scholarly journals Distribution and isotopic composition of lead in bottom sediments from the hydrographic system of Belém, Pará (western margin of Guajará Bay and Carnapijó River)

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elma Costa Oliveira ◽  
Jean Michel Lafon ◽  
José Augusto Martins Corrêa ◽  
Jully Hellen dos Santos Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
River System ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Western Margin ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Anthropogenic Contribution

ABSTRACT: This study first aimed to evaluate the effect of human activities on the distribution of lead within the estuarine system of Belém, Pará. This was achieved by studying the concentration and isotopic signature of Pb in bottom sediments from the western margin of Guajará Bay and from Carnapijó River, an area removed from the influence of the city of Belém. Secondly, the contribution of suspended matter in the transportation of anthropogenic Pb in Guajará Bay was evaluated. Third, the content and background isotopic signature of Pb in the hydrographic system of Belém was determined. Isotopic signatures of sediments from the western margin of Guajará Bay confirm an anthropogenic contribution of Pb throughout the entire bay. The Pb accumulation process has become more efficient over the last 10 years, and this can be attributed to the rapid population growth of Belém city. Sediments in Carnapijó River are not affected by human activities, and the average concentration values (Pb = 19.6 ± 3.7 mg kg-1) and isotopic signatures (206Pb/207Pb = 1.196 ± 0.004) confirm the background Pb values previously proposed for the river system in the Belém region. The isotopic signatures of suspended matter on the eastern (206Pb/207Pb = 1.188) and western (206Pb/207Pb = 1.174) margins of Guajará Bay show that suspended matter is an efficient Pb transportation mechanism of domestic and industrial wastewater from Belém to the western margin of the Bay due to tidal effects at the confluence with Guamá River.

scholarly journals The Effect of Storage on the Radiocarbon, Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Signatures and Concentrations of Riverine DOM

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1113-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Gulliver ◽  
S Waldron ◽  
E M Scott ◽  
C L Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Stream Water ◽  
River System ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Storage Method ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Chemical Preservatives

Chemical preservatives (e.g. mercuric chloride) are routinely added to freshwater samples to prevent biological activity compromising the isotopic signature of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with time. However, alternative preservation methods are needed due to regulations restricting the use of preservatives with potentially adverse environmental and health impacts, rendering such additions unviable. This study investigates whether a non-chemical storage method is sufficient to maintain the radiocarbon and stable carbon and nitrogen signatures of freshwater DOM from a low order river system draining a peaty catchment. Some 50 L of stream water were collected in 1 plastic carbuoy and, within 24 hr, 1-L aliquots were transferred to acid-washed plastic bottles. Five aliquots were analyzed immediately to determine the baseline values for 14C (pMC), δ13C (VPDB‰), δ15N (AIR‰), %C (mg L–1), and %N (mg L–1). Of the remaining subsamples, 20 were frozen and a further 20 refrigerated at <4 °C. After 7, 30, 90, and 180 days, 5 frozen and 5 refrigerated aliquots were analyzed in the same manner as the baseline aliquots. Analysis of the results shows that there is no statistically significant interaction between the variables storage method or length of storage for any of the determinants. Storage method has a statistically significant effect on 14C (pMC) and [C] (mg L–1). Length of storage has a statistically significant effect on δ13C (VPDB‰), [C] (mg L–1), and [N] (mg L–1) values. Neither storage method nor length of storage appear to have a statistically significant effect on 815N (AIR‰) values.

Wind surge influence on flows of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Don River delta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tkachenko ◽  
Veronika Piskareva ◽  
Timur Koshovsky ◽  
Alexander Gennadiev ◽  
Mikhail Lychagin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Don River ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

&lt;p&gt;The Don River Delta is densely populated and subjected to the significant anthropogenic impact caused by agriculture, shipping, recreation and fishing activities. One of the major problems in the delta is wind surges, which cause catastrophic consequences due to the sharp water rise (up to 3,2 meter in 2014). Increasing technogenic pressure coupled with the unstable hydrological regime determines great interest of scientists in its study. Research of aquatic systems of the Don River delta carried out by the authors since 2012. Since that, a great data on heavy metals (HM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) content in water, suspended matter and bottom sediments has been received. The data characterize different hydrological conditions including spring flood, summer and winter low water periods, and water surges of 2014 and 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The content of HMs and PAHs in water and suspended matter of the Don delta is usually below the world average. There is a significant seasonal and spatial variability in the concentration of pollutants in suspended matter. In general, the majority of heavy metals are characterized by an increase in contents from the top of the delta to the estuary seaside. Deltaic waters were found polluted Cu with the maximum value in the mouth of the main shipping channel. Increased concentrations of HMs and PAHs are observed near or downstream of settlements and industrial facilities. According to seasonal changes the heavy metals in the Don delta can be divided into 2 groups. The first group includes Fe, Mn and Pb, which maximum concentrations are characteristic of the winter low-water period. The second group includes Cu, Ni, Zn and Mo, with the highest content during floods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The average concentration of PAHs in the summer-autumn low-water period (300 ng/g) is almost 10 times lower than in the winter low-water period (3000 ng/g). The composition of PAHs in suspended matters is dominated by light compounds: diphenyl-phenanthrene-naphthalene association in the summer-autumn low-water period and phenanthrene-naphthalene-anthracene association during the winter low-water period. Small low-flow channels have a low content of polyarenes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Surge events significantly affect the spatial distribution of HMs and polyarenes in suspended matter and bottom sediments, mainly due to an increase in flow turbulence. During the surge the content of HMs and PAHs in upper part of the sediments was found decreased, since in suspended matter increased.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This work was carried out with the financial support of the RFBR grant 18-05-80094.&lt;/p&gt;

Methodical Peculiarities of the Preparation of Samples of Suspended Matter and Bottom Sediments

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Zhezherya ◽  
P. N. Linnik ◽  
T. P. Zhezherya ◽  
M. P. Skobley
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Suspended Matter

scholarly journals The δ13C, δ18O and Δ47 records in biogenic, pedogenic and geogenic carbonate types from paleosol-loess sequence and their paleoenvironmental meaning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Kazem Zamanian ◽  
Alex R. Lechler ◽  
Andrew J. Schauer ◽  
Yakov Kuzyakov ◽  
Katharine W. Huntington
Keyword(s):  
Land Snail ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Pedogenic Carbonates ◽  
Rhine Valley ◽  
Clumped Isotope ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Sediment Layers ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions

Abstract Paleoenvironmental reconstructions are commonly based on isotopic signatures of a variety of carbonate types, including rhizoliths and land-snail shells, present in paleosol-loess sequences. However, various carbonate types are formed through distinct biotic and abiotic processes over various periods, and therefore may record diverging environmental information in the same sedimentological layer. Here, we investigate the effects of carbonate type on δ13C, δ18O, and clumped isotope-derived paleotemperature [T(Δ47)] from the Quaternary Nussloch paleosol-loess sequence (Rhine Valley, SW Germany). δ13C, δ18O, and T(Δ47) values of co-occurring rhizoliths (-8.2‰ to -5.8‰, -6.1‰ to -5.9‰, 12–32°C, respectively), loess dolls (-7.0‰, -5.6‰, 23°C), land-snail shells (-8.1‰ to -3.2‰, -4.0‰ to -2.2‰, 12–38°C), earthworm biospheroliths (-11‰, -4.7‰, 8°C), and “bulk” carbonates (-1.9‰ to -0.5‰, -5.6‰ to -5.3‰, 78–120°C) from three sediment layers depend systematically on the carbonate type, admixture from geogenic carbonate, and the duration of formation periods. Based on these findings, we provide a comprehensive summary for the application of the three isotopic proxies of δ13C, δ18O, and Δ47 in biogenic and pedogenic carbonates present in the same sediment layer to reconstruct paleoenvironments (e.g., local vegetation, evaporative conditions, and temperature). We conclude that bulk carbonates in Nussloch loess should be excluded from paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Instead, pedogenic and biogenic carbonates should be used to provide context for interpreting the isotopic signature for detailed site- and time-specific paleoenvironmental information.

A Study of Campylobacter in Sewage, Sewage Sludge and in River Water

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Stelzer ◽  
J. Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electrophoretic Pattern ◽  
River System ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Oxidation Pond ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Whole Cell Protein

This study is aimed at determining the occurrence of campylobacters in waste water, sewage sludge and in a river system. The selective medium for the isolation of campylobacter consists of blood agar supplemented with the antibiotics vancomycin (10 µg/ml), cephalexin (15 µg/ml), trimethoprim (5 µg/ml), polymycin B (2.5 µg/ml) and rifampicin (5 µg/ml). Raw sewage samples contained about 103 Campylobacter/100 ml while the effluent showed an average concentration of 1.3 × 102/100 ml. Raw sewage from an oxidation pond treatment plant contained an average of 51 Campylobacter/100 ml while none were found in the effluent. No Campylobacter could be found in digested, conditioned sludge. The organism could be detected in 82.1% of river waters examined with the majority showing &lt;10/100 ml. The presence of waterfowl and the faecal contamination from a poultry farm resulted in higher Campylobacter levels. About 50 % of the isolates typed as C. coli were really confirmed as C. jejuni by electrophoretic pattern (whole cell protein profiles).

scholarly journals The Moroccan Massive Sulphide Deposits: Evidence for a Polyphase Mineralization

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abderrahim Essaifi ◽  
Kathryn Goodenough ◽  
Fernando Tornos ◽  
Abdelhak Outigua ◽  
Abdelmalek Ouadjou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Isotopes ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Massive Sulphide ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Crustal Block ◽  
Massive Sulphide Deposits ◽  
Sulphide Deposits

This work provides an overview of the geological, geochemical, and metallogenic data available up to date on the Moroccan massive sulphide deposits, including some new results, and then discusses the evidences for the epigenetic and syngenetic hypotheses. All of the ore deposits are located within a crustal block located at the intersection between two major shear zones and are characterized by a sustained and long-lived magmatic activity. The ore deposits are located within second-order shear zones, which played an important role in controlling the geometry of the mineralization. The mineralization lacks the unequivocal textural and structural features that are indicative of a sedimentary or diagenetic origin, and a syntectonic to late-tectonic pyrite-rich assemblage is superimposed on an earlier, pretectonic to syntectonic pyrrhotite-rich mineralization. Each deposit has a distinctive pyrrhotite sulfur isotopic signature, while the sulfur isotopic signature of pyrite is similar in all deposits. Lead isotopes suggest a shift from a magmatic source during the pyrrhotite-rich mineralization to a source that is inherited from the host shales during the pyrite-rich mineralization. The O/H isotopic signatures record a predominance of fluids of metamorphic derivation. These results are consistent with a model in which an earlier pyrrhotite-rich mineralization, which formed during transtension, was deformed and then remobilized to pyrite-rich mineralization during transpression.

scholarly journals The study of the suitability for use in agriculture of sludge and hydrochemical indicators of water in the reservoirs of the fish farm LLC “Albashi”

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Natalya Yurina ◽  
Denis Yurin ◽  
Irina Astakhova ◽  
Tatyana Shcherbatova ◽  
Igor Shcherbatov
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Hydrochemical Regime ◽  
Bottom Deposits ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Reservoir Type

The study of suitability for the use in agriculture of sludge deposits and hydrochemical indices of water bodies of fish-growing enterprise of LLC “Albashi” were carried out. It is an enterprise engaged in breeding and growing pond fish and sturgeon in pools and gardens, crayfish, growing aquapon greens. Fresh water bodies of reservoir type LLC “Albashi” contain a large number of bottom deposits. The layer of sludge deposits on the bottom in places reaches the power of 2-5 meters, and the underground power is difficult. Bottom sediments were taken from a depth of 1.0-1.2 m from the surface. The hydrochemical regime of the studied water bodies fully corresponds to the cultivation of aquaculture objects and hydroponic plants. Sufficient suspended matter in water (8.2 mg/dm3). The complete absence of dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, its metabolites and pesticides characterizes the products produced as environmentally safe. Consequently, bottom sediment site under study can be considered suitable for agricultural production.

scholarly journals Holocene Evolution of the Outer Lake of Hwajinpo Lagoon On the Eastern Coast of Korea; Environmental Changes with Holocene Sea-Level Fluctuation of the East Sea (Sea of Japan)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 797-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Gwon Yum ◽  
Kang-Min Yu ◽  
Keiji Takemura ◽  
Toshiro Naruse ◽  
Akihisa Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
River System ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Level Fluctuation ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuation ◽  
Low Sulfur Content

The evolution of the outer lake of Hwajinpo Lagoon in Korea has been reconstructed using environmental proxies (lithologic, geochemical, and fossil data) with a chronology established using 7 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates. Grain size, water content, and X-ray analyses from the core of outer coastal lakes (HJ99) were used to reconstruct sedimentary environments by using total organic carbon, C/N, S, and C/S chemical proxies. Assemblages of mollusc remains also provided paleoenvironmental information. The environmental changes of the outer lake of Hwajinpo Lagoon can be divided into 6 depositional phases. The basin of the Hwajinpo was exposed and underwent a weathering process before the Holocene period. The muddy sand layer on the weathered bedrock indicated an estuarine system about 6000 BP. The laminated layer implies that the lagoonal system was anoxic between about 5500–2800 BP. The marl layer implies a relatively oxic lagoonal condition with mollusc presence about 2500 B P. The layer of very low sulfur content indicates a freshwater lake system isolated by a sand barrier about 1700 BP. Beginning about 1000 B P, the river system deposits progress progradation on the marl layer. Two erosional landforms could be related with a high standing sea level span during Holocene. These high-stands are dated at 5700 BP and 2200 BP and are supposed to have formed erosional landforms of about 1.6 amsl and 0.8 amsl, respectively. Environmental changes of the outer lake of Hwajinpo Lagoon are considered due mainly to the lake- and sea-level fluctuation during Holocene.

scholarly journals Tellurium behaviour in a major European fluvial–estuarine system (Gironde, France): fluxes, solid/liquid partitioning and bioaccumulation in wild oysters

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teba Gil-Díaz ◽  
Jörg Schäfer ◽  
Lionel Dutruch ◽  
Cécile Bossy ◽  
Frédérique Pougnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Estuarine System ◽  
Environmental Behaviour ◽  
Gironde Estuary ◽  
Estuary Mouth ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Environmental contextThe environmental behaviour of tellurium is poorly understood. We investigate the transport of tellurium in both dissolved and particulate forms from the river watershed to the Gironde Estuary, where a 30-year historical record provides insight on tellurium bioaccumulation in wild oysters. These results constitute the first comprehensive study on natural tellurium behaviour in a major fluvial-estuarine system, information essential for predictive modelling of tellurium risk assessment. AbstractTellurium (Te) is a technology critical element (TCE) with largely unknown environmental behaviour, especially in continent-ocean interface systems. The unknown behaviour results from the lack of studies in aquatic environments and from analytical challenges limiting the determination of its naturally low (ultra-trace) environmental levels. We performed a comprehensive study of Te in the Lot–Garonne–Gironde fluvial–estuarine system to better understand seasonal variations, solid/liquid partitioning (Kd), gross fluxes, estuarine dynamics, and transfer to wild oysters at the estuary mouth. A temporal record (2014–2017) of dissolved (Ted) and particulate (Tep) Te concentrations at five sites in the Lot–Garonne River system shows little differences between sites, with average ~0.9ngL−1 and ~50µgkg−1 respective concentrations. Watershed Ted and Tep follow parallel seasonal patterns, which result in constant partitioning (log10 Kd ~4.75Lkg−1), with constant annual gross dissolved fluxes (~15.0kgy−1) and variable gross particulate fluxes (from 6.50 to 140kgy−1) entering the Gironde Estuary. Estuarine reactivity in contrasting hydrological conditions (from flood to drought) suggest that grain-size effects and/or estuarine hydrological residence times strongly affect Tep behaviour. Historical records (1984–2017) of Te in wild oysters at the estuary mouth vary from 1.33 to 2.89µgkg−1 dry weight (d.w.), without any clear long-term trend. This study provides rare knowledge on Te environmental dynamics in aquatic systems, and suggests that, although no current anthropogenic sources were identified in the economically developed Lot-Garonne-Gironde fluvial-estuarine system, there is a non-negligible bioaccumulation in wild oysters at the estuary mouth.

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