scholarly journals Growth and vase life of gladiolus plants cultivated under different conditions in the semi-arid region of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-407
Author(s):  
Lady Daiane Costa de Sousa ◽  
Kelem Silva Fonseca ◽  
Luzia Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Thieres George Freire da Silva ◽  
Lucas Vinicius Pierre de Andrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Cultivation conditions are determining factors that affect the quality of cut flowers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative growth, flowering and vase life of commercial gladiolus cultivars under different shading conditions in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Two cultivars of gladiolus (Jester and Rose Friendship) were grown under two conditions: full sun and 70% shade. Biometrics were evaluated 60 days after planting and the growth rate of the crop was evaluated at 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 days for the variables: number of tillers, stem diameter, number of leaves and plant height. After 45 days, the fresh weight, dry weight and total relative water content of the area and root parts of the plants were evaluated. After the harvest, the stems were kept at a temperature of 22±3 °C and relative humidity (RH) of 60%. Visual assessment, pH of the solution, variation in the volume of water and loss of fresh mass were measured every two days. Cultivation with 70% shading resulted in greater accumulation of biomass in the aerial part of gladiolus plants, greater neck diameter and height. The Rose Friendship cultivar underwent a greater translocation of dry matter to the aerial part of the plants, resulting in greater height. On the other hand, the gladiolus stems from cultivation under full sun conditions resulted in longer vase life, 10 days under conservation conditions at 22±3 °C and RH 60%.

Bentonite effects on soil physical properties and millet yield components in a semi-arid region in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junzhen Mi ◽  
Edward Gerard Gregorich ◽  
Shengtao Xu ◽  
Neil McLaughlin ◽  
Jinghui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cone Penetration Resistance ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Soil structure plays a critical role in agroecosystems because it controls soil air and water capacity, nutrient availability and crop root growth. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of bentonite on soil relative water content, soil cone penetration resistance, soil bulk density, aggregate size distribution and millet crop yield components in a semi-arid region in northern China from 2011 to 2015. Treatments consisted of six bentonite rates (0, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 Mg ha-1) applied only in the initial year. Addition of bentonite significantly increased soil relative water throughout the profile (0-60 cm), and aggregates in 0.25-2 mm class in 0-40 cm depth; it significantly decreased soil bulk density, soil cone penetration resistance and aggregates in 0.053-0.25 mm class in the 0-40 cm depth. All of the bentonite treatments significantly increased 1000-kernel weight and panicle number up to 16% and 33%, respectively, but did not affect kernels per spike. Treatment with 24 Mg ha-1 bentonite achieved the greatest effect on all the soil physical parameters and crop yield components averaged over all years; the highest application rate (30 Mg ha-1) had an increasing effect over time. This study indicates that application of bentonite improves soil health in sandy-loam soil in a semi-arid region, and thus would help promote sustainable agriculture development in regions with similar soil and climate.

scholarly journals Growth of sugar cane varieties under salinity

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welson Lima Simões ◽  
Marcelo Calgaro ◽  
Daniela Siqueira Coelho ◽  
Delfran Batista dos Santos ◽  
Moisés Alves de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Base Number ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT Large salty areas in the Brazilian semi-arid region have limited farming in Northeastern Brazil. One example is the sugar cane cultivation, which reinforces the need of selecting varieties that are more tolerant to salinity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of salinity on growth of ten varieties of sugar cane. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, set in the experimental field of Embrapa Semiárido, in Petrolina, Pernambuco State. The experimental design was randomized blocks arranged in a 6 X 10 factorial arrangement, comprised of six levels of salinity (0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dS m-1) and ten sugar cane varieties (VAT 90212; RB 72454; RB 867515; Q 124; RB 961003; RB 957508; SP791011; RB 835089; RB 92579 and SP 943206). Salt levels of irrigation water were obtained by adding NaCl, CaCl2.2H2O and MgSO4.7H2O to achieve an equivalent ratio among Na:Ca:Mg of 7:2:1. Sixty days later, plant height, stem diameter (base), number of leaves, stalks and sprouts, leaf area and fresh and dry mass of the aerial part and roots were all measured. The varieties of sugar cane showed similar responses for growth reduction as soil salinity increases, being considered moderately sensitive to salinity.

scholarly journals Oilseeds from a Brazilian Semi-Arid Region: Edible Potential Regarding the Mineral Composition

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivone M. C. Almeida ◽  
M. Teresa Oliva-Teles ◽  
Rita C. Alves ◽  
Joana Santos ◽  
Roberta S. Pinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Oilseeds from five native plant species with edible potential from the Brazilian Caatinga semi-arid region (Diplopterys pubipetala, Barnebya harleyi, Croton adamantinus, Hippocratea volubilis, and Couroupita guianensis) were investigated regarding their mineral contents. The minerals, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Cr, Al, were analyzed by high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry (HR–CS AAS) and P by the vanadomolybdophosphoric acid colorimetric method. K, Mg, and P were the main elements found (1.62–3.7 mg/g, 362–586 µg/g, and 224–499 µg/g dry weight (dw), respectively). B. harley seeds contained the highest amounts of K and P, while C. guianensis seeds were the richest in Mg. Fe was the most abundant oligoelement (2.3–25.6 µg/g dw). Cr contents were below the limit of quantification for all samples and Al amounts were low: 0.04–1.80 µg/g dw. A linear discriminant analysis clearly differentiated B. harleyi and C. guianensis samples from the remaining ones. In sum, these oilseeds from the Brazilian Caatinga semi-arid region seem to have the potential to be used as natural sources of minerals, mainly K.

scholarly journals Hydrologic cycle and dynamics of aquatic macrophytes in two intermittent rivers of the semi-arid region of Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (2b) ◽  
pp. 575-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pedro ◽  
L. Maltchik ◽  
I. Bianchini Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Variable Intensity ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Intermittent Rivers ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The dynamics of aquatic macrophytes in intermittent rivers is generally related to the characteristics of the resistance and resilience of plants to hydrologic disturbances of flood and drought. In the semi-arid region of Brazil, intermittent rivers and streams are affected by disturbances with variable intensity, frequency, and duration throughout their hydrologic cycles. The aim of the present study is to determine the occurrence and variation of biomass of aquatic macrophyte species in two intermittent rivers of distinct hydrologic regimes. Their dynamics were determined with respect to resistance and resilience responses of macrophytes to flood and drought events by estimating the variation of biomass and productivity throughout two hydrologic cycles. Twenty-one visits were undertaken in the rewetting, drying, and drought phases in a permanent puddle in the Avelós stream and two temporary puddles in the Taperoá river, state of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. The sampling was carried out by using the square method. Floods of different magnitudes occurred during the present study in the river and in the stream. The results showed that floods and droughts are determining factors in the occurrence of macrophytes and in the structure of their aquatic communities. The species richness of the aquatic macrophyte communities was lower in the puddles of the river and stream subject to flood events, when compared to areas where the run-off water is retained. At the beginning of the recolonization process, the intensity of the floods was decisive in the productivity and biomass of the aquatic macrophytes in the Taperoá river and the Avelós stream. In intermediate levels of disturbance, the largest values of productivity and biomass and the shortest time for starting the recolonization process occurred.

scholarly journals Productive and physiological performance of lettuce cultivars under hydroponic cultivation in the semi-arid region of the Northeast

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Freitas De Menezes Fortes ◽  
Hozano De Souza Lemos Neto ◽  
Marcelo De Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Italo Marlone Gomes Sampaio ◽  
Francisco Gilcivan Moreira Silva
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Physiological Performance ◽  
Hydroponic Cultivation ◽  
Internal Co2 ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Lettuce is the most-produced leafy vegetable in Brazil; however, to achieve satisfactory production in the different regions, it is necessary to choose the correct cultivar. The aim of this work was to evaluate the productive and physiological performance of lettuce cultivars in a hydroponic system located in Caucaia, in the state of Ceará. A completely randomised design was used, with four cultivars (Isabela, Vanda, Elba and Summer Crisp) and four replications. The following were evaluated: plant height and diameter (PH and PD), total fresh and dry weight (TFW and TDW), commercial fresh weight (CFW), internal CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthesis (A), ratio between internal and external CO2 concentration (Ci/Ca), and transpiration (E). Differences were seen between cultivars in the production and physiological characteristics, except for Ci and Ci/Ca. The ‘Elba’ and ‘Summer Crisp’ cultivars were the first to show signs of bolting (32 and 36 days) and greater height, 38.7 and 31.8 cm respectively. The ‘Isabela’ and ‘Vanda’ cultivars obtained the greatest values for CFW (43.5 and 41.13 g) and TFW (49.38 and 46.46 g). In relation to physiological performance, the ‘Isabela’ and ‘Summer Crisp’ cultivars presented the most photosynthesis. The ‘Isabela’ cultivar had the best productive and physiological performance, in addition to being the only cultivar that presented no signs of bolting, and is therefore strongly suggested for hydroponic production under the conditions of this study.

The Molecular Characterization and Biological Assessment of the Leaves Extracts of Loofah Reveal their Nutraceutical Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takoua Ben Hlel ◽  
Feten Belhadj ◽  
Fatih Gül ◽  
Muhammed Altun ◽  
Ayşe Şahin Yağlıoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Hela Cell ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Background:: Luffa cylindrica is a plant that is widely distributed in Africa and Asia and it can be grown in regions with tropical or subtropical climates. Few patents dealt with Loofah biological properties, including some functional foods formulated from its leaves. Objective:: This study aimed to structurally and functionally characterize the bioactive compounds of L. cylindrica leaves grown in two different environments. Methods:: The extracts of L. cylindrica leaves collected from two Tunisian locations: Essouasi (LE), a semi-arid region and Medenine (LM) an arid region, were investigated for their phenolic compounds and fatty acids using HPLC/TOF-MS and GCMS techniques respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated with DPPH, Chelating effect, Hydroxyl radical and Superoxide anion scavenging activities while the anticancer activity against HeLa cell lines was assessed using xCELLigence real time cell analyzer and lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity assay. Results:: The antiproliferative capacity of both extracts was time and dose-dependent with LE presenting the lowest HeLa cell index (CI = 0.035 ± 0.018, 250 μg/ml). LE also showed the best cytotoxic capacity (56.49 ± 0.8%) and antioxidant potential (IC50 = 54.41 ± 1.12 μg/ml for DPPH and 12.12 ± 0.07 μg/ml for chelating effet). 14 phenolic compounds were detected in LE with ferulic acid being the major compound (5128.5 ± 4.09 μg Phenols/g) while LM had only 6 phenolics. GCMS analysis showed the presence of omega-3 fatty acids in LE. Conclusions:: Our findings suggest that L. cylindrica leaves, especially when collected from semi-arid regions, are promising for formulating nutraceuticals of interest.

Space-time monitoring of soil organic carbon content across a semi-arid region of Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e00367
Author(s):  
Patrick Filippi ◽  
Stephen R. Cattle ◽  
Matthew J. Pringle ◽  
Thomas F.A. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Sowing Dates of Wheat under Arid and Semi-Arid Climatic Regions and Impact Quantification of Climate Change through Mechanistic Modeling with Evidence from Field

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Jamshad Hussain ◽  
Tasneem Khaliq ◽  
Muhammad Habib ur Rahman ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Rising temperature from climate change is the most threatening factor worldwide for crop production. Sustainable wheat production is a challenge due to climate change and variability, which is ultimately a serious threat to food security in Pakistan. A series of field experiments were conducted during seasons 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 in the semi-arid (Faisalabad) and arid (Layyah) regions of Punjab-Pakistan. Three spring wheat genotypes were evaluated under eleven sowing dates from 16 October to 16 March, with an interval of 14–16 days in the two regions. Data for the model calibration and evaluation were collected from field experiments following the standard procedures and protocols. The grain yield under future climate scenarios was simulated by using a well-calibrated CERES-wheat model included in DSSAT v4.7. Future (2051–2100) and baseline (1980–2015) climatic data were simulated using 29 global circulation models (GCMs) under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. These GCMs were distributed among five quadrants of climatic conditions (Hot/Wet, Hot/Dry, Cool/Dry, Cool/Wet, and Middle) by a stretched distribution approach based on temperature and rainfall change. A maximum of ten GCMs predicted the chances of Middle climatic conditions during the second half of the century (2051–2100). The average temperature during the wheat season in a semi-arid region and arid region would increase by 3.52 °C and 3.84 °C, respectively, under Middle climatic conditions using the RCP 8.5 scenario during the second half-century. The simulated grain yield was reduced by 23.5% in the semi-arid region and 35.45% in the arid region under Middle climatic conditions (scenario). Mean seasonal temperature (MST) of sowing dates ranged from 16 to 27.3 °C, while the mean temperature from the heading to maturity (MTHM) stage was varying between 12.9 to 30.4 °C. Coefficients of determination (R2) between wheat morphology parameters and temperature were highly significant, with a range of 0.84–0.96. Impacts of temperature on wheat sown on 15 March were found to be as severe as to exterminate the crop before heading. The spikes and spikelets were not formed under a mean seasonal temperature higher than 25.5 °C. In a nutshell, elevated temperature (3–4 °C) till the end-century can reduce grain yield by about 30% in semi-arid and arid regions of Pakistan. These findings are crucial for growers and especially for policymakers to decide on sustainable wheat production for food security in the region.

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