scholarly journals Additional intraoral radiographs may change the judgment regarding the final position of orthodontic mini-implants

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Marina K. Oba ◽  
Guido A. Marañón-Vásquez ◽  
Fábio L. Romano ◽  
Christiano Oliveira-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Degree Of Certainty ◽  
Viewing Sessions

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to assess if additional vertical bitewing (VBW) and/or occlusal (OC) radiographs may change initial judgment based only on periapical radiograph (PAR) about the final position of orthodontic mini-implants (OMI). Methods: Subjective and objective analyses were performed. Radiographic images of 26 OMI were divided into four groups: PAR, PAR+VBW, PAR+OC and ALL (PAR+VBW+OC). For subjective analysis, five observers were asked to assess if the position of OMI was favorable to its success, using questionnaires with a four-point scale for responses: 1= definitely not favorable, 2= probably not favorable, 3= probably favorable, or 4= definitely favorable. Each group containing sets of images was presented to them in four different viewing sessions. Objective evaluation compared horizontal distances between OMI tip and the root nearest to the device in PAR and VBW. Results: Most of observers (3 out of 5) changed their initial judgment based on PAR about OMI position when additional radiographs were analyzed. Differences between groups (i.e. PAR vs. PAR+VBW; PAR vs. PAR+OC; and, PARvs.ALL) were statistically significant for these observers. For those that changed their judgment about OMI position, confidence level could significantly increase, decrease or even be maintained, not indicating a pattern. There was no agreement for distances between OMI tip and the root nearest to the device in PAR and VBW. Conclusion: Considering the limitations of the study, it is concluded that additional radiographic images may change the judgement about OMI final position without necessarily increasing the degree of certainty of such judgment.

scholarly journals Pansharpening of WorldView-2 Data via Graph Regularized Sparse Coding and Adaptive Coupled Dictionary

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3586
Author(s):  
Wenqing Wang ◽  
Han Liu ◽  
Guo Xie
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sparse Representation ◽  
Sparse Coding ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Image Patch ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
High Resolution Image ◽  
Sparse Coefficient

The spectral mismatch between a multispectral (MS) image and its corresponding panchromatic (PAN) image affects the pansharpening quality, especially for WorldView-2 data. To handle this problem, a pansharpening method based on graph regularized sparse coding (GRSC) and adaptive coupled dictionary is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the pansharpening process is divided into three tasks according to the degree of correlation among the MS and PAN channels and the relative spectral response of WorldView-2 sensor. Then, for each task, the image patch set from the MS channels is clustered into several subsets, and the sparse representation of each subset is estimated through the GRSC algorithm. Besides, an adaptive coupled dictionary pair for each task is constructed to effectively represent the subsets. Finally, the high-resolution image subsets for each task are obtained by multiplying the estimated sparse coefficient matrix by the corresponding dictionary. A variety of experiments are conducted on the WorldView-2 data, and the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better performance than the existing pansharpening algorithms in both subjective analysis and objective evaluation.

scholarly journals Mini-implants: mechanical resource for molars uprighting

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susiane Allgayer ◽  
Deborah Platcheck ◽  
Ivana Ardenghi Vargas ◽  
Raphael Carlos Drumond Loro
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Angle Class Ii ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Temporary Anchorage Devices ◽  
Tooth Impaction ◽  
Treatment Stage ◽  
Two Phases

INTRODUCTION: The early orthodontic treatment allows correction of skeletal discrepancies by growth control, and the elimination of deleterious habits, which are risk factors for the development of malocclusions, favoring for the correction of tooth positioning later in a second treatment stage. During development of teeth and occlusion, the mandibular second molars commonly erupt in the oral cavity after all other teeth of the anterior region. In their eruptive process there may be a condition known as tooth impaction, which precludes its complete eruption and requires proper uprighting treatment. The temporary anchorage devices allow disimpaction and movement of these teeth directly to their final position, without the need of patient compliance or reaction movements in other parts of the arch. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims at describing a case report of the treatment of a patient with Angle Class II malocclusion, performed in two phases, in which mini-implants were used for uprighting the impacted mandibular second molars.

Subjective Analysis and Objective Evaluation of Vehicle Sound Quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 674-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yan Zuo ◽  
Shuai Li Zhou ◽  
Wen Feng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Constant Velocity ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Acoustical Parameters ◽  
Vehicle Interior ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
Evaluation Test

The interior noise samples from four cars at different positions and different speeds were selected as the evaluation objects. The subjective evaluation test of sound quality preference was carried out with paired comparison method. Several objective psycho-acoustical parameters of these samples were calculated. By way of linear correlation and multi-dimensional regression analysis, an equation between the subjective evaluation of noise preference and the objective psycho-acoustical parameters was established. The results indicate that the vehicle interior sound quality preference under the good highway and the constant-velocity driving conditions is affected mainly by two psycho-acoustical parameters Loudness and Sharpness.

Hypofractionated, normofractionated and intraoperative breast irradiation: Long term cosmetic outcome based on photographic evaluation.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 568-568
Author(s):  
Tarek Ellethy ◽  
Grit Welzel ◽  
Elena Sperk ◽  
Christian Neumaier ◽  
Benjamin Tuschy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Cosmetic Outcome ◽  
Breast Volume ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Radiotherapy ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Good Cosmesis

568 Background: Photographic documentation of breast changes after breast radiotherapy (RT) is a helpful tool to both subjectively and objectively evaluate cosmesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate cosmesis in breast cancer patients after receiving hypofractionated whole breast RT (HF-WBRT), normofractionated (NF-WBRT), intraoperative RT (IORT) or combined WBRT/IORT. Methods: After excluding cases with missing or inadequate photos from three prospective clinical trials, KOSIMA, TARGIT-A & TARGIT-E, 155 and 205 cases were included in a subjective analysis while 132 and 185 cases were included in an objective analysis postoperatively and after 2 years respectively. Subjective evaluation was done by 9 observers using the Harvard scale. Objective evaluation was done by assessing percentage breast retraction (pBRA). Based on the treatment received, patients were divided into 5 groups: 1. HF-WBRT 40/2,67 Gy ± Boost, 2. NF-WBRT 50/2 Gy ± Boost, 3. NF-WBRT 56/2 Gy, 4. IORT 20 Gy, 5. IORT 20 Gy+WBRT 46/2 Gy. Results: Subjectively, the rate of excellent-good cosmesis was 92% postoperatively and 84% after 2 years while objectively it was around 56% at both time points. At 2 years, no significant difference was observed between the 5 treatment groups with the subjective excellent-good cosmesis being 82%, 80%, 92%, 83%, 85% (p = 0.546) and objective being 56%, 61%, 52%, 53%, 50% (p = 0.883) in groups 1-5 respectively. Factors possibly affecting cosmesis at 2 years were examined. No significant difference was observed with age, smoking, BMI, chemotherapy, hormone therapy or type of axillary surgery. Significantly better cosmesis was observed with upper outer tumor location compared to other quadrants (p < 0.0001) also with a ratio of excised/total breast volume under 20% (p < 0.0294). Conclusions: Cosmetic outcome after hypofractionated and IORT was similar to normofractionated breast RT. After 2 years of treatment, cosmetic deterioration remained acceptable, overall < 10%. Tumor location and excised breast volume were the only factors significantly affecting cosmetic outcome.

scholarly journals An Object-Oriented Verification of Three NWP Model Formulations via Cluster Analysis: An Objective and a Subjective Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (9) ◽  
pp. 3392-3407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caren Marzban ◽  
Scott Sandgathe ◽  
Hilary Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Numerical Weather Prediction Model ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
Timing Errors ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Recently, an object-oriented verification scheme was developed for assessing errors in forecasts of spatial fields. The main goal of the scheme was to allow the automatic and objective evaluation of a large number of forecasts. However, processing speed was an obstacle. Here, it is shown that the methodology can be revised to increase efficiency, allowing for the evaluation of 32 days of reflectivity forecasts from three different mesoscale numerical weather prediction model formulations. It is demonstrated that the methodology can address not only spatial errors, but also intensity and timing errors. The results of the verification are compared with those performed by a human expert. For the case when the analysis involves only spatial information (and not intensity), although there exist variations from day to day, it is found that the three model formulations perform comparably, over the 32 days examined and across a wide range of spatial scales. However, the higher-resolution model formulation appears to have a slight edge over the other two; the statistical significance of that conclusion is weak but nontrivial. When intensity is included in the analysis, it is found that these conclusions are generally unaffected. As for timing errors, although for specific dates a model may have different timing errors on different spatial scales, over the 32-day period the three models are mostly “on time.” Moreover, although the method is nonsubjective, its results are shown to be consistent with an expert’s analysis of the 32 forecasts. This conclusion is tentative because of the focused nature of the data, spanning only one season in one year. But the proposed methodology now allows for the verification of many more forecasts.

Halothane genotype by weight interactions on pig meat quality

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Sather ◽  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
A. K. W. Tong ◽  
A. C. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Pig Meat ◽  
Muscle Color ◽  
Matter Basis

The effects of slaughter weight on pork quality as influenced by halothane genotype and breed (Lacombe: LAC, NN-genotype; Yorkshire: YRK, NN-genotype) were investigated in 312 carcasses ranging in weight from less than 65 kg to greater than 105 kg. When adjusted to a warm carcass weight of 87 kg, the longissimus of LAC pigs has normal color and structure scores (2.96 and 2.99, respectively), while halothane-sensitive pigs (HSL, nn-genotype) and XBD (HSL × LAC, Nn-genotype) pigs had inferior color (2.69 and 2.83) and structure (2.55 and 2.74) scores on a 5-point scale with 3 being desirable. The results were corroborated with objective measurements of meat quality including expressible juice, drip, protein solubility and muscle color. At lighter carcass weights (65–75 kg), XBD pigs had pork quality characteristics similar to those of LAC pigs, while at heavier carcass weights (95–105 kg) pork quality from these pigs more closely resembled those of the HSL pigs. Subjective pork color and structure scoring of 85-kg YRK and LAC carcasses suggested they were normal and equivalent to each other. However, objective evaluation of pork quality found that YRK carcasses had 15 g kg −1 greater expressible juice, 8 g kg−1 greater drip and 7 g kg−1 less soluble protein than LAC carcasses, indicating meat from YRK carcasses would have lower processing yields than meat from LAC carcasses. LAC carcasses had 6 kg kg−1 greater intramuscular fat on a wet-matter basis than YRK. These results suggest that the dominance of the halothane gene as it affects pork quality may increase with increasing slaughter weight, and LAC pigs produce higher quality pork than YRK pigs. Key words: Meat quality, market weight, genotype, halothane gene, Lacombe, Yorkshire

scholarly journals P018: Blocked practice outperforms random practice for learning resuscitative transesophageal echocardiography: a randomized controlled trial

CJEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (S1) ◽  
pp. S63-S63
Author(s):  
J. Chenkin ◽  
R. Brydges ◽  
T. Jelic ◽  
E. Hockmann
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Transesophageal Echocardiography ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Transfer Test ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Skill Assessment ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Scan Time

Introduction: Resuscitative clinician-performed transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a relatively new ultrasound application, however the optimal teaching methods have not been determined. Previous studies have demonstrated that random practice (RP), which increases the variability of training, may improve learning of procedural skills compared with blocked practice (BP). We compared RP and BP for teaching a resuscitative TEE protocol to emergency medicine residents using a simulator. Methods: We recruited emergency medicine residents with no prior TEE experience from a university-affiliated hospital. Participants completed a questionnaire and baseline skill assessment on a simulator, then were randomized to one of two groups. The BP group completed 10 repetitions of a fixed 5-view TEE sequence with instructor feedback, while the RP group completed 10 different random 5-view TEE sequences with feedback. Participants completed a simulation-based performance assessment immediately, and a transfer test consisting of a simulated patient encounter 1-2 weeks after training. Ultrasound images and transducer motion metrics were captured by the simulator for blinded analysis. Our primary outcome was the percentage of successful views on the transfer test, and secondary outcomes included participants confidence level, image quality, percentage of correct diagnoses, and efficiency of movement. We compared all scores using two-tailed, independent samples t-tests. Results: 22 participants completed the study (11 in the RP group, 11 in the BP group). There were no significant baseline differences between the groups. The BP group had a higher rate of successful views compared with the RP group on the transfer test (92.7% vs 80.9%, p=0.02). While not statistically significant, the BP group had higher image quality on a 5-point scale (3.2 vs 2.9, p=0.09), and fewer probe accelerations (297 vs 403, p=0.09). The groups did not differ in rate of correct diagnoses (77.3% vs 72.7%, p=0.73), confidence level on a 10-point scale (6.2 vs 6.2, p=1.0), or scan time (173 vs 199 seconds, p=0.28). Conclusion: Emergency medicine residents randomized to BP had a higher success rate on a transfer test, compared to RP when learning resuscitative TEE using a simulator. We consider this pilot work that can inform future studies in both simulation and real clinical settings.

Perception of Distorted "R" Sounds in the Synthesized Speech of Chlldren and Adults

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Sharf ◽  
Ralph N. Ohde
Keyword(s):  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Graduate Level ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Synthesized Speech ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
High Degree

Adult and Child manifolds were generated by synthesizing 5 X 5 matrices of/Cej/ type utterances in which F2 and F3 frequencies were systematically varied. Manifold stimuli were presented to 11 graduate-level speech-language pathology students in two conditions: (a) a rating condition in which stimuli were rated on a 4-point scale between good /r/and good /w/; and (b) a labeling condition in which stimuli were labeled as "R," "W," "distorted R." or "N" (for none of the previous choices). It was found that (a) stimuli with low F2 and high F3 frequencies were rated 1.0nmdas;1.4; those with high F2 and low F3 frequencies were rated 3.6–4.0, and those with intermediate values were rated 1.5–3.5; (b) stimuli rated 1.0–1.4 were labeled as "W" and stimuli rated 3.6–4.0 were labeled as "R"; (c) none of the Child manifold stimuli were labeled as distorted "R" and one of the Adult manifold stimuli approached a level of identification that approached the percentage of identification for "R" and "W": and (d) rating and labeling tasks were performed with a high degree of reliability.

Das rupturierte infrarenale Aortenaneurysma – eine kritische Analyse

VASA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bürger ◽  
Meyer ◽  
Tautenhahn ◽  
Halloul
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Rupture ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Apache Ii ◽  
Apache Ii Score ◽  
Infrarenal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Probability Of Death

Background: Objective evaluation of the management of patients with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysm in emergency situations has been described rarely. Patients and methods: Fifty-two consecutive patients with ruptured infrarenal aortic aneurysm (mean age, 70.3 years; range, 56–89 years; SD 7.8) were admitted between January 1993 and March 1998. Emergency protocols, final reports, and follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively. APACHE II scores at admission and fifth postoperative day were assessed. Results: The time between the appearance of first symptoms and the referral of patients to the hospital was more than 5 hours in 37 patients (71%). Thirty-eight patients (71%) had signs of shock at time of admission. Ultrasound was performed in 81% of patients as the first diagnostic procedure. The most frequent site of aortic rupture was the left retroperitoneum (87%). Intraoperatively, acute left ventricular failure occurred in four patients, and cardiac arrest in two others. The postoperative course was complicated significantly in 34 patients. The overall mortality rate was 36.5% (n = 19). In 35 patients, APACHE II score was assessed, showing a probability of death of more than 40% in five patients and lower than 30% in 17 others. No patient showing probability of death of above 75% at the fifth postoperative day survived (n = 7). Conclusions: Ruptured aortic aneurysm demands surgical intervention. Clinical outcome is also influenced by preclinical and anesthetic management. The severity of disease as well as the patient’s prognosis can be approximated using APACHE II score. Treatment results of heterogenous patient groups can be compared.

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