scholarly journals Indicators of sarcopenia and their relation to intrinsic and extrinsic factors relating to falls among active elderly women

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Laura Rossetin ◽  
Elisangela Valevein Rodrigues ◽  
Luiza Herminia Gallo ◽  
Darla Silvério Macedo ◽  
Maria Eliana Madalozzo Schieferdecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

Abstract Introduction: Musculoskeletal aging can impair functional performance increasing the risk of falls. Objective: To analyze the correlation between sarcopenia and the intrinsic and extrinsic factors involved in falls among community-dwelling elderly women. Method: A cross-sectional study evaluated the number of falls of 85 active community-dwelling elderly women in the previous year and then divided them into two groups: non-fallers (n=61) and fallers (n=24). The sarcopenia indicators assessed were gait speed (GS, 10m); handgrip strength (HS); calf circumference; appendicular muscle mass index (DXA). Intrinsic factors: Mental State Examination (MSE); visual acuity; depression (GDS-30); hip , knee (Lequesne) and ankle/foot (FAOS) pain/function; vestibular function (Fukuda test); functional mobility and risk of falls (TUG); power (sitting and standing five times); gait (treadmill); fear of falling (FES-I-Brazil). Extrinsic factors: risk/security features in homes. The independent t test was applied for comparisons between groups and the Pearson and Spearman tests were used for correlations (p<0.05). Results: There was a moderate correlation between HS and GS in non-fallers (r=0.47; p=0.001) and fallers (r= 0.54; p=0.03). There was a moderate negative correlation (r= -0.52; p=0.03) between FES-I-Brazil and gait cadence in fallers. There was a greater presence of stairs (p=0.001) and throw rugs (p=0.03) in the homes of fallers than non-fallers. Conclusion: The elderly women were not sarcopenic. Elderly fallers presented inferior gait cadence and a greater fear of falling. Residential risks were determining factors for falls, and were more relevant than intrinsic factors in the evaluation of falls among active community-dwelling elders.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the risk of falls in hospitalized adult patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Lemes Lobo Bittencourt ◽  
Sandra Leontina Graube ◽  
Eniva Miladi Fernandes Stumm ◽  
Iara Denise Endruweit Battisti ◽  
Marli Maria Loro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract OBJECTIVE Analyzing factors related to the risk of falls in hospitalized adult patients. METHOD A cross-sectional, analytical and quantitative study, developed in Clinical and Surgical Hospitalization Units from June to August 2015. Data collection instruments were sociodemographic and clinical forms, and the Morse Scale. Data were obtained with the patients and from medical records. Absolute and relative frequencies were used in the univariate statistical analysis, and chi-square test in the bivariate analysis. RESULTS 612 patients participated in the study. An association (p<0.001) was found between the high risk of falls and clinical neurological hospitalization, surgical trauma (hospitalization) and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension, visual impairment, vertigo and fear of falling. CONCLUSION An association between the risk of falls was found due to hospitalization, comorbidities and intrinsic factors. Regarding extrinsic factors, an association between mats/carpets and risk of falls was found. No association between the risk of falls with other extrinsic factors was found.

Knee extension strength and handgrip strength are important predictors of Timed Up and Go test performance among community-dwelling elderly women: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
Diogo Carvalho Felício ◽  
José Elias Filho ◽  
Bárbara Zille de Queiroz ◽  
Juliano Bergamaschine Mata Diz ◽  
Daniele Sirineu Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knee Extension Strength

scholarly journals A Description of Handgrip Strength in the Very Older Adult People Living in Rural Vietnam and Its Association with Daily Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nga Thi Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Xuan Nguyen ◽  
Anh Trung Nguyen ◽  
Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen ◽  
Tam Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objective. To describe handgrip strength (HGS) and identify associated factors in community-dwelling older adults in rural Vietnam. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in community-dwelling older adults 80 years and over in five rural communities in Hanoi, Vietnam. Age-gender-BMI stratified HGS values were reported as means and standard deviations. Demographic characteristics, malnutrition, risk of fall, basic activities of daily living (ADL), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were investigated. Multivariate linear regression explored the association between HGS and these factors. Results. In 308 participants, mean age was 85.4 ± 4.2 years. Mean HGS was 21.6 ± 6.1  kg for males and 15.3 ± 4.3  kg for females. HGS in our sample was generally lower than that in other European countries and Asian threshold. Low HGS was correlated with older age ( β = − 0.196 , p < 0.001 ), female ( β = − 0.443 , p < 0.001 ), low education ( β = − 0.130 , p < 0.05 ), risk of falls ( β = − 0.114 , p < 0.05 ), and lower IADL ( β = 0.153 , p = 0.001 ). Conclusions. The age-gender-BMI stratified HGS values of 80 years and over community-dwellers in rural Vietnam were described. HGS decreased with advanced age, female, low education, high risk of falls, and impaired IADLs. The results could provide useful reference data for further investigations and measures in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Fall Prevention in Community-Dwelling Adults with Mild to Moderate Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Racey ◽  
Maureen Markle-Reid ◽  
Donna Fitzpatrick-Lewis ◽  
Muhammad Usman Ali ◽  
Hélène Gagné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Risk Of Falls

Abstract Background: Cognitive impairment (CI) increases an individual’s risk of falls due to the role cognition plays in gait control. Older adults with dementia fall 2-3 times more than cognitively healthy older adults and 60-80% of people with dementia fall annually. Practitioners require evidence-based fall prevention best practices to reduce the risk of falls in cognitively impaired adults living in the community. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the effectiveness of primary and secondary fall prevention interventions in reducing falls and fear of falling, and improving gait, balance, and functional mobility. We searched 7 databases for fall prevention interventions involving community-dwelling adults ≥50 years with mild to moderate CI. Reviewers screened citations, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias and certainty of evidence (GRADE). We assessed statistical and methodological heterogeneity and performed a meta-analysis of studies including subgroup analysis based on intervention and risk of bias groupings.Results: 509 community-dwelling adults (mean age 67.5 to 84.0 years) with mild to moderate CI from 12 randomized or clinical controlled trials (RCTs/CCTs) were included in this review. Eight studies were exercise interventions, 3 were multifactorial, and 1 provided medication treatment. Fall prevention interventions had significant effects of medium magnitude on fear of falling (standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.73 [-1.10, -0.36]), balance (SMD 0.66 [0.19, 1.12]), and functional mobility measured as Timed Up and Go test (SMD -0.56 [-0.94, -0.17]) and significant effects of small magnitude on gait control (SMD 0.26 [0.08, 0.43]) all with moderate certainty of evidence. The meta-analysis showed no significant effects for falls (number of events or falls incidence). Sub-analysis showed that exercise and low risk of bias studies remained significant for balance and perceived risk of falls.Conclusion: The effect of fall prevention interventions on direct outcomes, such as falls, remains unclear in cognitively impaired individuals. Exercise interventions are effective at improving fall risk factors, however, high quality studies with longer follow-up and adequate sample sizes are needed to determine their effectiveness on falls directly. There remains a gap in terms of effective fall prevention interventions for older adults with CI.

scholarly journals Correlation of functional mobility with handgrip strength, functional capacity for instrumental activities of daily living, fear of falling and number of falls in community-dwelling elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Priori Fioritto ◽  
Danielle Teles da Cruz ◽  
Isabel Cristina Gonçalves Leite
Keyword(s):  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Quality Life

Abstract Introduction: Functional mobility is essential for quality life and its worsening is the first sign of functional decline in the elderly. Objective: To assess the correlation of functional mobility with handgrip strength (HGS), functional capacity for IADL (FC-IADL) and fear of falling and number of falls in community-dwelling elderly. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 303 community-dwelling elderly of both sexes, in Juiz de Fora (MG, Brazil). Functional mobility (TUG), HGS (dynamometer, JAMAR), FC-IADL (Lawton and Brody Scale), fear of falling (FES-I-Brazil) and number of falls were assessed. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test, and significance was established at ≤ 5%. Results: The elderly studied consisted of 61.7% females, were 73.5 ± 7.8 years old and had little schooling (4.3 ± 3.5 years). Functional mobility showed a moderate correlation with HGS (r = -0.383 and r = -0.322; women and men respectively) and FC-IADL (r = -0.568 and r = -0.583) in both sexes and fear of falling (r = 0.511) in females, a weak correlation with fear of falling in males (r = 0.243) and number of falls in both sexes (r = 0.101 and r = 0.195). Conclusion: Functional mobility showed a moderate correlation with HGS and FC-IADL in both sexes and fear of falling in females. It showed a weak correlation with fear of falling in males and number of falls in both sexes. The overestimated self-efficacy to prevent falls in men and the protective role of fear of falling in individuals with functional mobility limitations may explain these findings.

scholarly journals The geriatric depression scale and the timed up and go test predict fear of falling in community-dwelling elderly women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno de Souza Moreira ◽  
Daniela Maria da Cruz dos Anjos ◽  
Daniele Sirineu Pereira ◽  
Rosana Ferreira Sampaio ◽  
Leani Souza Máximo Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Fall prevention in community-dwelling adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Racey ◽  
M. Markle-Reid ◽  
D. Fitzpatrick-Lewis ◽  
M. U. Ali ◽  
H. Gagne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Risk Of Falls

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment (CI) increases an individual’s risk of falls due to the role cognition plays in gait control. Older adults with dementia fall 2–3 times more than cognitively healthy older adults and 60–80% of people with dementia fall annually. Practitioners require evidence-based fall prevention best practices to reduce the risk of falls in cognitively impaired adults living in the community. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the effectiveness of primary and secondary fall prevention interventions in reducing falls and fear of falling, and improving gait, balance, and functional mobility. We searched 7 databases for fall prevention interventions involving community-dwelling adults ≥50 years with mild to moderate CI. Reviewers screened citations, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias and certainty of evidence (GRADE). We assessed statistical and methodological heterogeneity and performed a meta-analysis of studies including subgroup analysis based on intervention and risk of bias groupings. Results Five hundred nine community-dwelling adults (mean age 67.5 to 84.0 years) with mild to moderate CI from 12 randomized or clinical controlled trials (RCTs/CCTs) were included in this review. Eight studies were exercise interventions, 3 were multifactorial, and 1 provided medication treatment. Fall prevention interventions had significant effects of medium magnitude on fear of falling (standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.73 [− 1.10, − 0.36]), balance (SMD 0.66 [0.19, 1.12]), and functional mobility measured as Timed Up and Go test (SMD -0.56 [− 0.94, − 0.17]) and significant effects of small magnitude on gait control (SMD 0.26 [0.08, 0.43]) all with moderate certainty of evidence. The meta-analysis showed no significant effects for falls (number of events or falls incidence). Sub-analysis showed that exercise and low risk of bias studies remained significant for balance and perceived risk of falls. Conclusion The effect of fall prevention interventions on direct outcomes, such as falls, remains unclear in cognitively impaired individuals. Exercise interventions are effective at improving fall risk factors, however, high quality studies with longer follow-up and adequate sample sizes are needed to determine their effectiveness on falls directly. There remains a gap in terms of effective fall prevention interventions for older adults with CI.

Glittre ADL test in eutrophic, overweight and obese elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Augusto Baumhardt Guidoti ◽  
Ângelo Pereira Cattani ◽  
Cintia Laura De Araujo ◽  
Fernanda Beatriz Costa Delacoste ◽  
Guilherme Scotta Hentschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
World Health Organization Quality

The Glittre ADL-test (TGlittre) has been designed and validated to measure functional capacity during daily living activities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but is now used in several other situations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of TGlittre in a sample of overweight and obese eutrophic elderly. This was an experimental and cross-sectional study, which included 21 elderly women, allocated by BMI, in eutrophic (n = 8), overweight (n = 6) and obese (n = 7) groups. They were assessed for functional capacity (TGlittre and 6MWT), quality of life (QOL) with the questionnaire World Health Organization Quality of Life for Older People (WHOQOL-OLD) and handgrip strength (HGS). TGlittre correlated with age (p = 0.0040) and with 6MWT (p = 0.0086), but no statistical difference was found in TGlittre's performance time and the distance covered in 6MWT between groups. TGlittre did not correlate with HGS (p = 0.1493) and WHOQOL-Old (p = 0.0905). The data obtained in the present study corroborate that TGlittre is used as a functional measurement variable in the elderly population.Keywords: aged, obesity, exercise intolerance.­­­

scholarly journals Prevalence of postural deviations and associated factors in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Vieira Batistão ◽  
Roberta de Fátima Carreira Moreira ◽  
Helenice Jane Cote Gil Coury ◽  
Luis Ernesto Bueno Salasar ◽  
Tatiana de Oliveira Sato
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

Abstract Introduction: Postural deviations are frequent in childhood and may cause pain and functional impairment. Previously, only a few studies have examined the association between body posture and intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Objective: To assess the prevalence of postural changes in school children, and to determine, using multiple logistic regression analysis, whether factors such as age, gender, BMI, handedness and physical activity might explain these deviations. Methods: The posture of 288 students was assessed by observation. Subjects were aged between 6 and 15 years, 59.4% (n = 171) of which were female. The mean age was 10.6 (± 2.4) years. Mean body weight was 38.6 (± 12.7) kg and mean height was 1.5 (± 0.1) m. A digital scale, a tapeline, a plumb line and standardized forms were used to collect data. The data were analyzed descriptively using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis (significance level of 5%). Results: We found the following deviations to be prevalent among schoolchildren: forward head posture, 53.5%, shoulder elevation, 74.3%, asymmetry of the iliac crests, 51.7%, valgus knees, 43.1%, thoracic hyperkyphosis, 30.2%, lumbar hyperlordosis, 37.2% and winged shoulder blades, 66.3%. The associated factors were age, gender, BMI and physical activity. Discussion: There was a high prevalence of postural deviations and the intrinsic and extrinsic factors partially explain the postural deviations. Conclusion: These findings contribute to the understanding of how and why these deviations develop, and to the implementation of preventive and rehabilitation programs, given that some of the associated factors are modifiable.

scholarly journals Investigating Intrinsic & Extrinsic factors of job motivation of Health Network Employees in Kuhdasht city in 2018

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Health Network ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Administrative Service ◽  
Job Motivation ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors ◽  
The Way

Introduction:In recent decades, job strategies are moving forward to motivate employees. Most organizations have tried to use these strategies to improve their efficiency and optimize their resources. For the success of an organization, prominent employees are very important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the internal and external factors of job motivation among employees of health network of Kuhdasht city. Materials and methods: The study was descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional.The statistical population consisted of the healthcare network staff. 309 employees were selected through systematic random sampling. To gather information, the Herzberg questionnaire was used which included the variables of the Intrinsic and extrinsic factors of job motivation.Demographic factors were investigated.Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20 and Pearson and Spearman correlation, independent t tests and one-way analysis of variance. Findings:The average score of the Intrinsic factors of the job motivation was 56.02 and the standard deviation was 9.4 and the mean score of the extrinsic factors of the job motivation was 80.4 with a standard deviation of 9.02.The average score of extrinsic factors was higher than the external ones. Among the Intrinsic factors, the average score of knowledge and appreciation was higher than the rest of the factors, and in the extrinsic factors the relationship between the factors of communicationand the way of supervision was higher than the rest.There was no significant relationship between age, marital status, place of service and type of place of service with Intrinsic and extrinsic factors score and total amount of job motivation. There was a meaningless relationship between the staff record with the Intrinsic factors and the level of education and the extrinsic factors. The average score of Intrinsic factors and the total amount of job motivation in female employees was significantly higher than that of male employees. The average score of Intrinsic factors among employees with different occupational categories was significantly different and in the staff of the health care and health services was significantly more than the administrative-service staffs. The score of the Intrinsic factors and the total amount of job motivation was related to the type of staff recruitment, and in the staff with the contractual employment was significantly less than other employees. Conclusion:Although attention to Intrinsic and extrinsic factors is important for job inductance,but attention to employees' relationships, the way of their supervision and appreciation of them have of great importance in creating job motivation. Key words:Intrinsic factor, extrinsic factors, job motivation, Employees, Health Network

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