scholarly journals Decision-making on childhood vaccination by highly educated parents

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Luísa Alves Barbieri ◽  
Márcia Thereza Couto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Empirical Material

OBJECTIVE To analyze the sociocultural aspects involved in the decision-making process of vaccination in upper-class and highly educated families.METHODS A qualitative approach based on in-depth interviews with 15 couples from the city of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, falling into three categories: vaccinators, late or selective vaccinators, and nonvaccinators. The interpretation of produced empirical material was performed through content analysis.RESULTS The study showed diverse and particular aspects surrounding the three groups’ decisions whether to vaccinate their children. The vaccinators’ decision to vaccinate their children was spontaneous and raised no questions. Most late or selective vaccinators experienced a wide range of situations that were instrumental in the decision to delay or not apply certain vaccines. The nonvaccinator’s decision-making process expressed a broader context of both criticism of hegemonic obstetric practices in Brazil and access to information transmitted via social networks and the internet. The data showed that the problematization of vaccines (culminating in the decision to not vaccinate their children) occurred in the context of humanized birth, was protagonized by women and was greatly influenced by health information from the internet.CONCLUSIONS Sociocultural aspects of the singular Brazilian context and the contemporary society were involved in the decision-making on children’s vaccination. Understanding this process can provide a real basis for a deeper reflection on health and immunization practices in Brazil in light of the new contexts and challenges of the world today.

“Move backward to make a step forward”: Understanding the migration of the highly educated to Sorong City, West Papua, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 011719682110697
Author(s):  
Meirina Ayumi Malamassam ◽  
Inayah Hidayati ◽  
Bayu Setiawan ◽  
Ade Latifa
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Migration Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Small City ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
West Papua ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

Highly educated people are mainly concentrated in big cities or metropolitan areas. However, some of them choose to move to less developed regions. Using information from in-depth interviews of 15 highly educated migrants that recently moved to Sorong City, a small city in easternmost Indonesia, this study examines the narratives behind their spatial movements. The findings show that promising career development is a critical factor in their migration decision-making process. Although most of them faced difficulties with the limited living amenities in Sorong city, the migrants managed to improve their employability and accelerate their social mobility. However, some migrants expressed their intentions to remigrate from the city in the future. This situation indicates the lack of migrants’ social integration and the challenges in the human capital accumulation in the region.

scholarly journals A survey of methods for evaluating mini-publics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeuchi Ayano
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Political Decision Making

AbstractPublic participation has become increasingly necessary to connect a wide range of knowledge and various values to agenda setting, decision-making and policymaking. In this context, deliberative democratic concepts, especially “mini-publics,” are gaining attention. Generally, mini-publics are conducted with randomly selected lay citizens who provide sufficient information to deliberate on issues and form final recommendations. Evaluations are conducted by practitioner researchers and independent researchers, but the results are not standardized. In this study, a systematic review of existing research regarding practices and outcomes of mini-publics was conducted. To analyze 29 papers, the evaluation methodologies were divided into 4 categories of a matrix between the evaluator and evaluated data. The evaluated cases mainly focused on the following two points: (1) how to maintain deliberation quality, and (2) the feasibility of mini-publics. To create a new path to the political decision-making process through mini-publics, it must be demonstrated that mini-publics can contribute to the decision-making process and good-quality deliberations are of concern to policy-makers and experts. Mini-publics are feasible if they can contribute to the political decision-making process and practitioners can evaluate and understand the advantages of mini-publics for each case. For future research, it is important to combine practical case studies and academic research, because few studies have been evaluated by independent researchers.

2010 Meltdown – Airport Closure Risk Communications in London and NYC

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
Sweta Chakraborty ◽  
Naomi Creutzfeldt-Banda
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
City Area ◽  
Risk Communications ◽  
The City ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts

Saturday, 18 December 2010 was the first of a two day complete closure of all London area airports due to freezing temperatures and approximately five inches of snow. A week later on December 26th, New York City area airports closed in a similar manner from the sixth largest snowstorm in NYC history, blanketing the city approximately twenty inches of snow. Both storms grounded flights for days, and resulted in severe delays long after the snow stopped falling. Both London and NYC area airports produced risk communications to explain the necessity for the closures and delays. This short flash news report examines, in turn, the risk communications presented during the airport closures. A background is provided to understand how the risk perceptions differ between London and NYC publics. Finally, it compares and contrasts the perceptions of the decision making process and outcomes of the closures, which continue to accumulate economic and social impacts.

IT in Manufacturing and Logistics for SCM and OP in SMEs

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hung ◽  
Yao-Wen Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Wide Range

This analysis focusses on the effects of Information Technology (IT) and how it significantly affects the Supply Chain Management (SCM) in logistics and manufacturing-Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). Apart from that, our purpose is to evaluate how IT affects the Organizational Performance (OP) in the enterprises. Irrespective of the fact that IT cannot be applied in every enterprise, the findings in this research are based on the statistical analysis which shows that a wide-range of workforce in the modern age has adopted the initiative considering the complexities of SCM and mostly to maximize OP in the enterprises. This research was done based on the analysis of SMEs in logistics and manufacturing sector in India. The sample used to conduct this research makes it valid to draw assumptions that managers and CEOs are responsible for coordinating enterprise operations in SMEs. The evaluation in this research shows that the workforce is obliged to formulate strategies to allow employees to enhance their competency of IT. In that regard, the findings are essential for the enhancement of the decision-making process, SCM and OP.

Understanding How Behavior Plays a Role in Purchasing Dog Food in Bombay

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-117
Author(s):  
Niaga Rajesh ◽  
Paavni Varma
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Dog Food ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Mumbai City ◽  
Food Consumed

It has been noticed that there has been an increase in the number of families adopting dogs as pets in the urban areas on India. Dogs among all other pets are considered the most loyal and unconditionally loving animals. However, maintaining a dog is not as simple as it may seem. One of the most important factors that contribute to the wellbeing of a dog is the nutritious food consumed by the dog. This research paper aims to understand the behavior that influences the purchase of dog food in Mumbai city. The goal is to comprehend the preferences and the buying pattern of dog food consumed in Mumbai. To undertake this research, 15 in-depth interviews were conducted, of people who own dogs; belong to the middle and upper-class families in the city of Mumbai. Dog owners indulge in a lot of reading and research to make sure that they give the right form of nutrition to their dogs. This research threw light on the purchase behavior of dog food consumed in Mumbai.

Research on Agent-Based Energy Saving System of Civil

2013 ◽  
Vol 816-817 ◽  
pp. 1220-1224
Author(s):  
Shou Cai Ma
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Adjustment Mechanism ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
System Components ◽  
System Energy ◽  
The City

This paper deeply analyzes the urban civil system, energy-saving decision-making mechanism, the system components and the related energy-saving anti-adjustment mechanism based on the proposed energy-saving urban civil system's basis. It also presents the classification decision-making and decision-making process for the civil on various components on building systems in decision-making energy-saving features on the system proposed civil heat, urban heating network and the energy saving civil monomer decision making. It also builds the decision support for the city civil agent-based energy-saving system, realizing the basic institutions of the agent to propose the energy-saving urban civil decision.

Poll Worker Decision Making at the American Ballot Box

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 714-718
Author(s):  
Mara Suttmann-Lea
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Matching Law ◽  
Election Law ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Signature Matching ◽  
American Elections ◽  
Street Level Bureaucrats ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

Street-level bureaucrats set the terms for policy implementation and often operate under limited oversight. In American elections, poll workers are the street-level bureaucrats tasked with implementing a jurisdiction’s laws for verifying voter eligibility. Using in-depth interviews with 24 poll workers from the city of Chicago, this article assesses how poll workers make decisions about voter eligibility under Illinois’ signature-matching law. Respondents discussed a range of considerations used when they examine voter eligibility. The evidence I present suggests they rely on personal perspectives and experiences in their evaluations. Respondents also offered a range of responses for how they would proceed in the instance of a mismatching signature—including requesting voters provide identification even though it is not a requirement in Illinois unless a voter is challenged. Broadly, these results illustrate how poll workers’ subjective interpretations of election law shape their decisions and can lead to idiosyncratic applications of election law.

scholarly journals A Multitier Approach to Estimating the Energy Efficiency of Urban Passenger Mobility

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10263
Author(s):  
Daniel Neves Schmitz Gonçalves ◽  
Renata Albergaria de Mello Bandeira ◽  
Mariane Gonzalez da Costa ◽  
George Vasconcelos Goes ◽  
Tássia Faria de Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Energy Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Motorized Transport

As society has experiences new modes of mobility in recent years, cities have planned to increase their energy efficiency as a way of reducing environmental impacts and promoting economic development. However, governments face difficulties in establishing mechanisms to determine the best actions in the management of urban mobility regarding energy efficiency and to elaborate a ranking of cities based on energy efficiency in order to better allocate resources. This is due to the complex nature of obtaining a wide range of activity and energy data from a single municipality, especially in data-scarce regions. This paper develops and applies a model for estimating the energy efficiency of urban mobility that is applicable to different contexts and backgrounds. The main contribution of the article is the use of a multitier approach to compare and adjust outputs, considering different transport configurations and data sets. The results indicate that variations in vehicle occupancy and individual motorized transport rates have a significant impact on energy efficiency, which reached 0.70 passenger-kilometers/MJ in Sorocaba, Brazil. However, as the use of electric vehicles increases in this city, this scenario is expected to change. Additionally, the method has been proven to be an important mechanism for benchmarking purposes and for the decision-making process for transport investments.

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