scholarly journals Trainability and reversibility in physical fitness among elderly persons taking part in an intervention program

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taysi Seemann ◽  
Carolina Weber Schmitt ◽  
Adriana Coutinho de Azevedo Guimarães ◽  
Simone Korn ◽  
Joseani Paulini Neves Simas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Active Living ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Ex Post

Objective To assess the trainability and reversibility of variables of physical fitness in elderly participants in Active Living Functional Gymnastics. Method This ex post facto study was composed of 115 elderly women from six functional fitness groups in the Active Living Program in Florianopolis. The Rikli and Jones battery of tests (Chair Stand Test, Arm Curl Test, Chair Sit and Reach Test, Back Scratch Test, 8-Foot Up and Go Test, 6 Minute Walk Test) was used. The intervention period lasted for eight months, and the detraining period took three months. Descriptive and inferential statistics with paired Student t-test and Scheffé post hoc was used. Results The performance of the age groups differed in agility and aerobic capacity; Trainability was identified in the strength and resistance variables of the lower and upper limbs, and the flexibility of the lower limbs; Detraining was perceived in the strength and resistance of upper limbs, and aerobic capacity. Conclusion A Functional Gymnastics program produces positive effects on the strength and resistance of the lower and upper limbs, and flexibility of the lower limbs in elderly women. An interruption period lasting three months results in detraining in strength and resistance of the lower limbs and aerobic capacity.

scholarly journals O USO DA ESCALA DE OMNI-RES EM IDOSAS HIPERTENSAS

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline De Freitas Brito ◽  
Naiane Ferraz Bandeira Alves ◽  
Alessandra Araújo Silva ◽  
Alexandre Sergio Silva
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Resistance Exercises

Escalas de percepção subjetiva de esforço têm sido usadas há bastante tempo para se referir à intensidade de esforço no exercício aeróbio. Somente há pouco tempo foi validada a escala de OMNI-RES para exercício resistido, de modo que sua aplicação em algumas populações ainda é escassa. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade da escala de OMNI-RES em mulheres idosas hipertensas. Vinte e uma voluntárias (60.2±3,8 anos, IMC de 28,7±1,2 Kg/m2), realizaram quatro sessões de exercício resistido randomicamente ordenadas. Duas das sessões eram para membros inferiores (MI), com intensidades de 60% e 80% de 15 RM, e as outras duas, para membros superiores (MS), com as mesmas intensidades. As sessões tiveram três séries de 15 repetições e intervalos de 90 segundos. Ao final de cada série, mediu-se a frequência cardíaca e a percepção subjetiva foi referida pelas mulheres. Para a análise estatística, foi utilizado o teste de ANOVA two-way. A frequência cardíaca se apresentou significativamente mais elevada nas sessões a 80% de 15RM em relação a 60% de 15RM em todas as séries, tanto de membros superiores quanto de membros inferiores. Nos protocolos para MI, as mulheres referiram pontuações na escala de OMNI-RES sempre significativamente maiores ao final das três séries, com intensidade de 80% em relação a 60% de 15 RM (6,1±0,1 versus 3,7±0,1; 6,1±0,1 versus 3,8±0,2 e 6,1±0,1 versus 3,9±0,2 para as 1ª, 2ª e 3ª séries a 80 e 60% respectivamente). Nos protocolos para MS a pontuação na escala de OMNI-RES foi igualmente maior para os exercícios a 80% de 1RM em todas as séries (6,1±0,1 versus 3,5±0,1; 6,1±0,1 versus 3,5±0,1 e 6,1±0,1 versus 3,6±0,1 para as 1ª, 2ª e 3ª séries a 80 e 60% respectiva  mente). Os valores de pontuação foram equivalentes à classificação de razoavelmente leve e compatível com treino de endurance muscular segundo a escala de OMNI-RES nos exercícios a 60% de 15 RM e razoavelmente pesado e compatível com treinamento de hipertrofia para a intensidade de 80% de 15RM. Concluiu-se que a escala de OMNI-RES representa adequadamente a intensidade adotada em exercícios resistidos com características de Resistência Muscular Localizada (RML) e hipertrofia em mulheres idosas hipertensas. THE USE OF THE OMNI-RES SCALE IN HYPERTENSIVE ELDERLY abstract Scales of perceived exertion have been used for some time to refer to the intensity of effort in an aerobic exercise. Only recently the OMNI-RES scale has been validated for resistance exercise, as a result of that its application in some populations is still scarce. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the OMNI-RES scale in elderly women with hypertension. Twenty one volunteers (60,2 ± 3,8 years, BMI 28,7 ± 1,2 Kg/m2), undertook four sessions of resistance exercise ordered randomly. Two of those sessions were for lower limbs at intensities of 60% and 80% of 15RM, and the other two were for upper limbs with the same intensity. The sessions had 3 sets of 15 repetitions and intervals of 90 seconds. At the end of each series it was measured the heart rate and the subjective perception was reported by the women. For statistical analysis, it was used the two-way ANOVA test. Heart rate was significantly higher in sessions at 80% with 15RM than at 60% with 15RM in all series, both upper limbs and lower limbs. In the protocols for lower limbs, the women always reported significantly higher scores on the OMNI-RES at the end of the three series with an intensity of 80% compared to 60% with 15 RM (6,1 ± 0,1  versus 3,7 ± 0,1; 6,1 ± 0,1 versus 3,8 ± 0,2 and 6,1 ± 0,1 versus 3,9 ± 0,2 for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd grades 80 and 60% respectively). The values in scores were equivalent to the classification of fairly mild consistent with muscle endurance training according to the OMNI-RES scale on the exercises at 60% with 15 RM and fairly heavy and consistent with hypertrophy training at an intensity of 80% with 15RM. It was concluded that the OMNI-RES scale adequately represented the adopted intensity in resistance exercises with features of RML and hypertrophy in hypertensive elderly women.

scholarly journals Influence of experimental training with external resistance in a form of “kettlebell” on selected components of women’s physical fitness

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
TADEUSZ AMBROŻY ◽  
LUCYNA KISZCZAK ◽  
JAROSŁAW OMORCZYK ◽  
MARIUSZ OZIMEK ◽  
TOMASZ PAŁKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Endurance Strength ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Experimental Training ◽  
And Control

An aim of this work was to determine the influence of women’s experimental training using kettlebells on selected components of physical fitness. Two groups of women, experimental (N = 20) and control (N = 20), took part in this study. In order to determine the influence of the training program developed by the present authors, participants were subjected to examinations aimed to assess the level of selected components of physical fitness (speed of hand movements, flexibility, explosive strength of lower limbs muscles, strength endurance of abdominal muscles and hip flexors, strength endurance of upper limbs muscles and the shoulder girdle, agility, the maximum oxygen uptake, the maximum and average power). Women who participated in kettlebells training showed statistically significant changes in all the examined components of physical fitness. In this group the greatest increase (84.25%) occurred in the endurance strength of upper limbs and the shoulder girdle. However, standard fitness training was more beneficial for shaping flexibility. A key element to the benefit of circuit training with kettlebells use (and additional exercises carried out in this training) is a possibility to improve comprehensive physical fitness.

scholarly journals Association between Cigarette Smoking and Physical Fitness Level of Korean Adults and the Elderly

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Hyung Gyu Jeon ◽  
Gyuri Kim ◽  
Hee Seong Jeong ◽  
Wi-Young So
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Database ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Customized Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Using Data

Although previous studies have examined the relationship between smoking and physical fitness, they only considered current smoking status and the same fitness measurements regardless of age. This study investigated differences in physical fitness based on tobacco smoking habits. A total of 2830 non-elderly adults (NEA; 19–64 years) and 629 elderly (65–89 years) participated in the study, using data extracted from a Korean national database. One-way ANCOVA and ANOVA were conducted to analyze the results. The subjects were classified into three groups (smokers, those who had quit, and never-smokers). In NEA men, a significant difference was observed in 50-m dash (p = 0.003) and 20-m shuttle-run (p < 0.001), while in elderly men differences were only seen in sit-ups (p = 0.015). In the case of NEA and elderly women, no significant differences were observed in physical fitness levels (p > 0.05). The decreased fitness level due to smoking was more noticeable in men than in women, and in NEA more than in elderly persons. A non-smoking policy and customized training based on age or gender are necessary to increase fitness and improve health conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of skeletal maturation on physical fitness of young people with Down syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-383
Author(s):  
Everaldo Lambert Modesto ◽  
Leonardo dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
Bruna Barboza Seron ◽  
Eloise Werle de Almeida ◽  
Márcia Greguol
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Young People ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Control Group

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) tend to prematurely reach the skeletal maturation period. In addition, young people with this condition have poor physical fitness and few opportunities to practice physical activity when compared to those without disabilities. The aim of this study was to investigate the skeletal maturation of young people with Down syndrome and its influence on the behavior of physical fitness related to health, after aerobic and resistance training programs. Forty people with DS, with an average age of 15.4 (± 2.6) years, were divided into three groups for a 12 weeks intervention program, AT - aerobic training group (3 times/week; 50 minutes/session), RT - resistance training group (twice/week ; 50 minutes/session) and CG - control group, 9 participants. Determination of skeletal age (EA) was performed using the Greulich-Pyle method. Anthropometric variables, muscle strength and peak VO2 were measured pre and post intervention. It was found that skeletal maturation influenced the effects of training, only being significant for body weight and strength in the upright row variables. In addition, the muscle strength of upper and lower limbs increased significantly after 12 weeks of aerobic or resistance training. Then, we can conclude that the effects of physical training on physical fitness of young people with Down syndrome appear to improve as the bone age increases.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT NEUROMUSCULAR TRAINING PROTOCOLS ON THE FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY OF ELDERLY WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Gomes de Resende Neto ◽  
Marta Silva Santos ◽  
Roberto Jerônimo Santos Silva ◽  
Josimari Melo de Santana ◽  
Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Functional Training ◽  
Traditional Training ◽  
Training Protocols

ABSTRACT Introduction: Several strength training protocols have been tested in the search for systemic adaptations to improve functionality in the elderly. For this purpose, integrated exercises aimed at improving essential movements can be an interesting strategy to improve the performance of activities of the daily living. Objective: To compare the effects of eight weeks of functional training with traditional strength training on the physical fitness of sedentary elderly women. Methods: Thirty-two elderly women were divided into functional training group (FT, n=16) and traditional training group (TT, n=16). For the verification of functional responses, the Senior Fitness Test battery was used, as well as complementary tests of strength and muscular power. The data were analyzed using a 2x2 ANOVA with post hoc Sidak test to verify the differences between the groups. Results: At the end of eight weeks, when compared to TT group, the FT group showed significant increases in balance/agility variables (p=0.01; +7.6%), lower limbs strength (p=0.04; +15.3%), upper limbs strength (p=0.05; +11.7%), and cardiorespiratory power (p=0.05; +10.7%). However, in relation to flexibility tests and conventional tests of maximum dynamic force and muscular strength, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: Both interventions are efficient to improve physical fitness of sedentary elderly women; however, functional training induces better adaptive responses to functionality when compared with traditional training. Level of Evidence I; Randomized clinical trial.

scholarly journals High 1RM Tests Reproducibility and Validity Are Not Dependent on Training Experience, Muscle Group Tested or Strength Level in Older Women

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Barbalho ◽  
Paulo Gentil ◽  
Rodolfo Raiol ◽  
Fabrício Boscolo Del Vecchio ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Strength Level ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Training Experience

Background: The maximal one-repetition test (1-RM) is widely used in scientific research; however, there are conflict results regarding its reproducibility in elderly population. The present study aimed to analyze the reproducibility the test both before and after a 12 week training period by using the bench press and leg press 45&deg; 1-RM tests in the elderly taking into consideration the training experience and strength level of the women. Methods: Elderly women (n = 376; age, 68.5 &plusmn; 14.1 years; height, 162.7 &plusmn; 5.5 cm; body mass, 71.2 &plusmn; 16.0 kg) who underwent &ge;3 months of resistance training performed an initial week of familiarization and a second week of testing and retest, with a 48&ndash;72 hour interval. Results: The results showed maximal and relative load strength of 39.3 kg and 0.59 kg/body mass for lower limbs and 20.9 kg and 0.31 kg/body mass for upper limbs. The Kappa indices were 0.93 and 0.95, and the intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.99 and 0.99 for the lower and upper limbs, respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, the present study confirms that the 1-RM test has high reliability and reproducibility in the elderly, for both upper and lower limbs.

The Role of Pilates and Aquafitness Exercises in Sustaining the Health and Fitness of Elderly Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Boguszewski ◽  
Monika (Cieślik) ◽  
Jakub Adamczyk ◽  
Andrzej Ochal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Health And Fitness ◽  
Group 2

The Role of Pilates and Aquafitness Exercises in Sustaining the Health and Fitness of Elderly WomenBackground: The aim of this study was an evaluation of the effectiveness of two forms of physical activity: Pilates and aquafitness - gymnastics in water, in sustaining the health and fitness of women after the age of 55.Material and methods: In research groups were twenty five volunteer women - participants of physical training of the age from 55 to 76 years. One of the groups (Group 1) conducted exercise according to the Pilates method, and the second group (Group 2) practiced in water - aquafitness. The exercises took place once a week, 1.5 hours each. The research ("up and go" test, test for strength and endurance of lower limbs, test for strength of upper limbs, test for suppleness of the lower body part) has been conducted twice - in the first four weeks of training and after ten weeks.Results: The strength of upper limbs considerably increased (p=0.038) in the case of women practicing in water. The program of aquafitness contains a lot of resistance exercises for the upper limbs, which had impact on the above mentioned result. Improvement in the results of tests of suppleness of lower body part was observed (after an 10-week cycle of exercises) in Pilates groups.Conclusions: Pilates and aquafitness were beneficial for the level of suppleness of seniors. The frequency of exercises - once a week - is insufficient for sustaining full fitness, however, even such minimal doze of physical activity positively affects the physical and mental condition of the seniors.

scholarly journals Influence of skeletal maturation on physical fitness of young people with Down syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-383
Author(s):  
Everaldo Lambert Modesto ◽  
Leonardo dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
Bruna Barboza Seron ◽  
Eloise Werle de Almeida ◽  
Márcia Greguol
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Young People ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Control Group

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) tend to prematurely reach the skeletal maturation period. In addition, young people with this condition have poor physical fitness and few opportunities to practice physical activity when compared to those without disabilities. The aim of this study was to investigate the skeletal maturation of young people with Down syndrome and its influence on the behavior of physical fitness related to health, after aerobic and resistance training programs. Forty people with DS, with an average age of 15.4 (± 2.6) years, were divided into three groups for a 12 weeks intervention program, AT - aerobic training group (3 times/week; 50 minutes/session), RT - resistance training group (twice/week ; 50 minutes/session) and CG - control group, 9 participants. Determination of skeletal age (EA) was performed using the Greulich-Pyle method. Anthropometric variables, muscle strength and peak VO2 were measured pre and post intervention. It was found that skeletal maturation influenced the effects of training, only being significant for body weight and strength in the upright row variables. In addition, the muscle strength of upper and lower limbs increased significantly after 12 weeks of aerobic or resistance training. Then, we can conclude that the effects of physical training on physical fitness of young people with Down syndrome appear to improve as the bone age increases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of balance and fear of falling in elderly individuals before and after senile cataract surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-532
Author(s):  
Sarah Brandão Pinheiro ◽  
Carmen Jansen de Cárdenas ◽  
Leonardo Akaishi ◽  
Marina Carneiro Dutra ◽  
Wagner Rodrigues Martins
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Senile Cataract ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Post Surgery

Abstract Introduction: During aging there is a close relationship between visual deficits, imbalance and falls, and eye surgery can be an efficient treatment option for elderly persons. Objective: Evaluate the influence of visual conditions on patients suffering from senile cataract with increasing imbalance. Method: A descriptive and analytical study using a quantitative longitudinal cohort technique was conducted. The study included 30 individuals who were evaluated before and 30 and 60 days after surgery. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), International Falls Efficacy Scale adapted for Brazil (FES-I) and a medical history questionnaire were used to collect data. Statistical analysis involved the Chi-squared, Student's t and Mann-Whitney tests. Values of p<0.05 were considered significant. Results: The SPPB found that of 15 elderly women, 13 (87%) achieved moderate performance of the lower limbs while the performance of two (13%) remained poor, after 60 postoperative days. The FES-I revealed that three (20%) elderly persons were mildly worried about falls 60 days post-surgery. Of the 15 elderly male subjects evaluated by BBS, before and at 30 and 60 days after surgery, one (7%), managed to maintain some balance but needed assistance; while 14 (93%) maintained good balance. The SPPB found that the performance of five elderly persons (33%) was moderate and that of nine (67%) was good. Conclusion: Senile cataract surgery had positive preventative effects on lower limb performance, balance and fear of falling among the elderly studied, preventing the falls and fractures that are common during aging.

Effects of a Group Program to Increase Cognitive Performance Through Cognitively Stimulating Leisure Activities in Healthy Older Subjects

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Tesky ◽  
Christian Thiel ◽  
Winfried Banzer ◽  
Johannes Pantel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Group Program ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Older Subjects

To investigate the effects of leisure activities on cognitive performance of healthy older subjects, an innovative intervention program was developed. Frequent participation in cognitively stimulating activities (i.e., reading, playing chess, or playing music) is associated with reduced risk of dementia. AKTIVA (active cognitive stimulation – prevention in the elderly) is an intervention program designed to enhance cognitive stimulation in everyday life by increasing cognitive stimulating leisure activities. The present study determines the effects of AKTIVA on cognitive function, mood and attitude toward aging in a sample of older participants from the general population. Several measurement instruments were used including the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog), the Trail-Making Test (TMT), and the Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q). Initially, the sample consisted of 307 older persons (170 female, 72 ± 7 years). The intervention was evaluated with a randomized, controlled pre-post follow-up design. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: AKTIVA intervention (n = 126), AKTIVA intervention plus nutrition and exercise counseling (n = 84), no-intervention control group (n = 97). The AKTIVA intervention consisted of 8 weekly sessions and two booster sessions after a break of 4 months. Participation in the group program resulted in positive effects on cognitive function and attitude toward aging for subassembly groups. Older persons (≥ 75 years) showed enhanced speed of information processing (by TMT Version A) (F = 4.17*, p < .05); younger participants (< 75 years) showed an improvement in subjective memory decline (by MAC-Q) (F = 2.55*, p < .05). Additionally, AKTIVA enhanced the frequency of activities for leisure activities for subassembly groups. The results of this study suggest that the AKTIVA program can be used to increase cognitively stimulating leisure activities in the elderly. Further research is necessary to identify the long-term effects of this intervention particularly with respect to the prevention of dementia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document