and pulp yields of ‘BRS Sena’ and ‘H 9992’ were noticed when replacing 150-166% and 99-101% ETc, respectively. We observed that improving the performance of processing hybrid tomatoes is possible by adjusting irrigation levels for each hybrid according to growing conditions.

scholarly journals Productive characteristics of banana genotypes submitted to different irrigation water depths under Cerrado conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2351
Author(s):  
Luciana Borges e Silva ◽  
Jorge Luís do Nascimento ◽  
Ronaldo Veloso Naves ◽  
Juracy Rocha Braga Filho ◽  
Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Water Depths ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Irrigation management associated with other banana agricultural practices can provide an increased productivity and improved fruit quality. This study assessed the productive characteristics of banana genotypes under different irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the School of Agronomy (EA/UFG) in Goiânia, GO, Brazil. The experimental design was a split-plot randomized block design, in which four irrigation water depths (30, 65, 100, and 135% of crop potential evapotranspiration, ETpc) composed the plots and three genotypes (‘FHIA 18’, ‘Grande-Naine’, and ‘Prata’) the subplots, with a spacing of 2.5 × 1.6 m. During the experimental period (first production cycle), the total precipitation was 1719.20 mm. Characterization of genotype development and yield was performed with the following assessments: bunch mass (kg), number of hands, stalk mass (kg), fruit diameter of the second hand (mm), fruit length of the second hand (cm), mass of the second hand (kg), number of fruits of the second hand, total number of fruits, and number of damaged fruits. The cultivar ‘FHIA 18’, differently from the others, showed a significant response to irrigation water depths on productivity. In the genotypes ‘Grande-Naine’ and ‘Prata’, an influence of irrigation was observed only on external and visual characteristics of fruit (diameter, length, and number of damaged fruits). In the genotype ‘Prata’, the irrigation water depth of 965 mm allowed fruit production with a larger diameter. Fruit length in the genotype ‘Prata’ increased linearly as water depth increased. The use of irrigation promoted a reduction in the number of damaged fruits in the genotypes ‘FHIA 18’ and ‘Grande-Naine’.

scholarly journals Carrot yield and water-use efficiency under different mulching, organic fertilization and irrigation levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 445-450
Author(s):  
Daniel F. de Carvalho ◽  
Daniela P. Gomes ◽  
Dionizio H. de Oliveira Neto ◽  
José G. M. Guerra ◽  
Janaína R. C. Rouws ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate the contributions to the optimization of water use in a carrot crop under different forms of mulch using Gliricidia sepium, fertilization with castor bean cakes and irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted in Seropédica, RJ, Brazil (22º 46’ S and 43º 41’ W), from June to September 2010. The experiment was conducted using a split-split-plot scheme (5 x 3 x 2), with four replicates. The five plots had irrigation depths corresponding to 0, 43, 72, 100 and 120% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc); the three subplots contained the different forms of mulch (whole leaves (WL) and chopped leaves and branches (CLB)) and the absence of mulch (AM); and the two sub-subplots contained either the presence (PF) or absence of fertilization (AF). Using time domain reflectometry (TDR) in the irrigation management, water depths ranging from 67.8 to 285.5 mm were applied. The use of mulch in association with fertilization led to higher yields and water-use efficiency (WUE) of the carrot plants, and the mulch composed of WL performed best. The application of irrigation depths corresponding to 97% of ETc promoted the highest carrot yields, although the highest values of WUE were observed, with irrigation depths corresponding to a range from 51 to 68% of ETc.

ÍNDICE DE SATISFAÇÃO DAS DEMANDAS DE ÁGUA E PRODUTIVIDADE DO FEIJÃO EM DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM COLATINA - ES

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Ramon Amaro de Sales ◽  
Clodoaldo Spadeto Ambrozim ◽  
Robson Prucoli Posse ◽  
Evandro Chaves de Oliveira ◽  
Sheila Prucoli Posse
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Satisfaction Index ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Phenological Phases

Um dos fatores que pode afetar a produtividade do feijoeiro é a razão da evapotranspiração real  e a evapotranspiração da cultura, o qual indica a real quantidade de água que a planta consome em relação à quantidade de água máxima que a planta consumiria, também representada como Índice de Satisfação das Necessidades de Água. Com objetivo de determinar este índice para o feijoeiro, em seus respectivos estágios de desenvolvimento, visando melhorar o manejo de irrigação, ajustando-se à melhor lâmina de irrigação, bem como a máxima produtividade, foram analisadas as cultivares Majestoso e Valente, na região de Colatina-ES, durante o período de 12/07/2012 a 10/10/2012. Uma maior produtividade foi observada em função do aumento dos valores do Índice de Satisfação. A resposta foi a uma função quadrática, havendo um ponto a partir do qual a diminuição dos valores de ISNA reduz a produtividade das cultivares, à medida que reduz a lâmina de irrigação. O cultivar Majestoso apresentou maior tolerância à deficiência hídrica em relação a cultivar Valente, nas condições edafoclimáticas de Colatina/ES.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: fases fenológicas, evapotranspiração, deficiência hídrica. SATISFACTION INDEX OF WATER AND PRODUCTIVITY DEMANDS ON BEANS ON DIFFERENT IRRIGATION DEPTHS IN COLATINA – ESABSTRACT: One of the factors that can affect bean productivity is the ratio of actual evapotranspiration and crop evapotranspiration, which indicates the actual amount of water that the plant consumes in relation to the maximum amount of water the plant would consume, also represented as Index Of Water Needs Satisfaction. In order to determine this index for bean, in the respective stages of development, in order to improve irrigation management, adjusting to the best irrigation depth, as well as the maximum productivity, the cultivars Majestoso and Valente in de region of Colatina-ES, during the period from 07/07/2012 to 10/10/2012. Higher productivity was observed as a result of the increase in the Water Need Satisfaction Index, in which, as soil water deficit levels increased with the imposition of irrigation blades away from the sprinkler, ISNA presented lower values and consequently, its productivity, being noticed in the ISNA values below 0.83. The cultivar Majestoso presented greater tolerance to the water deficit in relation to Valente cultivar, in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Colatina-ES.KEYWORDS: phenological phases, evapotranspiration, water deficiency.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE AGROINDUSTRIAL DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR EM DIFERENTES REGIMES HÍDRICOS

Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-464
Author(s):  
Eduardo Magno Pereira da Silva ◽  
Aderson Soares de Andrade Júnior ◽  
Edson Alves Bastos ◽  
Valdenir Queiroz Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Industrial Performance ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
E Mail

PERFORMANCE AGROINDUSTRIAL DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR EM DIFERENTES REGIMES HÍDRICOS     EDUARDO MAGNO PEREIRA DA SILVA1; ADERSON SOARES DE ANDRADE JÚNIOR2; EDSON ALVES BASTOS2 E VALDENIR QUEIROZ RIBEIRO2   1Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí - Campus Uruçuí Rodovia PI 247, S/N - Portal dos Cerrados, CEP: 64860-000, Uruçuí, Piauí, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected] 2Embrapa Meio‑Norte, Avenida Duque de Caxias, n° 5.650, Bairro Buenos Aires, CEP64006‑220, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]     1 RESUMO   O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a performance agroindustrial de cana-de-açúcar (planta) em resposta a diferentes regimes hídricos aplicados por gotejamento subsuperficial. O experimento foi realizado em um argissolo vermelho amarelo distrófico, na Embrapa Meio-Norte, em Teresina, Piauí, durante o período de outubro de 2015 a setembro de 2016. Modelou-se o experimento em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas por quatro regimes hídricos (irrigação mais precipitação pluviométrica) baseados em frações da evapotranspiração de cultura (50% ETc = 1.374,3; 80% ETc = 1.534,2; 110% ETc = 1.712,0 e 150% ETc = 1.905,8 mm) e as subparcelas por dez variedades de cana-de-açúcar (RBUFRPE01, RBUFRPE02, RBUFRPE03, RBUFV01, RB036066, RB987935, RB935744, RB943538, RB92579 e RB867515). As características tecnológicas de qualidade do caldo da cana e rendimentos de açúcar e álcool foram alterados pelos regimes hídricos e variedades. Os maiores teores de Brix (22,5%), Fibras (13,3%), Polcaldo (17,5%) e Polcana (13,9%) foram obtidos com as variedades RB867515, RB935744, RB943538 e RB935744, respectivamente. Os rendimentos de açúcar (32,2 Mg ha-1) e álcool (23 m3 ha-1) foram alcançados com a variedade RB935744 e reposição hídrica próxima a 110% da ETc.   Palavras-chave: Saccharum officinarum, eficiência da água, manejo da irrigação.     SILVA, E. M. P.; ANDRADE JÚNIOR, A. S.; BASTOS, E. A.; RIBEIRO, V. Q. AGRO-INDUSTRIAL PERFORMANCE OF SUGARCANE IN DIFFERENT WATER REGIMES   2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this research was to evaluate the agro-industrial performance of sugarcane varieties (cane plant) in response to different water regimes applied by subsurface drip irrigation. The experiment was carried out in a dystrophic yellow red acrisol at Embrapa Middle North, Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil,  from October 2015 to September 2016. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design in subdivided plots, with four replications. The plots consisted of four water regimes (irrigation plus rainfall) based on crop evapotranspiration fractions (50% ETc = 1,374.3 mm, 80% ETc = 1,534.2 mm, 110% ETc = 1,712.0 mm and 150% ETc = 1,905.8 mm) and the subplots per ten varieties of sugarcane (RBUFRPE01, RBUFRPE02, RBUFRPE03, RBUFV01, RB036066, RB987935, RB935744, RB943538, RB92579 and RB867515). The technological quality characteristics of sugarcane juice and yields of sugar and alcohol were affected by water regimes and varieties. The highest contents of Brix (22.5%), Fibers (13.3%), Pol-juice (17.5%) and Pol-stalk (13.9%) were obtained with varieties RB867515, RB935744, RB943538 and RB935744, respectively. The maxim yields of sugar (32.2 Mg ha-1) and alcohol (23 m3 ha-1) were obtained with  variety RB935744 and water replenishment close to 110% of the ETc.  Keywords: Saccharum officinarum, water efficiency, irrigation management.

scholarly journals Irrigation management techniques with anaerobic baffled reactor effluent: effect on rice growth, yield and water productivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. I. Busari ◽  
A. Senzanje ◽  
A. O. Odindo ◽  
C. A. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Irrigation Treatments

Abstract The study evaluated the effect of irrigation management techniques using anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) effluent on the growth and yield of rice. It was hypothesized that irrigation techniques with ABR effluent have a significant effect on the growth, yield of rice, water productivity (WP) and water balance (WB). The experimental setup was a randomized complete block design for 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons, three treatments each with three replications. The treatments were alternating wetting and drying (AWD), continuous flooding irrigation (CFI) and wetting without flooding (WWF). The effect of irrigation management techniques was significant (P < 0.05) for the 2017 season but insignificant (P > 0.05) in 2018 on the yield. The effect of irrigation treatments on WP was significant (P < 0.05). The effects were not significant (P > 0.05) on the plant height, leave area index (LAI) and number of tillers per plant. However, the effect was significant (P < 0.05) on the number of panicles per plant. The effects of irrigation treatments were significant (P < 0.05) on number of irrigation, amount of irrigation, total water use and daily field WB. In conclusion, the result proved the acceptability of the hypothesis. AWD irrigation with ABR effluent should be encouraged among rice farmers.

scholarly journals REPOSIÇÕES DE ÁGUA NO SOLO E INCIDÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS FOLIARES EM CULTIVARES DE FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-712
Author(s):  
Taynara Tuany Borges Valeriano ◽  
Ana Flávia Oliveira ◽  
Márcio José Santana ◽  
Isaias Antônio de Paiva ◽  
Daniel Rufino Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Foliar Diseases ◽  
Bean Crop ◽  
Water Depths

 REPOSIÇÕES DE ÁGUA NO SOLO E INCIDÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS FOLIARES EM CULTIVARES DE FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)     TAYNARA TUANY BORGES VALERIANO1; ANA FLÁVIA OLIVEIRA2; MÁRCIO JOSÉ DE SANTANA3; ISAÍAS ANTONIO DE PAIVA4 E DANIEL RUFINO AMARAL5   1 Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, S/N, Vila Industrial – CEP: 14884-900, Jaboticabal-SP, Brasil, [email protected]; 2 Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Rua João Batista Ribeiro, 4000, Distrito Industrial II - CEP: 38064-790, Uberaba-MG, Brasil, [email protected]; 3 Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Rua João Batista Ribeiro, 4000, Distrito Industrial II - CEP: 38064-790, Uberaba-MG, Brasil, [email protected]; 4 Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê - CEP:80035-050, Curitiba-PR, Brasil, [email protected]; 5 Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Rua João Batista Ribeiro, 4000 - Bairro: Distrito Industrial II - CEP: 38064-790 – Uberaba-MG, [email protected].     1 RESUMO   A incidência de doenças foliares é um dos principais fatores que interferem na produtividade, e está diretamente relacionada com as lâminas de água aplicadas na cultura do feijoeiro. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito das reposições de água no solo sobre a incidência de doenças foliares em cultivares de feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). O experimento foi conduzido em uma casa de vegetação, localizada no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM Campus - Uberaba). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com cinco repetições, disposto em um esquema fatorial 2x5, sendo duas cultivares: IAC Imperador e IPR Juriti, cinco reposições de água no solo, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% e 120% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), e cinco repetições. As doenças avaliadas foram crestamento bacteriano e mancha de alternaria, no intervalo de 10 dias. O manejo da irrigação a 100% e 120% de ETc registraram maior severidade de mancha de alternaria e crestamento bacteriano comum para cultivar IPR Juriti. Houve um aumento linear e quadrático da AACPD para crestamento bacteriano comum e mancha de alternaria, respectivamente, com aumento das lâminas de irrigação. As maiores médias de produtividade do feijoeiro, assim como a maior eficiência do uso da água (EUA) foram obtidas com a lâmina de 80% da ETc.   Palavras-chave: fitopatologia, crestamento bacteriano, mancha de alternaria, evapotranspiração.     VALERIANO, T. T. B.; OLIVEIRA, A. F.; SANTANA, M. J. de; PAIVA, I. A., AMARAL, D. R. WATER REPLENISHMENT ON SOIL AND IMPACT OF FOLIARY DISEASES ON FEIJOEIRO CULTIVARS (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)         2 ABSTRACT   The incidence of foliar diseases is one of the main factors that interfere with yield and is directly related to the water depths applied in bean crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of soil water replenishment on foliar diseases incommon bean cultivars. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at the Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM Campus - Uberaba). The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications, arranged in a 2x5 factorial arrangement, two cultivars, IAC Imperador and IPR Juriti, five replenishments of soil water, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% and 120% of crop evapotranspiration, and five water replacements. Diseases evaluated were common bacterial blight and alternaria spot in the 10-day interval. The irrigation management was carried out by the method of percolating water collection drains. Depth corresponding to 100% and 120% ETC showed higher severity of alternaria and common bacterial blight to cultivar IPR Juriti. There was linear and quadratic increase of ASCPD for common bacterial blight and alternaria spot, respectively, with increased depth. The highest productivity values of common bean, as well as greater efficiency in water use, were obtained with depth of approximately 80% of the ETC.   Keywords: plant pathology, bacterial blight, alternaria spot, evapotranspiration.

scholarly journals Productive characteristics of banana genotypes submitted to different irrigation water depths under Cerrado conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2351
Author(s):  
Luciana Borges e Silva ◽  
Jorge Luís do Nascimento ◽  
Ronaldo Veloso Naves ◽  
Juracy Rocha Braga Filho ◽  
Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Water Depths ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Irrigation management associated with other banana agricultural practices can provide an increased productivity and improved fruit quality. This study assessed the productive characteristics of banana genotypes under different irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the School of Agronomy (EA/UFG) in Goiânia, GO, Brazil. The experimental design was a split-plot randomized block design, in which four irrigation water depths (30, 65, 100, and 135% of crop potential evapotranspiration, ETpc) composed the plots and three genotypes (‘FHIA 18’, ‘Grande-Naine’, and ‘Prata’) the subplots, with a spacing of 2.5 × 1.6 m. During the experimental period (first production cycle), the total precipitation was 1719.20 mm. Characterization of genotype development and yield was performed with the following assessments: bunch mass (kg), number of hands, stalk mass (kg), fruit diameter of the second hand (mm), fruit length of the second hand (cm), mass of the second hand (kg), number of fruits of the second hand, total number of fruits, and number of damaged fruits. The cultivar ‘FHIA 18’, differently from the others, showed a significant response to irrigation water depths on productivity. In the genotypes ‘Grande-Naine’ and ‘Prata’, an influence of irrigation was observed only on external and visual characteristics of fruit (diameter, length, and number of damaged fruits). In the genotype ‘Prata’, the irrigation water depth of 965 mm allowed fruit production with a larger diameter. Fruit length in the genotype ‘Prata’ increased linearly as water depth increased. The use of irrigation promoted a reduction in the number of damaged fruits in the genotypes ‘FHIA 18’ and ‘Grande-Naine’.

Tomato Growth and Yield Response to Cover Crop and Fertilizer Nitrogen

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 524d-524
Author(s):  
Wayne F. Whitehead ◽  
Bharat P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crimson Clover ◽  
Tomato Yield

The goal of this study was to evaluate how tomato yield, vegetative dry matter, leaf area index (LAI), and photosynthesis (Pn) responded to winter cover crop and recommended fertilizer N rates. The following winter/spring fertility treatments were applied using randomized complete block design with four replications: 1) 0 N winter /0 N spring, 2) 0 N winter/90 kg·ha–1 N spring, 3) 0 N winter/180 kg·ha–1 N spring, 4) 0 N winter + abruzi rye/0 N spring, 5) 0 N winter + hairy vetch/0 N spring, and 6) 0 N winter + crimson clover/0 N spring. In Spring 1997, `Mountain Pride' tomatoes were transplanted in all plots. Whole plant dry matter, LAI and Pn were measured at flowering, fruiting and prior to senescence, while seasonal yield was compiled over 6 weeks. Tomatoes preceded by Vetch produced highest plant dry matter (243.0 g/plant) prior to senescence, highest LAI (3.07) at fruiting and highest P (8.98 μmol CO2/m2 per s) during flowering. Total yield were highest (60.9 Mg·ha–1) at 180 kg·ha–1 N and lowest (35.3 Mg·ha–1) in control. Supplemental N from legume and grain cover crops affected plant dry weight, LAI, Pn, and yield comparable to those receiving synthetic N. Results of this study indicate that cover crop treatments were as effective as N fertilizer in supporting tomato yield, vegetative growth, LAI, and photosynthesis.

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