DOSES AND SPLIT NITROGEN FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF ARUGULA1

ABSTRACT Splitting nitrogen (N) fertilizer application can be an efficient nutrient management technique to improve productivity and plant quality, as well as to reduce the negative environmental impact caused by N losses. In this context, the present study investigated how the management of N affects the agronomic characteristics of field-grown arugula plants. Nine treatments were assessed in a randomized complete block design, in a 4 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme, with three replicates. The evaluated factors were doses of N (60, 120, 180 and 240 kg N ha-1), split N fertilizer applications at side-dress (two and three times) and an additional treatment without a N supply. Maximum height was obtained with the application of 198 kg N ha-1. Nitrate content, fresh mass and productivity increased with increasing N doses. There was no effect of split N fertilizer applications on the characteristics evaluated. Therefore, the supply of 240 kg N ha-1 divided into two portions was considered as the best management strategy.

Download Full-text

Growth and Yield Responses of Cowpea and Groundnut to Five Rhizobial Inoculant Strains in the Guinea Savanna Zone of Ghana

Advances in Agriculture ◽

10.1155/2020/8848823 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

F. Mintah ◽

Y. Z. Mohammed ◽

S. Lamptey ◽

B. D. K. Ahiabor

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Mineral N ◽

Guinea Savanna ◽

Rhizobial Inoculation ◽

Yield Responses ◽

Savanna Zone

Inoculating groundnut and cowpea with highly effective and competitive rhizobial strain improves nodulation. A field experiment was carried out at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, University for Development Studies, Nyankpala, to evaluate the growth and yield responses of cowpea and groundnut to five rhizobial inoculant strains in the Guinea Savanna zone. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eight (8) treatments replicated four (4) times. The treatments included five rhizobial inoculant strains (NC 92, KNUST 1002, KNUST 1003, KNUST 1006, and BR 3267), two N fertilizer levels (20 kg·N/ha and 40 kg·N/ha), and a control. The results showed that rhizobial inoculation and N fertilizer application increased nodulation, biomass yield, pod number, pod weight, hundred seed weight, nodule dry weight, and pod yield of groundnut compared with the control. Rhizobial inoculation averagely increased the nodulation and yield by 63 and 67%, respectively, compared with the control. Mineral N fertilizer (20 kg N/ha) on average increased the nodulation and yield by 24 and 25%, respectively, compared with the control plots. It can be recommended from this study that, in the absence of highly competitive rhizobial strains such as KNUST 1006 and NC 92 as biofertilizers for increasing the nodulation and yield of cowpea and groundnut, 20 kg·N/ha can be used for the purpose. Further research is recommended using these rhizobial strains in combination with lower rates of N fertilizers (<20 kg·ha−1).

Download Full-text

Effect of integrated nutrient management on baby corn (Zea mays L.)

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.18805/asd.v36i4.6470 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

Author(s):

V. R. Jinjala ◽

H. M. Virdia ◽

N. N. Saravaiya ◽

A. D. Raj

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Management ◽

Block Design ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Black Soil ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Integrated Nutrient Management ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Fodder Yield

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2011-12 on heavy black soil to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of baby corn. The treatments comprising all possible combinations of five levels of nitrogen (chemical and vermicompost fertilizer) with and without bio-fertilizer (Azotobacter and PSB) were laid out in randomized block design with three replications. These were significantly higher with application of 100% RDN from chemical fertilizer with bio-fertilizer over 100% RDN from vermicompost. The cob and fodder yields significantly differed with different integrated nutrient management treatment. Significantly the higher growth and yield attributes yield and fodder yield were recorded with the application of 100% RDF from chemical fertilizer with bio-fertilizer. Application of 100% RDN from chemical fertilizer with biofertilizer was recorded higher net returns over 100% RDN from vermicompost (Rs. 220775/ha) and BCR (12.54).

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of Nutrient Management on Water Quality Improvement: A Synthesis on Nitrate-Nitrogen Loss from Subsurface Drainage

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.14078 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 675-689

Author(s):

Wenlong Liu ◽

Yongping Yuan ◽

Lydia Koropeckyj-Cox

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Fertilizer Rate ◽

N Losses ◽

Nitrate N ◽

Management Plans ◽

Fertilizer Rates

HighlightsFertilizer rate was found to be the most important factor controlling flow-weighted nitrate-N concentrations.Organic fertilizer may significantly increase nitrate-N losses, but N content of manures can be variable.We did not find significant differences in nitrate-N export among fertilizer application methods or timing.Split fertilization reduced nitrate-N export at lower fertilizer rates (<167 kg N ha-1) but not at higher rates.Fertilizer N recommendations need re-evaluation to consider both environmental and economic effects.Abstract. Nutrient management, as described in NRCS Code 590, has been intensively investigated, with research largely focused on crop yields and water quality. Yet, due to complex processes and mechanisms in nutrient cycling (especially the nitrogen (N) cycle), there are many challenges in evaluating the effectiveness of nutrient management practices across site conditions. We therefore synthesized data from peer-reviewed publications on subsurface-drained agricultural fields in the Midwest U.S. with corn yield and drainage nitrate-N (NO3-N) export data published from 1980 to 2019. Through literature screening and data extraction from 43 publications, we obtained 577 site-years of data with detailed information on fertilization, corn yields, precipitation, drainage volume, and drainage NO3-N load/concentration or both. In addition, we estimated flow-weighted NO3-N concentrations ([NO3-N]) in drainage for those site-years where only load and volume were reported. Furthermore, we conducted a cost analysis using synthesized and surveyed corn yield data to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different nutrient management plans. Results from the synthesis showed that N fertilizer rate was strongly positively correlated with corn yields, NO3-N loads, and flow-weighted [NO3-N]. Reducing N fertilizer rates can effectively mitigate NO3-N losses from agricultural fields; however, our cost analysis showed negative economic returns for continuous corn production at lower N rates. In addition, organic fertilizers significantly boosted corn yields and NO3-N losses compared to inorganic fertilizers at comparable rates; however, accurate quantification of plant-available N in organic fertilizers is necessary to guide appropriate nutrient management plans because the nutrient content may be highly variable. In terms of fertilizer application methods, we did not find significant differences in NO3-N export in drainage discharge. Lastly, impact of fertilization timing on NO3-N export varied depending on other factors such as fertilizer rate, source, and weather. According to these results, we suggest that further efforts are still required to produce effective local nutrient management plans. Furthermore, government agencies such as USDA-NRCS need to work with other agencies such as USEPA to address the potential economic losses due to implementation of lower fertilizer rates for water quality improvement. Keywords: Conservation practice, Corn yields, Cost-effectiveness, NO3-N loss, Nutrient management, Subsurface drainage, Midwest U.S.

Download Full-text

Testing of different ways of N-fertilizer application for decreasing the nitrate content in some vegetable crops

Progress in Nitrogen Cycling Studies ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-5450-5_45 ◽

1996 ◽

pp. 265-270

Author(s):

L. L. Raikova ◽

D. A. Stoichev ◽

G. K. Angelov ◽

D. I. Stoicheva

Keyword(s):

Fertilizer Application ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Nitrate Content ◽

Vegetable Crops

Download Full-text

Influence of different nitrogen inhibitors on maize yield

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-9859 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Heiling ◽

Mahdi Shorafa ◽

Rayehe Mirkhani ◽

Elden Willems ◽

Arsenio Toloza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Nitrification Inhibitor ◽

Maize Yield ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Nitrification Inhibitors ◽

Stable Form ◽

N Losses ◽

N Fertilizers ◽

Significant Difference

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer management is challenging due to the many factors and have low N use efficiency (NUE). Heavy N losses from soil reduce plant yield and have negative impacts on the environment. Nitrogen processes inhibitors, such as urease and nitrification inhibitors (UI and NI), are chemical compounds which reduce urea hydrolysis and nitrification respectively. By coating ammonium based chemical fertilizers with N process inhibitors allows N to stay in a more stable form of ammonium (NH4+) thus minimising N losses as well as improving NUE and consequently enhancing crop yield.A field experiment was established at the Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Laboratory (SWMCNL) in Seibersdorf, Austria to determine the effect of different N fertilizers coated with N process inhibitors on maize yield in summer 2020. The field site is characterised by a moderately shallow Chernozem soil with significant gravel content. Three combinations of N fertilizer (urea or NPK) with N process inhibitors (UI and/or NI)) were tested and compared with a control treatment (without N fertilizer) and a urea application without any inhibitor. All treatments received 60 kg ha-1 P2O5 and 146 kg ha-1 K2O. The amount of N added to each treatment receiving N fertilizer was 120 kg N ha-1. The inhibitors used were (i) UI (2-NPT: N-(2-nitrophenyl) phosphoric acid triamide), (ii) NI-1 (MPA: N-[3(5)-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) methyl] acetamide), and (iii) NI-2 (DMPP: 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate). DMPP, a nitrification inhibitor, was used in combination with NPK fertilizer. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used in this study. Treatments were: T1 (control treatment - without N fertilizer), T2 (Urea only), T3 (Urea + UI), T4 (Urea + UI + NI-1), and T5 (NPK + NI-2). Urea was applied through two split applications in the T2 treatment. In T3, T4, and T5 treatments, N fertilizers were applied only once. Supplemental irrigation was only applied in the early stages of growth, to ensure that the crop could establish. Harvest was carried out at 98 days after planting.The yield data showed that different fertilizer treatments had a significant (p &#8804; 0.01) effect on maize yield (dry matter production). There was no significant difference between treatments 4 and 5, which had the highest yield followed by treatments 2 and 3. The comparison between T2 and T3 showed that the application of a urease inhibitor avoids the need for a split application of urea, which decreases labour costs. Adding NI-1 (under T4) further increases the yield. Also, the package of NPK, a common choice by farmers in Austria, in combination with the nitrification inhibitor NI-2 showed equally good results as urea combined with two inhibitors. Based on the yield results, it can be concluded that N process inhibitors play a significant role in enhancing maize yields.

Download Full-text

Different carbon sources enhance system productivity and reduce greenhouse gas intensity

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/83/2018-pse ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 463-469 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yeboah Stephen ◽

Zhang Reanzhi ◽

Cai Liqun ◽

Jun Wu

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

Block Design ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

System Productivity ◽

Management Guidelines ◽

Soil P ◽

Greenhouse Gas Intensity

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of biochar, straw and nitrogen (N) fertilizer on soil properties, crop yield and greenhouse gas intensity in rainfed spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and to produce background dataset to improve nutrient management guidelines for semiarid environments. The two carbon sources (straw and biochar) were applied alone or combined with nitrogen fertilizer (urea, 46% N), whilst the soil without carbon amendment was fertilized by urea in the rates 0, 50 and 100 kg N/ha. The experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The greatest yields were found with 100 kg N/ha under biochar, straw and soils without carbon. Biochar treated soils produced the greatest grain yield at 1906 kg/ha, followed by straw at 1643 kg/ha, and soils without carbon at 1553 kg/ha. This was explained by increased easily oxidizable carbon and total soil nitrogen in the biochar treated soil (P < 0.05). Straw treated soils and soils without carbon increased global warming potential by 13% and 14% compared to biochar amended soils. The biochar amended treatment also improved easily oxidizable carbon and total nitrogen (P < 0.05), which supported the above results. BN100 (15 t/ha biochar + 100 kg N/ha) reduced greenhouse gas intensity by approximately 30% compared to CN100 (100 kg N/ha applied each year) and SN50 (4.5 t/ha straw applied each year + 50 kg N/ha). Based on these results, biochar could be used with N-fertilizer as a soil conditioner to improve yield and reduced greenhouse gas intensity.

Download Full-text

Increasing the Growth and Production of Irrigated Rice Through the Integrated Application of Rice–Duck–Azolla

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.7322 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Etty Safriyani ◽

Mery Hasmeda ◽

Munandar Munandar ◽

Firdauas Sulaiman ◽

Holidi Holidi

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Irrigated Rice ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Integrated Agriculture

The application of integrated agriculture is an effort to reduce dependence up on agrochemicals and increase the absorption of nutrients, especially nitrogen, to increase plant growth and production. Azolla is an algae that can provide nitrogen for rice, while ducks can increase the availability of N, P, and K, as well as the efficiency of nitrogen use. This research aimed to evaluate the role of ducks and Azolla in increasing the growth and production of rice plants. This research was conducted from October 2018 to February 2019 using an experimental method with a nonfactorial randomized block design. The combinations of nitrogen fertilizers, Azolla, and ducks (K) were as follows: K1 = 115 kg N ha−1, without ducks, without Azolla; K2 = 86 kg N ha−1, without ducks, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K3 = 86 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K4 = 58 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K5 = 29 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; and K6 = without N fertilizer, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1. The results showed that the application of 58 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, and 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1 (K4) was able to decrease the N fertilizer application by 50% and increase the rice growth and yield by 12.17% and 20.32%, respectively. Therefore, the integrated application of rice–duck–Azolla would support sustainable agriculture.

Download Full-text

EFFECTS OF N FERTILITY, PLANT DENSITY AND CULTIVAR ON YIELD OF DILL

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1165f ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1165f-1165

Author(s):

Owusu Bandele ◽

Xenia Wolff ◽

Byron Belvitt ◽

Justin Egbe

Keyword(s):

Plant Density ◽

Long Island ◽

Block Design ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Planting Density ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Main Plot ◽

N Fertility ◽

N Fertilizer Rate

Two experiments were conducted in 1988 and 1990 to determine the effects of planting density, N fertilizer rate, and cultivar on fresh yield of dill. A split plot design was used in the first experiment in which planting density (one versus two rows per bed) was the main plot treatment and N rate (0, 56, 112 kg/ha) was the subplot treatment. A European cultivar, `Crown,' was used in the first experiment in 1988 while `Long Island Mammoth' was planted in 1990, N was applied in split applications while both K2 O and P2 O5 were preplant incorporated at the rate of 134 kg/ha. Planting was done on bedded rows approximately 66 cm wide and 15 cm high. N fertilizer application did not affect yield in 1988. Leaf, stem, flower, and total yields were greater for the high density planting. The second experiment evaluated yield of four cultivars (`Tetra,' `Bouquet.' `Long Island Mammoth,' and `Crown') using a randomized complete block design. `Long Island Mammoth' and `Tetra' produced greater leaf and total fresh weight while `Long Island Mammoth' and `Bouquet' produced greater flower fresh weight.

Download Full-text

Productivity of Two Rice Varieties Using Ratoon System Through N Fertilizing Treatments at Two Flooding Types on Tidal Lowland Area

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajaar/2021/v16i230173 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 52-59

Author(s):

. Gribaldi ◽

. Nurlaili ◽

Ekawati Danial ◽

Firnawati Sakalena

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Block Design ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Main Crop ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Rice Hybrid ◽

Lowland Area ◽

Increase Productivity

Aims: This research objective was to determine productivity of two rice varieties using ratoon system through regulation of N fertilizer application at two flooding types in tidal lowland area. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted from February to July 2020 at two locations in tidal lowland area, i.e. B-type flooding located at -203859, 132S 10404428,449E and C-type flooding located at -203858,81S 10404426,745E in Mura Sugih Village, Tanjung Lago Subdistrict, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Study Design: The experimental design used in this study was Factorial Randomized Block Design with two treatments factors and four replications. The variety treatments (V) were consisted of V1: Inpari 30 and V2: Hipa 5 Ceva. N fertilizer application treatments (A) were consisted of A1: N fertilizing: 1/3 dose at planting period + 1/3 dose at 42 dap + 1/3 dose at 1 day after harvest (dah) of main crop; A2: N fertilizing: 1/3 dose at planting period + 1/3 dose at 42 dap + 1/6 dose at 1 dah of main crop + 1/6 dose at 21 dah of main crop. Result: The results showed that N fertilizer application regulation can increase productivity of two rice varieties using ratoon system at two flooding types land in tidal lowland area. Productivity of rice hybrid (Hipa 5 ceva) tend to be higher than that of rice inbred (Inpari 30) using ratoon system at two flooding types land in tidal lowland area. Productivity of two rice varieties using ratoon system tend to be higher at B-flooding type land than that of C- flooding type land.

Download Full-text

Kajian Peningkatan Produktivitas Padi Sawah Melalui Pengelolaan Hara Spesifik Lokasi (PHSL) Pada Lahan Berpotensi Hasil Rendah

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan ◽

10.25181/jppt.v16i1.73 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Syahrial Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Potential Productivity ◽

Specific Location ◽

Affected Plant

The experiments was conducted at Kasang village, district of Batang Anai, Padang Pariaman regency during June until December 2013. The objectives of this experiment was to increased lowland rice production through specific location of nutrient management (SLNM) on low potential productivity of lowland. Four packages of fertilization such as Package A, B, C and D were arranged in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 6 replications. Result of this experiment showed that; (1) SLNM treatments were significantly affected plant growth such as tiller number and plant high. Saveral of yield components also significantly affected by SLNM treatments packages such as panicles number, number of seeds per panicle, and percentage of filled grains. SLNM package A, B, and C significantly increased grain yields such as 24.9%, 34.2%, and 29.5% respectively compred to farmer package (Package D). The low grain yield with Famer package caused insufficient nutrient supplied for plant growth and yield is due to low fertilizer application and inaccurate nutrient management. The experiment suggested that the best application of inorganic fertilizer should be followed or combined with organic fertilizer such as animal manure or compost and the application of thus material should be in mature condition. Key Words: rice, specific location, fertilizer

Download Full-text