scholarly journals The diagnosis of metachromatic leucodystrophy during life: metachromatic lipids in saliva and cerebrospinal fluid sediments and in the parotid glands

1964 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horacio M. Canelas ◽  
Ovidio D. Escalante ◽  
Kiyoshi Iriya ◽  
Francisco B. De Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cresyl Violet ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Metachromatic Leucodystrophy ◽  
Acid Blue ◽  
Positive Results

The authors report the study of saliva sediment in 4 cases of juvenile metachromatic leucodystrophy belonging to the same family (and else in a sister of one of these cases presenting the characteristic neurological picture but with no metachromasia demonstrable by the Austin test in urine or by biopsies), in 6 normal relatives of the patients with Scholz disease, in 9 cases of various diseases of the nervous system, and in 10 normal subjects. The presence of metachromatic bodies staining in a pinkish red colour with acid blue toluidine dye was demonstrated in the saliva sediment of the 4 cases of metachromatic leucodystrophy. In 2 of these patients biopsies of the parotid gland, stained with cresyl violet dye, showed the presence of intracellular brownish metachromatic bodies. In these 2 cases the study of cerebrospinal fluid sediment also disclosed the presence of metachromatic bodies. Furthermore, a chromatographic qualitative test for metachromatic lipids yielded positive results in saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine sediments. The conclusion was drawn that the search for metachromatic bodies in cerebrospinal fluid and mainly in saliva sediment may be of help in disclosing or ratifying the diagnosis of metachromatic leucodystrophy during life.

Blumenthal's reaction in cerebrospinal fluid in central nervous system syphilis

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 852-853
Author(s):  
B. I. Serafimov
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Positive Results

Having applied this reaction in a number of cases (46) of progressive paralysis, brain syphilis, spinal tapeworm and other diseases of the central nervous system of syphilitic origin, B.I. Serafimov obtained positive results from it in all these cases, - the same as from RW.

THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID OF LEUKEMIC CHILDREN WITHOUT CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM MANIFESTATIONS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1024-1027
Author(s):  
Audrey E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Early Recurrence ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Positive Results

Fifty lumbar punctures were performed on each of three groups of leukemic children. The three categories studied were (1) those with central nervous system manifestations, (2) those free of symptoms following effective treatment, and (3) those not yet having developed central nervous system symptoms. The patients in Group I all had abnormal cerebrospinal fluid. Those examined before or between episodes referable to the central nervous system had normal findings, with rare exceptions. Positive results in the patients without symptoms almost always indicated the early recurrence of central nervous system symptoms.

Use of a Modified Takata Reaction in the Examination of the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Certain Psychoses

1943 ◽  
Vol 89 (375) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Fleischhacker
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Degenerative Processes

The Takata reaction has hitherto been mainly applied as a serum protein test and has been claimed useful in the diagnosis of liver disease.It has been modified and applied to the cerebrospinal fluid (Takata-Ara (1)). Preliminary investigators found positive results in syphilis of the central nervous system, and it was thought to be a characteristic of this condition. Subsequent workers, however, found that organic conditions other than neuro-syphilis produced similar positive reactions, with the result that the test fell somewhat into disrepute. Now, however, it seems to be established that the test is indicative of a change in the albumin-globulin (euglobulin) ratios in the cerebrospinal fluid. This condition is mainly found in syphilis of the central nervous system, but occurs, of course, in other conditions affecting the central nervous system, especially where degenerative processes are involved.

Ultrastructure of the Parotid Gland of the Nine-Banded Armadillo

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 640-641
Author(s):  
J. R. Ruby
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Duct System ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Thin Sections

Parotid glands were obtained from five adult (four male and one female) armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) which were perfusion-fixed. The glands were located in a position similar to that of most mammals. They extended interiorly to the anterior portion of the submandibular gland.In the light microscope, it was noted that the acini were relatively small and stained strongly positive with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and alcian blue techniques, confirming the earlier results of Shackleford (1). Based on these qualities and other structural criteria, these cells have been classified as seromucous (2). The duct system was well developed. There were numerous intercalated ducts and intralobular striated ducts. The striated duct cells contained large amounts of PAS-positive substance.Thin sections revealed that the acinar cells were pyramidal in shape and contained a basally placed, slightly flattened nucleus (Fig. 1). The rough endoplasmic reticulum was also at the base of the cell.

CHAPTER 9: Immunology of TBEV-Infections

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Viral Infectious Disease ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infectious disease of the central nervous system caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). TBE is usually a biphasic disease and in humans the virus can only be detected during the first (unspecific) phase of the disease. Pathogenesis of TBE is not well understood, but both direct viral effects and immune-mediated tissue damage of the central nervous system may contribute to the natural course of TBE. The effect of TBEV on the innate immune system has mainly been studied in vitro and in mouse models. Characterization of human immune responses to TBEV is primarily conducted in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid, due to the inaccessibility of brain tissue for sample collection. Natural killer (NK) cells and T cells are activated during the second (meningo-encephalitic) phase of TBE. The potential involvement of other cell types has not been examined to date. Immune cells from peripheral blood, in particular neutrophils, T cells, B cells and NK cells, infiltrate into the cerebrospinal fluid of TBE patients.

scholarly journals Persistent cognitive impairment associated with cerebrospinal fluid anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies six months after mild COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Borsche ◽  
Dirk Reichel ◽  
Anja Fellbrich ◽  
Anne S. Lixenfeld ◽  
Johann Rahmöller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Central Nervous System Invasion

AbstractNeurological long-term sequelae are increasingly considered an important challenge in the recent COVID-19 pandemic. However, most evidence for neurological symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection and central nervous system invasion of the virus stems from individuals severely affected in the acute phase of the disease. Here, we report long-lasting cognitive impairment along with persistent cerebrospinal fluid anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a female patient with unremarkable standard examination 6 months after mild COVID-19, supporting the implementation of neuropsychological testing and specific cerebrospinal fluid investigation also in patients with a relatively mild acute disease phase.

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